This book contains the reports of selected projects involving natural language commu­ nication with pictorial information systems. More than just a record of research results, however, it presents concrete applications to the solution of a wide variety of problems. The authors are all prominent figures in the field whose authoritative contributions help ensure its continued expansion in both size and significance. Y. C. Lee and K S. Fu (Purdue University, USA) survey picture query languages which form an interface between the pictorial database system and the user and support infor­ mation retrieval, data entry and manipulation, data analysis and output generation. They include explicit picture query languages that augment alphanumeric data query langua­ ges as well as languages and command sets which are implicitly embedded in a pictorial information system but perform similar functions. It is worth mentioning that some forms of query languages can be transformed from a given set of natural language senten­ ces by using ATN (Augmented Transition Networks), which consequently allows for na­ turallanguage communication with information system.

Augmented Transition Network Grammars are at present the most widely used method for analyzing natural languages. Despite the increasing po­ pularity of this method, however, no extensive papers on ATN-Grammars have been presented which would be accessible to a larger number of per­ sons engaged in the problem from both the theoretical and practical points of view. Augmented Transition Networks (ATN) are derived from state automata. Like a finite state automaton, an ATN consists of a collection of la­ beled states and arcs, a distinguished start state and a set of distin­ guished final states. States are connected with each other by arcs crea­ ting a directed graph or net. The label on an arc indicates a terminal symbol (word) or the type of words which must occur in an input stream to allow the transition to the next state. It is said that a sequence of words (or sentence) is accepted by such a net if there exists a se­ quence of arcs (usually called a path), connecting the start state with a final state, which can be followed to the sentence. The finite state automaton is then enriched by several facilities which increase its computational power. The most important of them permits some arcs to be labeled by nonterminal rather than terminal symbols. This means that the transition through such an arc is actually the re­ cursive application of the net beginning with a pointed state.

Natural language generation is a field within artificial intelligence which looks ahead to the future when machines will communicate complex thoughts to their human users in a natural way. Generation systems supply the sophisticated knowledge about natural languages that must come into play when one needs to use wordings that will overpower techniques based only on symbolic string manipulation techniques. Topics covered in this volume include discourse theory, mechanical translation, deliberate writing, and revision. Natural Language Generation Systems contains contributions by leading researchers in the field. Chapters contain details of grammatical treatments and processing seldom reported on outside of full length monographs.

Product Description: As information technology became ubiquitous, it did not take long for prac- cally minded ICT specialists to realize the technology's potential for supporting and enhancing our social activities. Today, it is a truism to say that information technology has a social dimension and a social impact-it is enough to consider such applications as Facebook, LinkedIn, or Wikipedia...read more

Product Description: Contains the refereed proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision and Graphics, ICCVG 2010, held in Warsaw, Poland, in September 2010.

Product Description: This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision and Graphics, ICCVG 2008, held in Warsaw, Poland, in November 2008. The 48 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions...read more

Many-valued logics are becoming increasingly important in all areas of computer science. This is the second volume of an authoritative two-volume handbook on many valued logics by two leading figures in the field. While the first volume was mainly concerned with theoretical foundations, this volume emphasizes automated reasoning, practical applications, and the latest developments in fuzzy logic and rough set theory. Among the applications presented are those in software specification and electronic circuit verification.

Product Description: Time and logic are central driving concepts in science and technology. In this book, some of the major current developments in our understanding and application of temporal logic are presented in computational terms. "Time and Logic: A Computational Approach" should be a useful sourcebook for those within the specific field of temporal logic, as well as providing valuable introductory material for those seeking an entry into this increasingly important area of theoretical computing...read more

Product Description: Many-valued logics were developed as an attempt to handle philosophical doubts about the "law of excluded middle" in classical logic. The first many-valued formal systems were developed by J. Lukasiewicz in Poland and E.Post in the U...read more

Product Description: Many-valued logics were developed as an attempt to handle philosophical doubts about the "law of excluded middle" in classical logic. The first many-valued formal systems were developed by J. Lukasiewicz in Poland and E.Post in the U...read more

Up to now there has been no scientific publication on natural language research that presents a broad and complex description of the current problems of parsing in the context of Artificial Intelligence. However, there are many interesting results from this domain appearing mainly in numerous articles published in professional journals. In view of this situation, the objective of this book is to enable scientists from different countries to present the results of their research on natural language parsing in the form of more detailed papers than would be possible in professional journals. This book thus provides a collection of studies written by well-known scientists whose earlier publications have greatly contributed to the development of research on natural language parsing.