Amazon.com description: Product Description: Spencer-Bower: The Law Relating to Estoppel by Representation, Fifth Edition is a highly regarded text covering the doctrine of estoppel involving a promise or representation by one party that influences the behaviour of the second party, who relies on the veracity of the promise or representation. Last published in 2003 the fifth edition has been fully updated to include major key developments and covers two of the most significant estoppel cases in recent years: Re Gleeds Retirement Benefits Scheme and NRAM Plc v McAdam. Written by a team of esteemed lawyers in this area of law, Spencer-Bower: The Law Relating to Estoppel by Representation includes expert analysis across a wide breadth of cases and covers the following: Introduction, definition and treatment Representation of Fact How a representation may be made Unequivocality and construction Inducement and reliance Parties to the Estoppel The defence of illegality Estoppel by Convention; Estoppel by deed Applications of the principles of estoppel by representation to various relationships between parties Miscellaneous estoppels Statutory estoppel Proprietary estoppel Election Promissory estoppel Procedure