Tables of Contents for Psychotherapy and Spirituality

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Chapter/Section Title

Page #

Page Count

Acknowledgements

Foreword

Malcolm Pines

Introduction

Part 1 Spirituality in the Therapeutic Session

Introducing Part 1

Flight, Fright or Faith?

Groundless or Reasonable Fear?

Psychological or Spiritual Trauma?

Vision or Hallucination?

Depression or Spiritual Darkness?

Narcissism or Misdirected Worship?

Concluding Part 1

Part 2 A Grammar of Western Consciousness

Introducing Part 2

The Past Complicates the Present

Exploring the discrepancy between religious and secular subculturesPlausibility structuresLosing our sense of unityThe break-up between spirituality and theologyThe impoverishment of religious languageSymbolic miscommunicationThe problematic situation of the contemporary religious believer

Bringing the Background to the Fore

The Foundation matrixA group acting out themes of the foundation matrixFoundation matrix and spiritual concernsMetacommunicationWhy concern ourselves with the foundation matrix?

Psychotherapy and Cultural Root Metaphors

Foundation matrix and metaphorsRoot metaphor theoryHow cultural root metaphors may become problematicCultural root metaphors in psychotherapySpirituality and cultural root metaphorsHow cultural root metaphors can shape spiritual concerns

Psychotherapy and Spiritual Root Metaphors

Spiritual root metaphorsWhat is the function of spiritual root metaphors?Criteria for adequate spiritual root metaphorsWhen spiritual metaphors are disconnected from their contextExcursus: journeys and lawsThe consequences of disconnecting the trial metaphorTherapy and spiritual root metaphorsPsychotherapy and the Bible

Spiritual Root Metaphors and Modern Western Consciousness

112

Spiritual metaphors as hidden navigatorsWhen the journey metaphor goes undergroundWhen the trial metaphor goes undergroundWhen the warface metaphor goes undergroundPsychotherapy and disconnected spiritual root metaphors

Concluding Part 2

123

Part 3 Existential and Cognitive Aspects of Spirituality

Introducing Part 3

128

Spirituality as a Change Process

129

An ancient theory of spiritual developmentAdapting the ancient systematisation to modern experienceWhy `aspects' rather than `phases'?Psychotherapy and the spiritual change processSpirituality and customary religious behaviour

The Existential Aspect of Spirituality

138

Psychotherapy and the existential dimensionExistential consciousnessSpiritual True SelfCharacteristics of the existential aspectHow the existential interacts with psychotherapyDiscernment at the existential level

Psychotherapy and the Struggle for Authentic Spirituality

148

Deciding about spiritual True SelfSpiritual self-doubt and ambivalenceThe existential aspect of spiritual change`Transcendental' anorexia nervosaAnorexia as failed spiritual changeWillingness and wilfulness in the spiritual change process

The Cognitive Aspect of Spirituality

161

God as 'object'?Illumination as intuitive experiential knowledge`Religious experience' researchThe validity of religious experience`Broad theismExtrasensory perception or special spiritual powers?

Psychotherapy and Illuminative Experience

174

The structure of illuminative experienceIlluminative experience as a learning process`Illuminative learning' in psychotherpayIlluminative experience and self-knowledgePositive after-effects of illuminative experienceNegative after-effects of illuminative experienceThe struggle for intellectual integrityDiscernment at the cognitive levelSpiritual doubtResistance to spiritual truth

Concluding Part 3

193

Part 4 Relational Aspects of Spirituality

Introducing Part 4

197

The Analysis of Spiritual Relationships

199

Spiritual and therapeutic relationshipsLearning receptivityLearning inwardnessLearning trustConvergence between therapeutic and spiritual changeDivergence between therapeutic and spiritual changeThe need for discernmentFinding balance in therapy and spirituality

Spirituality as a Negative Therapeutic Factor

216

Conflict between therapeutic and spiritual changeWho is afraid of theology?What is the connection between a spiritual relationship and a specific theology?What are your own criteria for evaluating other people's theologies? A preliminary questionWhere to draw the line between psychotherapy and spiritual direction? Another preliminary questionBack to the main question: how to deal with counterproductive theologies?Assessing spiritual relationshipsThree relational categories

Impersonal (or Manipulative) Relationships

232

The category of impersonal (or manipulative) human relationshipsImpersonal or manipulative spiritual relationships: magic and determinismExploring the potential for therapeutic change in impersonal spiritual relationshipsLatent possibilities for spiritual and therapeutic change within determinismLooking for counterbalancing elements in a manipulative spiritual relationshipComposite relationships

Predestination and Double Predestination

240

Predestination as a theoretical problemPredestination as a spiritual and psychological problemPredestination and coping with misfortunePredestination and depressionPredestination and prejudice

Mutual Agreement (or Contractual) Relationships

250

The category of mutual agreement (or contractual) human relationshipsSpiritual relationships of mutual agreementSatisfaction theologyContractual spiritual relationships as a negative therapeutic factorExploring the potential for therapeutic change

Mutual Love (or Fellowship) Relationships

263

The category of mutual love (or fellowship) human relationshipsSpiritual relationships of mutual love or fellowshipCharacteristics and learning aspects of spiritual relationships of mutual love or fellowshipSpiritual relationships of mutual love or fellowship as a negative therapeutic factorSpiritual non-fulfilmentDoctrine and spiritual metaphor: an example

Concluding Part 4

274

How to proceed further

276