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Tables of Contents for Handbook of Applied Photometry
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Contributors
ix
2
Preface
xi
PART 1: FUNDAMENTALS
1
132
Chapter 1: Light and Radiation
1
32
Theodore W. Cannon
1.1 Introduction
1
1
1.2 Light to the Beholder
2
1
1.3 Why Photometry?
3
1
1.4 Light as Radiation
4
1
1.5 Light as a Wave
5
1
1.6 Light as a Stream of Particles
6
2
1.7 Quantifying Light
8
22
References
30
3
Chapter 2: Photometric and Radiometric Quantities
33
22
Rainer Kohler
2.1 Introduction
34
1
2.2 Nomenclature
34
1
2.3 Photometry versus Radiometry
34
2
2.4 Quantities and Units in Photometry and Radiometry
36
11
2.5 Radiometry and Photometry of Extended Sources
47
2
2.6 Typical Figures and Values
49
1
Appendix 2.1: Radiometric and Photometric Quantities
50
1
Appendix 2.2: List of Symbols
50
1
Appendix 2.3: Geometrical Quantities
51
1
Appendix 2.4: Definition of the Candela
52
1
References
53
2
Chapter 3: Photometric Standards
55
46
Yoshi Ohno
3.1 History of Photometric Standards
56
1
3.2 Photometry, Physical Photometry, and Radiometry
57
2
3.3 SI Units and the International Legal Metrology System
59
1
3.4 Luminous-Intensity Standards
60
19
3.5 Luminous-Flux Standards
79
9
3.6 Luminance Standards
88
5
3.7 Color-Temperature Standards
93
5
Acknowledgments
98
1
References
98
3
Chapter 4: Fundamentals of Detectors
101
32
Carolyn J. Sher DeCusatis
4.1 Choosing the Right Detector
102
3
4.2 Detector Specifications
105
7
4.3 Inside the Detector
112
19
References
131
2
PART 2: METHODOLOGY
133
156
Chapter 5: Measurement Procedures
133
46
Yoshi Ohno
5.1 Luminous-Intensity Measurement
134
17
5.2 Illuminance-Meter Calibration
151
8
5.3 Luminous-Flux Measurement
159
14
5.4 Color-Temperature Measurement
173
4
Acknowledgment
177
1
References
177
2
Chapter 6: Measurement Procedures and Case Studies
179
38
David C. Gross
6.1 Introduction
180
1
6.2 Roots of Problems
181
2
6.3 Cell or Spectrometer?
183
5
6.4 Case Study: My New Spectroradiometer
188
8
6.5 List of Instrument Problems
196
2
6.6 Case Study: Light-Bulb Efficiency When Dimmed
198
7
6.7 Case Study: Looking for a 0.3% Change
205
1
6.8 Case Study: Too Much Light
206
3
6.9 Laboratory Operations
209
6
6.10 Recommendations
215
1
References
215
2
Chapter 7: Photometric Reports
217
22
Randall P. Bergin
7.1 Overview: Photometric Testing of Luminaires
217
3
7.2 Photometric Reports for Commercial Luminaires
220
16
7.3 Summary
236
2
References
238
1
Chapter 8: Spectroradiometry Methods
239
50
William E. Schneider
Richard Young
8.1 Spectroradiometric versus Photometric Quantities: Definitions and Units
240
6
8.2 Spectroradiometric Standards
246
8
8.3 Spectroradiometric Instrumentation--General Features
254
11
8.4 Performance Specifications
265
4
8.5 Spectroradiometric Measurement Systems
269
10
8.6 Calculating Photometric and Colorimetric Parameters
279
5
8.7 Accuracy and Errors
284
2
References
286
3
PART 3: ADVANCED TOPICS
289
134
Chapter 9: Retroreflection
289
38
Justin J. Rennilson
9.1 Introduction
290
5
9.2 Terminology
295
4
9.3 Units of Measurement
299
1
9.4 Types of Retroreflective Devices
300
5
9.5 Geometrical Characteristics of These Devices
305
3
9.6 Spectral Characteristics
308
5
9.7 Measurement
313
6
9.8 Standards
319
1
9.9 Examples of Measurement
320
4
9.10 Sources of Common Errors
324
1
References
325
2
Chapter 10: Colorimetry
327
86
Janos D. Schanda
10.1 Introduction
328
1
10.2 Visual Basis of Colorimetry
328
11
10.3 Psychophysical Experiments to Quantify Color Matches
339
4
10.4 CIE Colorimetry
343
36
10.5 Further Questions of Colorimetry
379
7
10.6 Colorimetric Practice
386
12
10.7 Summary and Conclusions
398
1
Appendix 10.1
399
3
Appendix 10.2
402
2
Appendix 10.3
404
2
References
406
7
Chapter 11: Future Trends in Photometry
413
10
Janos D. Schanda
11.1 Introduction
413
1
11.2 Luminance and Brightness Description
414
3
11.3 Photometry and Fundamental Metrology
417
1
11.4 Practical Photometry
418
2
11.5 Conclusions
420
1
References
421
2
Appendix A: Measurement Conversion Tables
423
4
Appendix B: Physical Constants
427
2
Appendix C: Radiometric and Photometric Quantities
429
2
Appendix D: Electromagnetic Spectrum
431
2
Appendix E: Photometric and Radiometric Values
433
10
Appendix F: Index of Professional Organizations
443
2
Subject Index
445