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Tables of Contents for Astronomy
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Foreword to Third Edition
xi
Foreword to First Edition
xiii
Acknowledgements
xvi
Part 1 Introduction Chapters 1-5
1
32
Naked Eye Observations
3
6
Introduction
3
1
Instantaneous Phenomena
3
1
A Few Hours
4
1
A Month
5
1
A Year
6
3
Ancient World Models
9
3
Observations Made by Instruments
12
5
The Subjectivity of Simple Measurements
12
1
Instrumentation in Astronomy
13
2
The Role of the Observer
15
2
The Nature of the Observables
17
4
Introduction
17
1
Macroscopic Bodies
17
1
Atomic Particles
18
1
Electromagnetic Radiation
18
3
The Astronomer's Measurements
21
12
Introduction
21
1
Direction of Arrival of the Radiation
21
2
Brightness
23
5
Polarization
28
1
Time
28
5
Problems: Chapter 5
30
1
Further Study
31
2
Part 2 The Celestial Sphere and Elementary Celestial Mechanics Chapters 6-13
33
132
The Geometry of the Sphere
35
11
Introduction
35
1
Spherical Geometry
35
2
Position on the Earth's Surface
37
3
Spherical Trigonometry
40
3
Other Formulae of Spherical Trigonometry
43
1
The Small Spherical Triangle
43
1
Solid Angle
44
2
Problems: Chapter 6
44
2
The Celestial Sphere: Co-ordinate Systems
46
22
Introduction
46
1
The Horizontal (Alt-azimuth) System
46
2
The Equatorial System
48
1
Southern Hemisphere Celestial Spheres
49
1
Circumpolar Stars
50
1
The Measurement of Latitude and Declination
51
1
The Geocentric Celestial Sphere
52
1
Transformation of One Co-ordinate System into Another
53
2
Right Ascension
55
1
The Sun's Geocentric Behaviour
56
2
Sunset and Sunrise
58
1
Megalithic Man and the Sun
59
2
Sidereal Time
61
1
The Ecliptic System of Co-ordinates
61
1
Galactic Co-ordinates
62
6
Problems: Chapter 7
66
2
The Celestial Sphere: Timekeeping Systems
68
20
Introduction
68
1
Sidereal Time
68
3
Mean Solar Time
71
2
The Relationship Between Mean Solar Time and Sidereal Time
73
2
The Civil Day
75
1
The Greenwich Date and Zone Time (with Date)
76
1
The Tropical Year and the Calendar
77
1
The Julian Date
77
1
Ephemeris Time
78
1
The Earth's Geographical Zones
78
2
The Seasons
80
2
Twilight
82
6
Problems: Chapter 8
86
2
The Reduction of Positional Observations: I
88
18
Introduction
88
1
Atmospheric Refraction
88
4
Correction for the Observer's Height Above Sea-Level
92
2
Geocentric Parallax
94
3
The Semi-Diameter of a Celestial Object
97
1
Measuring Distance in the Solar System
98
2
Stellar Parallax
100
6
Problems: Chapter 9
104
2
The Reduction of Positional Observations: II
106
14
Introduction
106
1
Stellar Aberration
106
2
The Velocity of Light
108
1
The Angle of Aberration
108
2
The Constant of Aberration
110
1
Diurnal and Planetary Aberration
111
1
Precession of the Equinoxes
112
2
Measuring the Positions of and the Celestial Equator
114
1
Effect of Precession on a Star's Equatorial Coordinates
114
2
The Cause of Precession
116
1
Nutation
117
1
The Tropical and the Sidereal Years
117
3
Problems: Chapter 10
118
2
Geocentric Planetary Phenomena
120
14
Introduction
120
1
The Ptolemaic System
121
1
The Copernican System
122
1
The Astronomical Discoveries of Galileo
122
2
Planetary Configurations
124
1
The Synodic Period
125
1
Measurement of Planetary Distances
126
1
Geocentric Motion of a Planet
127
1
Stationary Points
128
3
The Phase of a Planet
131
1
Improvement of Accuracy
132
2
Problems: Chapter 11
132
2
Celestial Mechanics: The Two-Body Problem
134
16
Introduction
134
1
Planetary Orbits
134
3
Newton's Laws of Motion
137
1
Newton's Law of Gravitation
138
2
The Principia of Isaac Newton
140
1
The Two-Body Problem
141
6
The Astronomical Unit
147
3
Problems: Chapter 12
148
2
Celestial Mechanics: The Many-Body Problem
150
15
Introduction
150
1
The Elements of an Orbit
150
1
General Properties of the Many-Body Problem
151
1
General Perturbation Theories
152
1
Special Perturbation Theoreis
153
1
Dynamics of Artificial Earth Satellites
154
3
The Stationary Satellite
157
1
Interplanetary Transfer Orbits
157
8
Problems: Chapter 13
163
1
Further Study
164
1
Part 3 Observational Techniques Chapters 14-22
165
142
The Radiation Laws
167
21
Introduction
167
1
Kirchhoff's Law
168
4
Polarization Phenomena
172
3
The Quantum Nature of Radiation
175
1
Absolute Temperature and Boltzmann's Constant
175
1
Black Body Radiation
176
2
Bohr's Atomic Theory
178
6
The Zeeman Effect
184
1
The Velocity of Light
185
1
The Doppler Shift
185
3
Problems: Chapter 14
187
1
The Optics of Telescope Collectors
188
25
Introduction
188
1
The Telescope Collector
189
2
The Telescope and the Collected Energy
191
3
Refractors
194
6
Transmission Efficiency of the Refractor
200
1
Reflectors
201
3
Transmission Efficiency of the Reflector
204
1
Comparison of Refractors and Reflectors
205
8
Problems: Chapter 15
212
1
Visual Use of Telescopes
213
13
Magnifying Power
213
2
Telescope Resolving Power
215
3
Magnification Limits
218
2
Limiting Magnitude
220
1
Eyepieces
221
2
Micrometer Eyepieces
223
1
Solar Eyepieces
224
2
Problems: Chapter 16
224
2
Special Optical Systems and Measurements
226
14
The Schmidt Telescope
226
2
The Transit Telescope
228
1
Zenith Tubes
228
1
Portable Positional Instruments
229
3
The Coelostat
232
1
The Coronagraph
232
1
Measurements of Stellar Diameters
233
7
Radio Telescopes
240
12
Introduction
240
1
Antennae
240
3
Antennae Design
243
1
Parabolic Dishes
244
1
Interferometers
245
3
Polarization
248
1
Radar Observations
248
4
Telescope Mountings
252
5
Optical Telescopes
252
2
Equatorial Mountings
254
1
Telescope Domes
255
1
Radio Telescopes
256
1
Detectors for Optical Telescopes
257
18
The Optical Spectrum
257
1
Spectral Sensitivity
257
1
Quantum Efficiency
257
1
The Eye as a Detector
258
1
The Photographic Plate
259
2
Photographic Photometry
261
3
Photographic Efficiency
264
1
Limiting Magnitude
264
2
Photoelectric Devices
266
1
The Photomultiplier
267
4
Limiting Magnitude
271
1
Comparison of Photographic and Photoelectric Detectors
271
2
Image Converters
273
1
TV Systems and Other Detectors
273
2
Problems: Chapter 20
274
1
Astronomical Measurements
275
19
Introduction
275
1
Positional Measurements
275
1
Magnitude Systems
276
1
Standard Magnitude Systems
276
1
The Use of Multi-coloured Photometry
277
1
Bolometric Magnitudes
278
1
Disturbances Caused by the Atmosphere
279
6
Stellar Photographic Photometry
285
1
Photoelectric Photometry
286
1
Polarimetry
287
1
Spectrometry
288
6
Problems: Chapter 21
292
2
Other Astrophysical Experimentation
294
13
Introduction
294
1
X-ray Astronomy
294
3
γ-ray Astronomy
297
3
Ultra-violet Astronomy
300
1
Infra-red Astronomy
301
1
mm Astronomy
302
2
Neutrino Astronomy
304
1
Gravitational Radiation
305
2
Further Study
306
1
Part 4 Experimental Work Chapter 23
307
35
Practical Projects
309
33
Introduction
309
1
Simple Observations
309
7
Personal Equation
316
1
The Sun as a Timekeeper
317
3
The Sun as a Position Finder
320
13
Planetary Orbits
333
3
The Telescope
336
2
Photography of Star Fields
338
1
Spectra
338
2
Michelson's Stellar Interferometer
340
2
Appendix: Astronomical and Related Constants
342
2
Bibliography
344
2
Answers to Problems
346
4
Index
350