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Tables of Contents for Differential Diagnosis for the Chiropractor
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Acknowledgments
xix
2
Introduction
xxi
Part I -- Musculoskeletal Complaints
1
356
Chapter 1 -- General Approach to Musculoskeletal Complaints
3
24
Context
3
1
General Strategy
4
2
History
6
2
Examination
8
7
Management
15
10
References
25
2
Chapter 2 -- Neck Complaints
27
28
Context
27
1
General Strategy
28
5
Relevant Anatomy and Biomechanics
33
2
Evaluation
35
7
Management
42
2
SELECTED CAUSES OF CERVICAL SPINE PAIN
44
11
Disc Herniation
44
4
Myelopathy
48
1
Burner/Stinger
49
1
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
50
1
Facet/Referred
51
1
Torticollis
51
1
References
52
3
Chapter 3 -- Temporomandibular Complaints
55
16
Context
55
1
General Strategy
55
1
Relevant Anatomy and Biomechanics
56
3
Evaluation
59
3
Management
62
4
SELECTED TMJ DISORDERS
66
5
Capsulitis
66
1
Synovitis
66
1
Disc Derangement with Reduction
67
1
Closed Lock
67
1
Acute Open Lock
68
1
References
68
3
Chapter 4 -- Thoracic Spine Complaints
71
16
Context
71
1
General Strategy
71
1
Relevant Anatomy
72
2
Evaluation
74
3
Management
77
5
SELECTED DISORDERS OF THE THORACIC SPINE
82
5
Scheuermann's Disease
82
1
Compression Fracture
83
1
Osteoid Osteoma
83
1
Postural Syndrome
84
1
T4 Syndrome
84
1
References
85
2
Chapter 5 -- Scoliosis
87
18
Context
87
1
Idiopathic Scoliosis Etiology
87
1
General Strategy
88
1
Evaluation
89
5
Management
94
5
Summary
99
4
References
103
2
Chapter 6 -- Lumbopelvic Complaints
105
36
Context
105
1
General Strategy
105
1
Relevant Anatomy, Physiology, and Biomechanics
106
2
Evaluation
108
14
Management
122
8
SELECTED DISORDERS OF THE LOW BACK
130
11
Disc Lesion with Radiculopathy
130
1
Facet Syndrome
130
1
Canal Stenosis
131
1
Spondylolisthesis
132
1
Sacroiliac Sprain and Subluxation
133
1
Piriformis Syndrome
134
1
Ankylosing Spondylitis
134
1
Reiter's Syndrome
135
1
Multiple Myeloma
136
1
Metastatic Carcinoma
136
1
Infectious Spondylitis
137
1
Abdominal Aneurysm
138
1
References
138
3
Chapter 7 -- Shoulder Girdle Complaints
141
32
Context
141
1
General Strategy
142
1
Relevant Anatomy and Biomechanics
142
1
Evaluation
143
11
Management
154
5
SELECTED DISORDERS OF THE SHOULDER
159
14
Impingement Syndrome
159
4
Traumatic Instability
163
1
Nontraumatic Instability or Looseness
163
3
Adhesive Capsulitis
166
1
Rotator Cuff Tear
167
1
Acute Calcific Bursitis and Tendinitis
168
1
Acromioclavicular Separation
169
1
Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle
170
1
References
171
2
Chapter 8 -- Elbow Complaints
173
18
Context
173
1
General Strategy
173
1
Relevant Anatomy and Biomechanics
174
1
Evaluation
175
6
Management
181
4
SELECTED DISORDERS OF THE ELBOW
185
6
Lateral Epicondylitis (Tennis Elbow)
185
1
Medial Epicondylitis
185
1
Triceps Tendinitis (Posterior Tennis Elbow)
186
1
Posterior Impingement Syndrome
187
1
Nursemaid's Elbow
187
1
Little League Elbow
187
1
Osteochondrosis (Panner's Disease)
188
1
Olecranon Bursitis
189
1
References
189
2
Chapter 9 -- Wrist and Forearm Complaints
191
30
Context
191
1
General Strategy
191
2
Relevant Anatomy and Biomechanics
193
1
Evaluation
194
10
Management
204
3
SELECTED DISORDERS OF THE WRIST AND FOREARM
207
14
Instability
207
2
Tendinitis
209
1
Peripheral Nerve Entrapments
210
6
Fractures
216
2
Miscellaneous Conditions
218
1
References
219
2
Chapter 10 -- Finger and Thumb Complaints
221
26
Context
221
1
General Strategy
221
1
Relevant Clinical Anatomy
222
1
Evaluation
223
5
Management
228
7
SELECTED DISORDERS OF THE FINGER, THUMB, AND HAND
235
12
Finger
235
7
Thumb
242
1
Arthritides
243
2
References
245
2
Chapter 11 -- Hip, Groin, and Thigh Complaints
247
26
Context
247
1
General Strategy
247
1
Relevant Anatomy
248
1
Evaluation
249
6
Management
255
5
SELECTED DISORDERS OF THE HIP, GROIN, AND THIGH
260
13
Hip
260
7
Groin
267
1
Thigh
268
2
References
270
3
Chapter 12 -- Knee Complaints
273
36
Context
273
1
General Strategy
274
1
Relevant Anatomy and Biomechanics
275
1
Evaluation
275
12
Management
287
10
SELECTED DISORDERS OF THE KNEE
297
12
Traumatic
297
5
Nontraumatic
302
6
References
308
1
Chapter 13 -- Lower Leg Complaints
309
14
Context
309
1
General Strategy
309
1
Relevant Anatomy
310
1
Evaluation
310
2
Management
312
1
SELECTED DISORDERS OF THE LOWER LEG AND POSTERIOR HEEL
313
10
Shin Splints
313
5
Tibial Stress Fracture
318
1
Compartment Syndrome
318
1
Achilles Tendinitis
319
1
Tennis Leg
320
1
References
321
2
Chapter 14 -- Foot and Ankle Complaints
323
34
Context
323
1
General Strategy
324
1
Relevant Anatomy and Biomechanics
324
2
Evaluation
326
9
Management
335
13
SELECTED FOOT DISORDERS
348
9
First Toe
348
2
Metatarsals
350
3
Other Conditions
353
2
References
355
2
Part II -- Neurologic Complaints
357
78
Chapter 15 -- Weakness
359
16
Context
359
1
General Strategy
359
2
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology
361
1
Evaluation
361
4
Management
365
4
SELECTED NEUROLOGIC AND MUSCULAR DISEASES
369
6
Bell's Palsy
369
1
Parkinson's Disease (Paralysis Agitans)
369
1
Multiple Sclerosis
370
1
Guillain-Barre Syndrome
371
1
Myasthenia Gravis
371
1
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
372
1
Syringomyelia
372
1
Neurofibromatosis
373
1
Muscular Dystrophy (Duchenne Type)
373
1
References
374
1
Chapter 16 -- Numbness and Tingling
375
8
Context
375
1
General Strategy
375
2
Relevant Anatomy
377
1
Evaluation
377
3
Management
380
2
References
382
1
Chapter 17 -- Headache
383
20
Context
383
1
General Strategy
383
1
Theories of Causation of Primary Headaches
384
7
Management
391
3
SELECTED HEADACHE DISORDERS
394
9
Migraine with Aura (Classic Migraine)
394
4
Migraine without Aura (Common Migraine)
398
1
Tension
398
1
Cervicogenic
399
1
Cluster
399
1
Temporal Arteritis
400
1
References
401
2
Chapter 18 -- Dizziness
403
20
Context
403
1
General Strategy
403
2
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology
405
1
Evaluation
406
4
Management
410
7
SELECTED CAUSES OF VERTIGO
417
6
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo
417
1
Meniere's Disease
417
1
Vestibular Neuronitis (Neuritis)
418
1
Labyrinthitis
418
1
Perilymphatic Fistula
419
1
Cervicogenic Vertigo
419
1
Acoustic Neuroma
420
1
References
420
3
Chapter 19 -- Seizures
423
12
Context
423
2
General Strategy
425
1
Definitions and Classifications
425
2
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology
427
1
Evaluation
427
2
Management
429
4
References
433
2
Part III -- General Concerns
435
92
Chapter 20 -- Depression
437
6
Context
437
1
General Strategy
437
1
Terminology and Classification
438
1
Evaluation
439
1
Management
440
1
References
441
2
Chapter 21 -- Fatigue
443
12
Context
443
1
General Strategy
443
1
General Discussion
444
1
Evaluation
445
2
Management
447
3
SELECTED DISORDERS PRESENTING AS FATIGUE
450
5
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
450
1
Fibromyalgia
450
1
Mononucleosis
451
1
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
452
1
References
452
3
Chapter 22 -- Fever
455
4
Context
455
1
General Strategy
456
1
Relevant Physiology
456
1
Evaluation
456
2
Management
458
1
References
458
1
Chapter 23 -- Sleep and Related Complaints
459
8
Context
459
1
General Strategy
459
1
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology
460
1
Classification System
460
1
Evaluation
461
1
Management
462
3
References
465
2
Chapter 24 -- Hypertension
467
8
Context
467
1
Relevant Physiology
467
1
General Strategy
468
1
Evaluation
468
2
Management
470
4
References
474
1
Chapter 25 -- Lower Leg Swelling
475
8
Context
475
1
General Strategy
475
1
Relevant Physiology and Anatomy
475
2
Evaluation
477
1
Management
477
1
SELECTED CAUSES OF LOWER LEG SWELLING
478
5
Acute Unilateral
478
2
Subacute or Chronic
480
2
References
482
1
Chapter 26 -- Lymphadenopathy
483
8
Context
483
1
General Strategy
483
1
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology
484
1
Evaluation
484
1
Management
485
2
SELECTED CAUSES OF LYMPHADENOPATHY
487
4
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
487
1
Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
487
1
Hodgkin's Disease
488
1
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
488
1
References
489
2
Chapter 27 -- Skin Problems
491
10
Context
491
4
General Strategy
495
1
Evaluation
496
4
Management
500
1
References
500
1
Chapter 28 -- Vaccination: A Brief Overview
501
6
OPV (Polio)
502
1
MMR (Focus on Measles)
502
1
DTP (Focus on Pertussis)
502
1
Summary
503
1
SOME CHILDHOOD DISEASES
503
4
Measles (Rubeola)
503
1
German Measles (Rubella)
504
1
Varicella (Chicken Pox)
504
1
Mumps
505
1
References
505
2
Chapter 29 -- Weight Loss
507
8
Context
507
1
General Strategy
507
1
Relevant Physiology
508
1
Evaluation
509
1
Management
510
3
References
513
2
Chapter 30 -- Weight Gain
515
8
Context
515
1
General Strategy
515
1
Evaluation
516
1
Management
516
1
Reference
516
7
Chapter 31 -- Osteoporosis
523
4
Context
523
1
General Strategy
523
1
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology
524
1
Evaluation
524
1
Management
525
1
References
526
1
Part IV -- Gastrointestinal Complaints
527
40
Chapter 32 -- Abdominal Pain
529
22
Context
529
1
General Strategy
529
1
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology
530
1
Evaluation
531
6
Management
537
1
SELECTED CAUSES OF ACUTE ABDOMINAL PAIN
537
7
Appendicitis
537
3
Cholecystitis/Cholelithiasis
540
1
Ureteral Stone
541
1
Pancreatitis
542
1
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
542
1
Ectopic Pregnancy
543
1
SELECTED CAUSES OF RECURRENT ABDOMINAL PAIN
544
7
Upper Abdominal Pain
544
1
Lower Abdominal Pain
545
2
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
547
1
Dysmenorrhea
548
2
References
550
1
Chapter 33 -- Constipation
551
8
Context
551
1
General Strategy
551
2
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology
553
1
Evaluation
553
1
Management
554
1
References
555
4
Chapter 34 -- Diarrhea
559
8
Context
559
1
General Strategy
559
2
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology
561
1
Evaluation
561
2
Management
563
3
References
566
1
Part V -- Genitourinary Complaints
567
22
Chapter 35 -- Urinary Incontinence and Voiding Dysfunction
569
8
Context
569
1
General Strategy
569
1
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology
570
1
Evaluation
570
1
Management
571
2
References
573
4
Chapter 36 -- Enuresis
577
6
Context
577
1
General Strategy
577
1
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology
578
1
Evaluation
578
1
Management
579
2
References
581
2
Chapter 37 -- Vaginal Bleeding
583
6
Context
583
1
General Strategy
583
1
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology
583
1
Evaluation
584
1
Management
584
3
References
587
2
Part VI -- Cardiopulmonary Complaints
589
60
Chapter 38 -- Syncope/Presyncope
591
4
Context
591
1
General Strategy
591
1
Relevant Physiology
591
1
Evaluation
592
2
Management
594
1
References
594
1
Chapter 39 -- Chest Pain
595
18
Context
595
1
General Strategy
595
1
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology
596
4
Evaluation
600
3
Management
603
1
SELECTED CAUSES OF CHEST PAIN
603
10
Cardiac
603
4
Noncardiac, Musculoskeletal
607
3
Noncardiac, Visceral
610
2
References
612
1
Chapter 40 -- Palpitations
613
12
Context
613
1
General Strategy
613
1
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology
614
1
Evaluation
614
4
Management
618
1
POSSIBLE CAUSES OF PALPITAIONS
618
7
Paroxysmal Sinus Tachycardia
618
4
Mitral Valve Prolapse Syndrome
622
1
Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome
622
1
References
623
2
Chapter 41 -- Dyspnea (Difficulty Breathing)
625
12
Context
625
1
General Strategy
625
2
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology
627
1
Evaluation
627
2
Management
629
1
SELECTED CAUSES OF DYSPNEA
630
7
Asthma
630
3
Emphysema
633
1
Pulmonary Embolism
633
1
Pneumothorax
634
1
Congestive Heart Failure
635
1
References
635
2
Chapter 42 -- Cough
637
12
Context
637
1
General Strategy
637
1
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology
638
1
Evaluation
638
3
Management
641
1
SELECTED CAUSES OF COUGH
642
7
Pneumonia
642
1
Pulmonary Tuberculosis
642
3
Postnasal Drip
645
1
Chronic Bronchitis
646
1
Bronchogenic Carcinoma
646
1
References
647
2
Part VII -- Head and Face Complaints
649
54
Chapter 43 -- Eye Complaints
651
14
Context
651
1
Review of General Terminology
652
1
General Strategy
652
1
Evaluation
653
3
Management
656
3
SELECTED CAUSES OF VISION LOSS
659
6
Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma
659
1
Open-Angle Glaucoma
659
1
Cataracts
660
1
Age-Related Macular Degeneration
661
1
Retinitis Pigmentosa
661
1
Amaurosis Fugax
662
1
Optic Neuritis
662
1
References
663
2
Chapter 44 -- Facial Pain
665
8
Context
665
1
General Strategy
665
1
Relevant Neurology
666
1
Evaluation
666
1
Management
667
1
FACIAL PAIN CAUSED BY NEURALGIAS
668
5
Trigeminal
668
1
Glossopharyngeal
668
3
Atypical Face Pain
671
1
References
671
2
Chapter 45 -- Ear Pain
673
10
Context
673
1
General Strategy
673
1
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology
673
1
Evaluation
674
2
Management
676
3
SELECTED CAUSES OF EAR PAIN
679
4
Barotrauma
679
1
Serous Otitis Media
679
1
Acute Otitis Media
680
1
Chronic Otitis Media
680
1
Cholesteatoma
681
1
Otitis Externa
681
1
References
682
1
Chapter 46 -- Hearing Loss
683
8
Context
683
1
General Strategy
683
1
Relevant Anatomy/Physiology
683
1
Evaluation
684
2
Management
686
3
SELECTED CAUSES OF HEARING LOSS
689
2
Otosclerosis
689
1
Prebycusis
689
1
References
690
1
Chapter 47 -- Tinnitus
691
6
Context
691
1
General Strategy
691
1
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology
691
1
Evaluation
692
1
Management
692
3
References
695
2
Chapter 48 -- Epistaxis (Nosebleed)
697
2
Context
697
1
General Strategy
697
1
Relevant Anatomy
697
1
Evaluation
698
1
Management
698
1
References
698
1
Chapter 49 -- Sore Throat
699
4
Context
699
1
General Strategy
699
1
Evaluation
700
1
Management
701
1
References
701
2
Part VIII -- Special Conditions
703
38
Chapter 50 -- Diabetes Mellitus
705
8
Context
705
1
General Strategy
706
1
Relevant Physiology
706
3
Evaluation
709
1
Management
709
1
References
710
3
Chapter 51 -- Thyroid Dysfunction
713
10
Context
713
1
General Strategy
714
1
Relevant Physiology
714
1
Evaluation
714
1
Laboratory Testing and Management
715
2
SELECTED THYROID DISORDERS
717
6
Graves' Disease
717
1
Hashimoto's Disease
717
1
Subacute Thyroiditis (De Quervain's Thyroiditis)
718
1
Silent Thyroiditis
718
1
Acute Thyroiditis
719
1
Riedel's Thyroiditis
719
1
Thyroid Cancer
720
1
References
720
3
Chapter 52 -- Hyperlipidemia
723
6
Context
723
1
General Strategy
723
1
Relevant Physiology
723
1
Evaluation
724
1
Management
725
3
References
728
1
Chapter 53 -- Anemia
729
12
Context
729
1
General Strategy
729
1
Relevant Physiology
730
1
Management
731
1
SELECTED ANEMIAS
732
9
Microcytic and Normocytic Anemias
732
4
Macrocytic Anemias
736
2
References
738
3
Index
741