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Tables of Contents for Optical Communication Receiver Design
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Preface
ix
Acknowledgments
xi
Glossary
xiii
Optical Communications
Introduction
1
1
Fiber-Optic Systems
2
8
Optical Fiber
4
5
Fiber Coupling Considerations
9
1
Free-Space Systems
10
10
Choice of Laser Technology
13
2
Spatial Pointing and Tracking Considerations
15
5
References
20
4
System Performance
Analog and Digital Optical Communications
24
2
The Link Budget
26
12
Link Budget for the Fiber-Optic Channel
29
5
Link Budget for the Free-Space Channel
34
4
Specifying an Analog Receiver's Performance
38
3
Specifying a Digital Receiver's Performance
41
3
The Receiver Sensitivity Budget
44
2
References
46
3
Photodetection
The Detection of Optical Signals
49
1
Photon Counting
50
4
Modeling Photodetection
54
5
Photocurrent Statistics
59
4
Ideal Direct Detection
63
2
Ideal Coherent Detection
65
4
References
69
2
Photodetectors
Photomultipliers
71
2
Photoconductors
73
9
The p-n Photodiode
82
11
Metal-Semiconductor Photodiodes
93
3
The p-i-n Photodiode
96
6
The Avalanche Photodiode
102
8
Small Signal Equivalent Circuit Model for a Photodetector
110
7
References
117
4
Receiver Noise Modeling
Fundamentals of Noise Analysis
121
4
Noise Sources in an Optical Receiver
125
1
Electronics Noise
126
13
Thermal-noise
126
3
Electronic Shot-Noise
129
2
1/f Noise
131
1
Noise Model of an Electronic Amplifier
132
7
Photodetector Dark-Current Noise
139
1
Photodetector Thermal-Noise
139
1
Photoconductor Generation-Recombination Noise
140
2
APD Excess Noise
142
4
Optical Excess-Noise
146
4
Laser Intensity-Noise
147
2
Modal-Noise
149
1
Mode-Partition-Noise
150
1
Optical Background Noise
150
2
Noise Equivalent Circuit for an Optical Receiver
152
4
Degradation from the Quantum Shot-Noise Limited Noise-Density
156
1
Total Equivalent Noise Power in the Receiver
157
8
Broad-Band Systems
158
1
Narrow-Band Systems
158
1
Base-Band Digital Systems
159
6
Noise Equivalent Power and Detectivity
165
1
References
166
7
Receiver Front-End Design
Front-End Architectures
173
28
Low Impedance Voltage Amplifier
173
10
High-Impedance Amplifier
183
3
Transimpedance Amplifier
186
9
Noise-Matched or Resonant Amplifiers
195
6
Amplifier Circuit Design
201
11
Bipolar Transistor Amplifiers
201
4
FET Amplifiers
205
5
Transimpedance of a Single-Stage Amplifier
210
2
Multistage Amplifiers
212
5
References
217
6
Receiver Performance Analysis
Digital Demodulation
223
6
Digital Signaling Formats
226
3
Direct Detection Digital Receivers
229
28
Ideal Photon Counting On-Off Keying
230
3
Receiver Noise, Pulse Shaping Filters, and the Eye Diagram
233
6
OOK with a p-i-n Photodetector Front-End
239
9
OOK with an APD Front-End
248
9
Coherent Detection Digital Receivers
257
16
Modulation Formats and Demodulators for Coherent Receivers
261
10
Linewidth Effects
271
2
Optically Preamplified Digital Receivers
273
11
ASK or OOK with an Optically Preamplified Receiver
279
4
Preamplified Receivers for FSK and DPSK
283
1
Clock Recovery
284
2
Analog Receivers
286
6
Reported Receiver Sensitivities
292
3
References
295
16
Index
311