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Tables of Contents for Microsoft Windows 2000 Performance Tuning Technical Reference
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Tables
xiv
Dedication and Acknowledgments
xv
Introduction
xvii
PART I An Overview of Performance Tuning and Optimization
Introduction to Performance Tuning and Optimization
3
10
Why Is PTO Important?
4
3
Lower Equipment Costs
4
1
Increased User Productivity
5
1
Improved User Attitude
5
1
Greater Reliability Due to Lower Equipment Stress
5
1
Reduced Application Errors
6
1
Reduced Administrator Troubleshooting Time
6
1
Overview of the Performance Console
7
2
What Is a Bottleneck?
9
1
Processor Bottlenecks
9
1
Memory Bottlenecks
9
1
Disk Bottlenecks
9
1
Network Bottlenecks
10
1
What Is Capacity Planning?
10
1
PTO and the Internet
10
1
Summary
11
2
The Microsoft Windows 2000 Kernel
13
26
Executive Service
14
8
User Mode versus Kernel Mode
15
1
Understanding the Executive Exported Functions
15
2
An Overview of Executive Components
17
2
Working with Executive Objects
19
1
Synchronization Issues
20
2
Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL)
22
4
How the HAL Affects Performance
24
1
Understanding the I/O Hierarchy
24
1
Understanding the I/O Manager and Kernel Mode Device Drivers
25
1
Windows 2000 Subsystems
26
7
Environment Subsystems
27
6
Windows 2000 Managers
33
3
I/O Manager
33
1
LPC Facility
34
1
Object Manager
35
1
Security Reference Manager
35
1
Virtual Memory Manager
35
1
Windows 2000 Applications
36
2
Win32 Application
36
1
POSIX Application
37
1
OS/2 Application
37
1
Summary
38
1
Processes and Threads and Memory Management
39
32
Understanding Processes and Threads
40
11
Processes Define the Application
41
1
Threads Are Application Laborers
42
9
Ways to View Processes and Threads
51
11
Task Manager
51
3
System Monitor
54
2
Computer Management
56
1
Developer Tools
57
5
Prioritizing Processes and Threads
62
2
Multiprocessing and Performance
64
3
Two Processors Don't Equal Twice the Performance
65
1
Symmetric versus Asymmetric Multiprocessing
65
1
Understanding Application Multiprocessing Requirements
66
1
Microsoft Windows 2000 Memory Model
67
1
Virtual Memory Management
68
1
Summary
69
2
Performance Monitoring in Microsoft Windows 2000
71
44
Using the Microsoft Management Console
72
3
View Real-Time Performance Data from the Comfort of Your Computer Screen
73
1
Analyze Data Collected Either Currently or Previously in a Counter Log
74
1
Ability to View Collected Data in Various Views
74
1
Understanding Performance Counters, Objects, and Instances
75
12
Objects and Instances
76
5
Selecting Counters to Monitor
81
2
Overview of Important Performance Counters
83
4
Monitoring Legacy Programs
87
2
Monitoring Other Computers
89
6
Reducing Overhead
94
1
Interpreting Performance Data
95
17
Setting How Often to Monitor
96
1
Exploring System Monitor Views
97
3
Chart View
100
3
Report View
103
1
Performance Log and Alerts Views
104
7
Exporting Performance Data
111
1
Summary
112
3
PART II Battle of the Bulge: Handling Bottlenecks
Diagnosing Processor Bottlenecks
115
20
What Is a Processor Bottleneck?
116
8
Quantifying a Processor Bottleneck
117
2
Testing for Processing Bottlenecks
119
5
Processor-Bound Application Types
124
2
Potential Solutions for Processor Bottlenecks
126
4
Check for Simple Problems First
126
1
Remove Unneeded Services
127
3
Perform Task Scheduling
130
1
Current Processor Technology Overview
130
2
Future Directions in Processor Technology
132
2
Summary
134
1
Diagnosing Memory Bottlenecks
135
26
Understanding and Using Memory
136
14
Memory and Its Acronyms
136
6
How Microsoft Windows 2000 Uses Memory
142
8
Reliability Considerations for Memory
150
2
Detecting Memory Bottlenecks
152
3
Using Task Manager to Monitor Processes
152
2
Monitoring Memory Problems with System Monitor
154
1
Creating Memory-Related Alerts
155
1
Configuration Solutions for Memory Bottlenecks
155
5
Efficient Use of Virtual Memory
156
2
Turning Off Unneeded Services
158
1
Disk Optimization, A Hidden Performance Boost
158
2
Summary
160
1
Diagnosing Disk Bottlenecks
161
36
What Is a Disk Bottleneck?
164
2
Detecting Disk Bottlenecks
166
12
Using Disk Defragmenter as an Analysis Tool
166
5
Checking Your Hardware
171
3
Using System Monitor to Find Disk Problems
174
4
Disk-Bound Application Types
178
1
Potential Solutions for Disk Bottlenecks
179
2
Using New Disk Technologies
181
8
Working with Storage Area Networks (SANs)
181
5
Working with Zip and Jaz Drives
186
2
Working with Solid State Drives (SSDs)
188
1
Comparing Disk-Formatting Technologies
189
4
Disk Mirroring
191
1
Disk Duplexing
191
1
Drive Striping
192
1
RAID-5
192
1
Summary
193
4
Part III Tuning the Network
Network Problems
197
44
Overview of Network Bottleneck Sources
199
14
Operating System Sources
200
8
Local Machine Sources
208
1
Remote Node Sources
209
2
Other Sources
211
2
Overview of Network Topology Limitations
213
7
Theoretical versus Real-World Performance
214
2
Understanding Fiber-Optic Performance Characteristics
216
2
Performance and Aging
218
2
Understanding Network Component Interactions
220
4
User-Oriented Network Bottleneck Solutions
224
2
Monitoring Network Performance
224
1
Training Network Users
224
1
Setting Network Security
225
1
Monitoring Network Application Performance
225
1
Other User-Oriented Network Influences
226
1
Hardware-Oriented Network Bottleneck Solutions
226
6
Ensuring It Works
227
1
Using Vendor-Supplied Drivers
228
3
Widening the Pipe
231
1
Quality Does Make a Difference
232
1
Software-Oriented Network Bottleneck Solutions
232
8
Operating System versus Application Problems
233
1
Understanding Authentication Choices in DCOM
234
4
A Look at Bindings
238
1
A Look at Providers
239
1
Summary
240
1
Microsoft Active Directory Services and Tuning
241
40
Active Directory Terminology and Structure
242
6
Schema
242
1
Object
243
1
Scope
243
1
Namespace
243
1
Container
244
1
Tree
244
1
Name
244
2
Domain Tree
246
1
Forest
246
1
Site
247
1
Partition
247
1
Global Catalog
248
1
Active Directory Deployment
248
7
Active Directory Installation
249
6
Active Directory Management
255
4
Active Directory Users and Computers
256
1
Active Directory Sites and Services
256
1
Active Directory Domains and Trusts
256
1
ADSI (Active Directory Service Interfaces)
257
2
Active Directory Performance Issues
259
4
Replication Issues
259
1
Directory Roaming
260
1
Active Directory Services and Applications
261
2
Active Directory Replication
263
5
Windows NT Replication
263
1
Directory Replication through Multimaster Replication
264
2
Keeping Track of Updates
266
1
Intrasite Replication
267
1
Intersite Replication
267
1
Global Active Directory Replication (Enterprise Networks)
268
1
Network Issues
268
4
Site Links
268
2
Active Directory Replication Traffic
270
2
DNS Services
272
1
Active Directory Database Sizing and Fragmentation
272
2
Database Size
273
1
Database Defragmentation
273
1
Monitoring Active Directory Activity
274
4
Summary
278
3
PART IV Other Tuning Considerations
New Tuning Features in Microsoft Windows 2000
281
38
Disk Quotas and Accounting
282
2
Web Site Support
284
16
Process Throttling
285
4
Bandwidth Throttling
289
4
Process Accounting
293
5
HTTP Compression
298
2
Improved Multiprocessor Support
300
6
Multiprocessing Myths Exposed
301
1
Reconfiguring Your Server for Multiprocessor Support
302
4
12O Support
306
2
Overview of the 120 Standard
306
1
Overview of the 120 Processor
307
1
Networking Needs
308
8
Working with Quality of Service (QoS) Settings
308
7
Understanding the Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP)
315
1
Summary
316
3
Capacity Planning
319
32
Deciding What Level of Performance You Need
320
7
Relationship Between Capacity and Performance
322
1
System Losses and Performance
322
3
Considering a Load's Effect on Performance
325
2
Adding Reliability to Your Performance Picture
327
16
Reliability and Windows 2000 Specific Features
327
4
Application Reliability Effects
331
2
Reliability and Hardware
333
4
Dependable Networking Technologies
337
1
Manual versus Automatic Reliability Features
338
5
Understanding Vendor Claims versus Real-World Performance
343
2
Creating a Graphical Representation of Your Network
345
2
Looking for Performance Bottlenecks
347
2
Summary
349
2
Microsoft Windows 2000 and Its Versions
351
26
Overview of the Windows 2000 Versions
353
8
Windows 2000 Server
354
2
Windows 2000 Advanced Server
356
4
Windows 2000 Datacenter Server
360
1
General Server Tuning Techniques
361
12
Quick Tips for Small Gains
362
5
Taking Out the Trash
367
3
Creating Permanent Pagefiles
370
3
Special Tuning Concerns for Advanced Server
373
1
Special Tuning Concerns for Datacenter Server
374
2
Summary
376
1
Microsoft Windows 2000 and Clustering
377
28
How Cluster Service Can Help You
377
1
Benefits of Clustering Under Windows 2000
378
3
Scalability
378
1
High Availability
379
1
Manageability
380
1
Resource Fallover and Network Load Balancing
381
2
Understanding Resource Fallover and Fallback
381
1
Understanding Network Load Balancing
382
1
Guidelines for Creating a Cluster
383
1
Additional Information Needed Before Installation Begins
383
1
Installing Cluster Service
384
5
Network Failure Detection
389
1
Clustered Environment Scenarios
389
6
Hot Spare
389
1
State Load Balancing
390
1
Virtual Server (No Fallover)
391
2
Hybrid Cluster
393
1
Partial Server Cluster
394
1
Managing a Windows 2000 Server Cluster
395
4
Cluster Administrator Tool
395
1
Command Line Administration
396
3
Third-Party Support for Cluster Service
399
3
Cluster Resources
401
1
Cluster Application
402
1
Summary
402
3
Microsoft Windows 2000 and the Internet
405
38
Internet Information Services 5.0
405
11
Installing IIS 5.0
406
1
Performance and Reliability
407
1
Clustering and IIS
407
2
Processor Throttling
409
1
Bandwidth Throttling
410
1
Process Accounting
411
2
Application Protection
413
1
Socket Pooling
414
1
HTTP Compression
415
1
Tuning IIS 5.0
416
6
Performance Bar
416
1
Application Response
417
1
Logging Only When Needed
418
1
Network Configuration and Settings
419
3
Performance Tuning Active Server Pages
422
3
Session Timeout
424
1
Enable Buffering
424
1
ASP Threads and Script Engines
424
1
Performance Testing Your Web Site
425
14
Windows Media Load Simulator
425
4
Web Capacity Analysis Tool
429
7
Windows Application Stress Tool
436
3
Summary
439
4
PART V Special Tuning Tool
Microsoft Windows 2000 Resource Kit Performance Tools
443
34
Installation Overview
444
3
A Look at the Additional Components Option
447
3
Microsoft Applications Option
448
2
3rd Party Applications Option
450
1
An Overview of Performance Tools
450
26
Clear Memory
451
1
ClusterSentinel
452
1
Counter List
453
1
CPU Stress
454
2
CPU Usage in Processes
456
1
Disk Alignment Tool
457
1
Empty Working Set
458
1
Extensible Performance Counter List
458
1
Leaky Application
459
1
List Loaded Drivers
460
2
Page Fault Monitor
462
2
PerfMon Chart Setting Editor
464
1
Performance Data Block Dump Utility
465
2
Performance Data in the Command Window
467
1
Performance Meter
467
2
Performance Monitor 4
469
1
Perf Monitor
469
2
Program Timer
471
1
Time Ordered Processes
471
1
Total Processors
472
2
Virtual Address Dump
474
2
Summary
476
1
Third-Party Tuning Tools
477
28
Shareware Tools
478
11
Fundelete
481
1
PsKill
482
1
Portmon
483
2
Smartline DeviceLock
485
3
TOTALidea WinRAM Booster
488
1
General Administration Tools
489
4
CyberSafe Log Analyst
491
1
Seagate Crystal Reports 6
492
1
Hardware-Oriented Tools
493
7
Executive Software Diskeeper
495
1
Norton CleanSweep
496
2
Norton Utilities
498
1
PowerQuest ServerMagic and DriveCopy
499
1
TouchStone Checkit
500
1
Network-Specific Tools
500
3
Integraph SmartSketch LE
501
2
Summary
503
2
Glossary
505
20
Index
525