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Tables of Contents for Images of Japanese Society
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
List of Abbreviations
xiii
List of Tables
xvii
List of Figures
xxi
Preface
xxv
Japanese Society: Stereotypes and Realities
1
18
The Recent Interest in Understanding Japanese Society
1
6
Competing Images of Japanese Society
7
3
Some Doubts Concerning the Consensus or Group Model of Japanese Society
10
2
Improving Our Perceptions of Japanese Society
12
5
The Importance of Having More Accurate Images of Japanese Society
17
2
PART ONE: TWO VIEWS: COMPETING IMAGES OF JAPANESE SOCIETY
19
78
The Great Tradition: Theories of Uniformity and Consensus in Japanese Society
21
43
The Holistic Approach to Japanese Studies in English
22
17
Anthropological Studies and the Search for a Rational Whole
23
4
The Modernization Approach and the Conferences on Japan
27
5
The Return to Neo-holistic Conceptions of Japanese Society
32
4
The Learn-from-Japan Boom
36
3
The Holistic View of Japanese Society in Japanese Literature
39
15
`National Culture'
41
3
Democratization Theory
44
3
Modernization Theory
47
2
Neo-holistic Theories of National Character
49
3
Theories of the Internationalization of Japanese Society
52
2
Some Common Themes in the Holistic Approach
54
10
An Overview
54
2
The Promotion of Cultural Relativism
56
8
The Little Traditions: Theories of Conflict and Variation in Japanese Society
64
20
Conflict as a Continuing Theme in Japanese Scholarship
64
7
An Overview of Conflict in Japanese Society
64
5
Citizens' Movements
69
2
The Concern with Structured Social Inequality
71
11
Social Policy
71
3
Poverty and Economic Exploitation
74
6
The Labor Movement
80
2
Some Common Themes in the Little Traditions
82
2
The Distribution of the Conservative and Radical Traditions in Japanese Studies
84
13
The Question of Larger Traditions and Paradigms
84
2
The Distribution of the Two Paradigms in Japanese Studies
86
5
Conflict, Class and Integration: the Limitation of Holistic and Conflict Models
91
6
PART TWO: SKEPTICISM: THREE REASONS FOR DOUBTING THE VALIDITY OF NIHONJINRON
97
92
Some Empirical Findings at Odds with the Group Model
99
30
Some General Findings
99
7
The Presence of Conflict
106
9
Popular Disturbances in Postwar Japan
106
5
A Comparison of Industrial Conflict in Japan and Australia
111
3
Rethinking Group Theories of Japanese Society
114
1
Income Distribution
115
13
Variation over Time
116
3
Cross-sectional Variation
119
9
The Need for Empirical Research
128
1
Some Methodological Misgivings About the Group Model
129
27
Sources of Skepticism: Basic Methodological Lacunae
130
13
Sampling
130
3
Conceptual Ambiguity
133
6
The Unconcern with Methodology
139
4
Further Information on Methodology in Japanology
143
12
Nihonjinron as a Methodology: a Content Analysis
143
8
Kotowaza as a Data Base: an Evaluation
151
4
Conclusions
155
1
Toward a Sociology of Japanology
156
33
Perspectives from the Sociology of Knowledge
156
2
A Functional Framework for Evaluating the Comparative Study of Japanese Society
158
10
Japanese Academic Life and the Generation of Nihonjinron
158
5
The Foreign Researcher
163
5
The Ideological Framework for Japanology
168
18
In the Service of Specific Interests
169
8
The Role of the Japanese Government
177
4
The US-Japan Relationship
181
4
Orientalism
185
1
Japan as a Self-fulfilling Prophecy
186
3
PART THREE: THE OBVERSE: TALES OF ANOTHER JAPAN
189
84
The Autonomous Individual
191
20
Introduction
191
4
Leaders and Heroes
195
5
Gravitation toward Individual Activity
200
5
Privacy and Private Property as Key Values
205
3
Personhood and the Japanese Language
208
2
Conclusions
210
1
The Contractual Relationship
211
23
Introduction
211
5
The Written Word
216
3
The Contractual Relationship
219
8
Social Distance and the Struggle to Associate
227
4
Some Cultural Origins of the `Dry' Relationship
231
2
Conclusions
233
1
Social Control: Cormorants or Falcons?
234
39
Introduction
234
5
Controls with Various Degrees of Coercion
239
13
Watchdogs and Monitors
239
4
Indicative Planning and Informal Direction
243
2
Regulation
245
2
Physical Violence
247
5
The Fine Blend of Controls
252
12
Controls within the Business Corporation
252
4
Socialization and Social Control in the Educational System
256
7
Minimal Deviancy and Social Structure
263
1
Cormorant Fishing and Falconry as Contrastive Analogies
264
3
Conclusions
267
6
PART FOUR: MULTIPLE DIMENSIONS: TOWARD A COMPARATIVE FRAMEWORK FOR THE STUDY OF JAPANESE SOCIETY
273
102
Social Stratification as a Point of Departure
275
17
Introduction
275
2
Social Classes in Japanese Society
277
2
Social Mobility
279
2
Suggestions from Nakane and the Role of the Firm
281
7
Toward a Synthetic Model of Social Stratification
288
4
Multidimensional Stratification Framework for the Comparative Study of Japanese Society
292
36
Societal Rewards and the Social Ranking of Individuals
292
12
Societal Rewards: Toward a Definition
292
1
Types of Reward
293
7
Models Which Emphasize the Typology of Rewards
300
4
Differentiation and the Stratification Variables
304
5
Roles and Individuals
304
2
The Agents of Stratification
306
2
Models Which Emphasize Agents of Stratification
308
1
Formalization of the Multidimensional Stratification Model
309
5
The Stratification Model and the Concept of Social Class
314
8
Stratification and the Study of Japanese Society
322
6
The Stratification Framework in a Japanese Context
328
32
Societal Rewards in the Japanese Context
328
14
Income as Specific to Time and Place
328
8
The Importance of Particularistic Demands within the Japanese Setting
336
2
Social Control and Reward Fungibility
338
4
Inequality and the Differentiation of Behavior
342
14
Political Attitudes
342
7
The Male-Female Wage Differential
349
2
Language
351
1
The Crime Rate
352
1
Other Applications
353
3
Conclusions
356
4
Testing the Stratification Model: Some Empirical Evidence
360
15
Introduction
360
4
Some Initial Findings
364
8
The Ranking of Job Situations
364
3
Visual Associations
367
1
Semantic Differentials
367
2
Criteria for Choosing a Job
369
3
Some General Conclusions
372
3
PART FIVE: RELEVANCE AND NEW DIRECTIONS: THE FUTURE OF JAPANESE STUDIES
375
58
Internationalization and Japanese Society
377
28
Introduction
377
2
Internationalism in Japan
379
4
The International in Japanese Political Culture
383
5
Internationalization as a Problem of National Self-identity
388
5
Internationalization and Japanese Society: an Australian Perspective Once Removed
393
3
False Images and International Isolation: Some Consequences
396
4
Internationalization and the Study of Japanese Society
400
5
The Future of Japanese Studies
405
28
Nihonjinron as a Social Construction: a Summary
405
3
Methodological Considerations
408
6
Toward a Methodology for the Study of Japanese Society
414
4
Toward the Internationalization of Japanese Studies
418
6
The Study of Japan as a Personal Concern: Research as a Set of Choices
424
6
Toward a Moratorium on Nihonjinron
430
3
APPENDIX: METHODOLOGY FOR THE SURVEY OF JOB SITUATIONS
433
21
I Operationalization
433
9
II The Tabulations
442
2
III Sampling Procedures
444
3
IV Some First-order Statistics
447
7
Notes
454
19
References
473
71
Index
544