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Tables of Contents for New Party Politics
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
PREFACE
xiii
ABOUT THE AUTHORS
xvi
INTRODUCTION: RETHINKING POLITICAL PARTIES IN THE INFORMATION AGE
1
15
Notes
13
3
1 POLITICAL PARTIES IN AN AMERICAN SETTING
16
23
Political Parties: Institutions Americans Love to Hate
17
4
Comparatively Speaking: Political Party Development in a Comparative Setting
18
3
Praise from the Ivory Tower
21
1
Politics without Parties
22
1
The Parties Speak: Gejdenson versus White on the Importance of Political Parties
23
1
Three Important Party Distinctions
23
1
How Parties Differ from Other Organizations
24
1
The Components of American Political Parties
25
1
Does the Tripod Work in the Information Age?
26
3
What Do Political Parties Seek to Accomplish?
29
3
The Battle of the Titans: Hamilton versus Jefferson
32
4
Like God, Parties Are Not Dead
36
1
Further Reading
36
1
Notes
37
2
2 THE ASCENDANCE OF PARTY POLITICS
39
25
The Pre-Party Era
40
1
The Colonial Experience
40
5
Comparatively Speaking: Comparing Representation and the Bases for Party Competition
43
2
Nascent Parties: Federalists versus Republicans
45
4
Party Rule: 1824-1912
49
2
Breakdown and Renewal: The Election of 1824
51
1
The Jackson-Van Buren Alliance
52
1
The Rise of Mass-Based Politics and the Emergence of the Spoils System
53
2
The Interregnum: Parties and the Civil War
55
2
The Coming of the Machine
57
4
The Parties Speak: A Day in the Life of Party Boss George Washington Plunkitt
59
1
The Parties Speak: Lyndon B. Johnson and Richard J. Daley on Patronage
60
1
Parties "American Style"
61
1
Further Reading
62
1
Notes
62
2
3 THE DECLINE OF PARTY POLITICS
64
37
Comparatively Speaking: Dealignment and Party Decline in Different Settings
66
2
"Clean It Up!": The Progressive Movement
68
1
Enter the Progressives
69
10
The Parties Speak: Robert M. LaFollette, Sr. "The Menace of the Machine" (1897)
73
6
Why the Progressive Movement Was Successful
79
3
An End to Party Politics?
82
2
Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal
84
1
The New Deal and Party Politics
85
1
Political Parties and the Cold War
86
2
The Rise of Interest Groups
88
1
The Interest Group Explosion
89
2
The Rise of Candidate-Centered Politics
91
1
Party Activist versus Professional Consultant
91
2
The Parties Speak: Ed Rollins and the "Campaign from Hell"
92
1
Party Member versus Nonpartisan Candidate
93
1
Party Affiliation versus Voting Choice
94
1
A Partyless Age?
94
4
The Parties Speak: "Mr. Mayor, You Could Have Used a Machine"
95
3
Further Reading
98
1
Notes
99
2
4 PARTY ORGANIZATIONS IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY
101
27
Comparatively Speaking: The Greens and Party (Dis)Organization
103
2
Organizational Adjustment and Growth
105
1
The Rebirth of the Republican National Committee
106
2
The Democratic National Committee Plays Catch-Up
108
1
New Technologies in the Information Age
109
2
Summary
111
1
The Emergence of Legislative Campaign Committees
112
1
The Hill Committees
113
2
State Legislative Campaign Committees
115
3
The Parties Speak: Congressman David Price on the Role of Party in Campaigns
116
2
Wither the Local Parties?
118
1
Evidence of Local Party Renewal
118
4
The Parties Speak: Party Leaders Voice Concerns about Legislative Campaign Committees
119
3
Evidence of Local Party Decline
122
1
Revivalists versus Declinists
122
3
Conclusion
125
1
Further Reading
125
1
Notes
126
2
5 NOMINATING PRESIDENTS IN THE INFORMATION AGE
128
37
What Kind of President?
129
5
From John Adams to George W. Bush: The Problem of Presidential Selection
134
8
The Parties Speak: Alexander Hamilton on Choosing an American President
135
3
The Parties Speak: Politics Drowns in a Sea of Reforms
138
2
Comparatively Speaking: Nominating Candidates: Contrasting U.S. Democrats with German Social Democrats
140
2
Hamilton's Family versus Jefferson's Community
142
1
The King-Making Caucuses
142
1
Enter the Party Conventions
142
3
The Rise of Haeliltonian Nationalism
145
1
The McGovern-Fraser Commission
146
7
The Parties Speak: Newsweek's Evan Thomas Reflects on Robert F. Kennedy's Life and Legacy
148
5
Are Primaries and Caucuses Representative?
153
1
Republicans Follow the McGovern-Fraser Lead
154
3
The Unintended Consequences of the McGovern-Fraser Reforms
157
1
The Mikulski and Winograd Commissions
158
1
Enter the Superdelegates
159
1
Looking to 2004
160
2
Further Reading
162
1
Notes
163
2
6 PARTY BRAND LOYALTY AND THE AMERICAN VOTER
165
37
Comparatively Speaking: Party Identification-Is There Brand Loyalty Elsewhere?
167
3
The Importance of Party Identification
170
3
Measuring Party Identification
173
2
Is Party Identification Obsolete?
175
1
The Making of an Idea: Party Realignment
175
1
V.O. Key and Party Realignment
176
4
The Parties Speak: V.O. Key and the Theory of Party Realignment
177
3
Party Realignment: The Death of a Concept?
180
5
The Parties Speak: Everett C. Ladd, "Like Waiting for Godot, the Uselessness of Party Realignment"
184
1
Where Are the Voters Going?
185
1
The End of the New Deal Coalition
186
1
Here Come the Ticket-Splitters
186
2
Party Coalitions during the George W. Bush Era
188
2
The Gender Gap
190
4
Divided Government
194
3
What's Left for the Parties?
197
1
Further Reading
198
1
Notes
198
4
7 STATE AND LOCAL PARTIES: "MOM AND POP" SHOPS IN THE INFORMATION AGE
202
36
State and Local Parties in the Information Age
204
1
Regulating State Parties
204
1
Party Structure
205
6
Comparatively Speaking: Regionalism and Political Parties
206
5
A Network of Allied Party Groups
211
2
Who Belongs?
213
1
Primary Voters
214
2
The Blanket Primary Controversy
216
3
Officials in the Party Organization
219
2
Activists
221
1
Summary
221
1
Local Political Culture
221
4
The Parties Speak: The "Amateur Democrats"
224
1
What State and Local Parties Do
225
1
Manifest Party Functions
225
2
State Parties in Legislative Campaigns
227
2
State and Local Parties, Computers, and the Internet
229
1
Desktop Tools
229
1
State Parties on the Internet
229
1
Computers and Money to the Rescue?
230
4
Appendix: Democratic and Republican State Committee Web Sites, Spring 2003
234
1
Further Reading
235
1
Notes
235
3
8 CAMPAIGN FINANCE AND INFORMATION AGE POLITICAL PARTIES
238
40
A Brief Look at Money in Elections
240
1
Phase 1: Money as a Supplement to Party Activities (1790's to 1880's)
240
1
Phase 2: The Rise of Corporate Politics (1880's to 1950's)
241
2
Phase 3: Media-Centered Elections (1960's to the Present)
243
3
Comparatively Speaking: Comparative Campaign Finance
245
1
Efforts to Regulate the Flow of Money in Elections
246
2
Meaningful Reform: Watergate and Federal Reforms
248
2
A Challenge in the Courts: Buckley v. Valeo
250
2
The Rise of PACs
252
2
Creative Party Finances in the Information Age
254
3
The Parties Speak: Buying Loyalty: Bill Frist Has Relied on Money as Much as Charm to Make Political Friends
256
1
Issue Advocacy
257
1
Independent Expenditures
258
2
Hard and Soft Money
260
2
Transfers to State Party Committees
262
1
McCain and Feingold Have Their Day: Reforming the Reforms
263
11
The Parties Speak: The Debate on Campaign Finance Reform
265
9
The Future of Party Finance in America
274
1
Further Reading
275
1
Notes
276
2
9 ELECTED OFFICIALS: THE RELUCTANT SALES FORCE OF THE PARTY SYSTEM
278
27
The Parties Speak: The 1994 House Republicans' Contract with America
280
1
The President as Party Leader
281
2
The Party in Congress
283
8
Comparatively Speaking: From Elections to Governing: Government Coalition Formation
286
3
The Parties Speak: Toward a More Responsible Two-Party System
289
2
The Contract with America
291
6
The Parties Speak: Constance Morella on the Rise of Partisanship in the House of Representatives
296
1
The Rise of the Public Speakership
297
2
Congress and the "Little Arts of Popularity"
299
4
Further Reading
303
1
Notes
303
2
10 THIRD PARTIES AND THE INFORMATION AGE: THE ORPHANS OF AMERICAN POLITICS
305
47
The Third-Party Paradox
308
4
Comparatively Speaking: Does Minor Party Success Elsewhere Suggest Third-Party Success Here?
310
2
Institutional Barriers
312
6
American Political Culture
318
3
The Momentum of History
321
4
The Parties Speak: Benjamin C. Bubar, 1976 and 1980 Prohibition Party Presidential Nominee
323
2
Significant Third Parties in American History
325
1
The Anti-Mason Party
326
1
The Free-Soil Party
326
1
The American (Know-Nothing) Party
327
1
The Greenback and Populists (People's) Parties
328
2
The Progressives: 1912-1924
330
2
The Parties Speak: William Jennings Bryan's "Cross of Gold" Speech Presented to the Democratic National Convention, Chicago, Illinois, July 8, 1896
331
1
Henry Wallace and the Progressive Party of 1948
332
2
State's Rights Party (1948) and the American Independent Party (1968)
334
1
The Reform Party
335
1
The Green Party
336
3
The Parties Speak: A Conversation between Ralph Nader and The American Prospect Magazine Editor Robert Kuttner
337
2
Third Parties in the Information Age
339
1
An Explosion of Minor Parties
339
2
Changes in Voter Attitudes toward Minor Parties
341
2
Minor Parties and the Internet
343
2
Jefferson, Hamilton, and the Future of Third Parties in America
345
3
The Parties Speak: Ventura Win Marks Dawn of New Era: Age of Digital Politics
346
2
Further Reading
348
1
Notes
348
4
CONCLUSION: HAMILTON'S TRIUMPH AND THE ADVENT OF THE "BASE-LESS" PARTY SYSTEM
352
17
The 2002 Election and the "Base-Less" Party System
357
4
Comparatively Speaking: Conclusion
361
3
Party Politics in the Twenty-First Century
364
1
Voter Trends
364
1
Organizational Developments
364
1
Legislative Politics
365
1
New Laws
365
1
Minor Parties
365
1
Notes
366
3
INDEX
369