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Tables of Contents for Land Degradation in Mediterranean Environments of the World
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
List of figures
xi
4
List of plates
xv
3
List of tables
xviii
3
Contributors
xxi
2
INTRODUCTION
xxiii
Arthur Conacher
Jeanette Conacher
About this Book
xxiii
1
What is "Mediterranean"?
xxiv
4
The Structure of this Book
xxviii
PART I THE NATURE OF THE WORLD'S MEDITERRANEAN-TYPE ENVIRONMENTS
3
168
1 IBERIAN PENINSULA AND BALEARIC ISLANDS
3
26
Maria Sala
Celeste Coelho
Introduction
3
1
The Land
3
12
The People
15
3
The Economy
18
8
Administrative and Social Conditions
26
1
Cultural Life
27
2
2 THE SOUTH OF FRANCE AND CORSICA
29
12
Jean-Louis Ballais
Introduction
29
1
The Land
29
6
The People
35
2
The Economy
37
1
Administrative and Social Conditions
38
1
Culture and Recreation
38
3
3 ITALY
41
16
Marino Sorriso-Valvo
Introduction
41
1
The Land
41
9
The People
50
1
The Economy
51
4
Administration and Social Conditions
55
1
Education
55
1
Culture and Recreation
55
2
4 THE CROATIAN ADRIATIC COAST
57
10
Jela Bilandzija
Matija Frankovic
Drazen Kaucic
Introduction
57
1
The Land
57
6
The People
63
1
The Economy
63
1
Administrative and Social Conditions
64
1
Culture and Recreation
65
2
5 GREECE
67
12
C.S. Kosmas
N.G. Danalatos
A. Mizara
Introduction
67
1
The Land
67
7
The People
74
1
The Economy
74
2
Administration and Social Conditions
76
3
6 THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN
79
12
Moshe Inbar
Introduction
79
2
The Land
81
5
The People, Economy, Administration and Social Conditions
86
5
7 NORTH AFRICA
91
18
Abdellah Laouina
Introduction
91
2
The Land
93
10
The People
103
2
The Economy
105
2
Administration and Social Conditions
107
1
Culture
108
1
8 GREATER CALIFORNIA
109
14
Antony Orme
Amalie Jo Orme
Introduction
109
1
The Land
109
9
The Human Context
118
5
9 CHILE
123
16
Consuelo Castro
Mauricio Calderon
Introduction
123
1
The Land
123
7
The People
130
1
The Economy
131
4
Administrative and Social Conditions
135
4
10 THE SOUTHWESTERN CAPE OF SOUTH AFRICA
139
16
Michael E. Meadows
Introduction
139
1
The Land
140
8
The People
148
1
The Economy
149
3
Administrative and Social Conditions
152
1
Cultural Life
153
2
11 SOUTHERN AUSTRALIA
155
16
Arthur Conacher
Jeanette Conacher
Introduction
155
1
The Land
156
5
The People
161
3
The Economy
164
2
Administrative and Social Conditions
166
1
Culture and Recreation
167
4
PART II PROBLEMS OF LAND DEGRADATION
171
188
INTRODUCTION
171
4
Arthur Conacher
12 THE MAIN PROBLEMS OF LAND DEGRADATION: THEIR NATURE, EXTENT AND SEVERITY. 1. EROSION AND SOIL DETERIORATION, FLOODING, VEGETATION LOSS AND DEGRADATION
175
42
Accelerated Erosion
176
12
Floods
188
4
Sedimentation and River Changes
192
3
Other Forms of Soil Degradation
195
6
Vegetation Loss and Degradation
201
16
13 THE MAIN PROBLEMS OF LAND DEGRADATION: THEIR NATURE, EXTENT AND SEVERITY. 2. DROUGHT, WATER SHORTAGES AND WATER QUALITY, AND OTHER FORMS OF DEGRADATION
217
20
Drought
218
1
Water Shortages
219
5
Water Pollution
224
8
Air Pollution
232
1
Industrial and Urban Wastes
233
1
Loss of Agricultural Land
233
1
Degradation of Coastal Areas
234
3
14 THE HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF LAND DEGRADATION IN THE MEDITERRANEAN WORLD
237
30
The Iberian Peninsula
238
2
South of France and Corsica
240
1
Italy
241
2
The Croatian Adriatic Coast
243
1
Greece
244
1
The Eastern Mediterranean
245
5
North Africa
250
4
California
254
1
Chile
255
2
The Southwestern Cape
257
4
Southern Australia
261
6
15 THE CAUSES OF LAND DEGRADATION. 1. THE NATURE OF THE BIOPHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
267
18
Introduction
268
1
Climate
269
7
Topography
276
1
Lithology and Pedology
277
8
16 THE CAUSES OF LAND DEGRADATION. 2. VEGETATION CLEARING AND AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES
285
24
Introduction
286
1
Clearing of Vegetation, Mainly for Agriculture
286
5
Agricultural Practices, Forestry
291
18
17 THE CAUSES OF LAND DEGRADATION. 3. OTHER HUMAN ACTIONS
309
26
Human Actions and Coastal Erosion
310
2
Introduction of Exotic Plants
312
1
Introduced Plant Diseases and Pests
313
1
Fire
314
3
Urbanization, Industrialization and Tourism
317
7
Polluting Activities
324
3
Social and Policy Factors Responsible for Land Degradation
327
8
18 SOME BROADER IMPLICATIONS OF LAND DEGRADATION
335
24
Introduction
336
1
Ecological Implications of Land Degradation
336
11
Some Economic and Social Implications of Land Degradation
347
8
Some Other Considerations
355
4
PART III SOLUTIONS TO LAND DEGRADATION
359
100
INTRODUCTION
359
2
Arthur Conacher
19 SOLUTIONS DEALING WITH ANIMALS, CULTIVATION AND HORTICULTURAL PRACTICES
361
16
Solutions Dealing with Animals
362
3
Solutions Dealing with Cultivation and Horticultural Practices
365
12
20 TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS
377
20
The Iberian Peninsula
378
1
South of France and Corsica
378
1
Italy
378
2
Greece
380
1
The Eastern Mediterranean
381
3
North Africa
384
5
California
389
1
Chile
390
1
The Southwestern Cape
391
1
Southern Australia
391
6
21 VEGETATION-RELATED SOLUTIONS
397
18
The Iberian Peninsula
398
1
South of France and Corsica
398
2
Italy
400
2
The Croatian Adriatic Coast
402
1
Greece
402
1
The Eastern Mediterranean
402
1
North Africa
403
2
California
405
1
Chile
406
1
The Southwestern Cape
407
1
Southern Australia
408
7
22 ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AGENCY AND POLICY SOLUTIONS. 1. THE MEDITERRANEAN BASIN
415
12
Introduction to Chapters 22 and 23
415
2
The Iberian Peninsula and the European Union
417
3
South of France and Corsica
420
1
The Croatian Adriatic Coast
421
1
Greece
421
1
The Eastern Mediterranean
422
1
North Africa
423
4
23 ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AGENCY AND POLICY SOLUTIONS. 2. THE NEW WORLD
427
22
California
428
5
Chile
433
1
The Southwestern Cape
434
4
Southern Australia
438
11
24 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
449
10
The Problems of Land Degradation
449
1
The Historical Development of Land Degradation in Mediterranean Regions
450
2
Causes of Land Degradation Problems
452
2
Implications of Land Degradation
454
1
Solutions
454
5
References
459
24
Index
483