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Tables of Contents for Pharmacology
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
SECTION 1 GENERAL PRINCIPLES
2
92
1. How drugs act: generol principles
2
17
Drugs in medicine
2
1
The binding of drug molecules to cells
3
10
Drug antogonism
13
3
Desensitisation and tachyphylaxis
16
3
2. How drugs act: molecular aspects
19
28
Targets for drug action
19
4
Receptor proteins
23
1
Receptor families: structure and signal transduction mechanisms
24
20
Control of receptor expression
44
1
Receptors and disease
44
3
3. Method and measurement in pharmacology
47
14
Bioassay
47
6
Clinical trials
53
4
Measurement of toxicity
57
4
4. Absorption and distribution of drugs
61
17
Translocation of drug molecules
61
7
Drug disposition
68
7
Special drug delivery systems
75
3
5. Drug elimination and pharmokinetics
78
16
Drug metabolism
78
6
Renal excretion of drugs and drug metabolites
84
2
Biliary excretion and enterohepatic circulation
86
1
Pharmacokinetics
87
7
SECTION 2 CHEMICAL MEDIATORS
94
156
6. Chemical mediators and the autonomic nervous system
94
16
Introduction
94
1
The peripheral nervous system
95
5
Some general principles of chemical transmission
100
5
Mechanisms of transmitter release
105
2
Termination of transmitter action
107
1
Basic steps in neurochemical transmission -- sites of drug action
108
2
7. Cholinergic transmission
110
29
Muscarinic and nicotinic actions of acetylcoline
110
3
Physiology of cholinergic transmission
113
4
Effects of drugs on cholinergic transmission
117
1
Drugs affecting muscarinic receptors
118
5
Drugs affecting autonomic ganglia
123
2
Neuromuscular-blocking drugs
125
5
Drugs that enhance cholinergic transmission
130
9
8. Noradrenergic transmission
139
25
Classification of adrenoceptors
139
3
Physiology of adrenergic transmission
142
4
Drugs acting on adrenoceptors
146
10
Drugs that affect adrenergic neurons
156
8
9. Other peripheral mediators: 5-hydroxytryptamine and purines
164
13
5-hydroxytryptamine
164
10
Purines
174
3
10. Peptides and proteins as mediators
177
11
General principles of peptide pharmacology
177
4
Biosynthesis and regulation of peptides
181
2
Peptide antoagonists
183
1
Proteins and peptides as drugs
184
2
Concluding remarks
186
2
11. Nitric oxide
188
10
Biosynthesis of nitric oxide and its control
188
3
Degradation and carriage of nitric oxide
191
1
Effects of nitric oxide
191
2
Therapeutic use of nitric oxide and nitric oxide donors
193
1
Inhibition of nitric oxide
193
1
Clinical conditions in which nitric oxide may play a part
194
4
12. Local hormones, inflammation and allergy
198
31
The acute inflammatory reaction and the immune response
199
10
Unwanted inflammatory and immune responses
209
1
The outcome of the inflammatory response
210
1
Mediators of inflammation and allergy
210
15
Potential therapies based on manipulation of the immune response
225
4
13. Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant drugs
229
21
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
229
7
Antirheumatoid drugs
236
3
Drugs used in gout
239
1
Antagonists of histamine
240
2
Immunosuppressant drugs
242
3
Possible future developments
245
5
SECTION 3 DRUGS AFFECTING MAJOR ORGAN SYSTEMS
250
214
14. The heart
250
28
Physiology of cardiac function
250
11
Drugs that affect cardiac function
261
17
15. The vascular system
278
23
Control of vascular smooth muscle tone
279
7
Drugs that affect vascular smooth muscle contraction
286
15
16. Atherosclerosis and lipoprotein metabolism
301
9
Lipoproteins and other risk factors for atherosclerosis
301
1
Lipoprotein transport in the blood
302
3
Lipid-lowering drugs
305
5
17. Haemostasis and thrombosis
310
18
Blood coagulation
311
3
Drugs that act on the coagulation cascade
314
6
Platelet adhesion and activation
320
3
Fibrinolysis (thrombolysis)
323
5
18. The haemopoietic system
328
10
Folic acid and vitamin B(12)
331
3
Haemopoietic growth factors
334
4
19. The respiratory system
338
13
The regulation of respiration
338
1
Drugs which affect respiration
339
1
Disorders of respiratory function
340
11
20. The kidney
351
19
The structure and function of the nephron
352
7
Drugs acting on the kidney
359
8
Drugs which alter the pH of the urine
367
1
Drugs which alter the excretion of organic molecules
367
3
21. The gastrointestinal system
370
15
The innervation and the hormones of the gastrointestinal tract
371
1
Gastric secretion
371
6
Vomiting
377
3
The motility of the gastrointestinal tract
380
3
Drugs for chronic inflammatory bowel disease
383
1
Drugs affecting the biliary system
383
2
22. The endocrine pancreas and the control of blood glucose
385
14
Pancreatic islet hormones
385
6
Control of blood glucose
391
1
Diabetes mellitus
391
8
23. Obesity
399
10
Background
399
1
Definition of obesity
399
1
The homeostatic mechanisms controlling energy balance
400
4
Obesity as a health problem
404
1
The pathophysiology of obesity
404
2
Pharmacological approaches to the problem of obesity
406
3
24. The pituitary and adrenal cortex
409
19
The pituitary
409
7
Adrenal steroids
416
12
25. The thyroid
428
8
Sythesis, storage and secretion of thyroid hormones
428
1
Regulation of thryoid function
429
1
Actions of the thyroid hormones
430
1
Transport and metabolism
431
1
Abnormalities of thyroid function
431
1
Drugs used in diseases of the thyroid
432
4
26. The reproductive system
436
18
Endocrine aspects
436
11
Drugs used for contraception
447
2
The uterus
449
5
27. Bone metabolism
454
10
Bone structure and composition
454
1
Bone remodelling
454
6
Disorders of bone
460
1
Durgs used in bone disorders
460
4
SECTION 4 THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
464
184
28. Chemical transmission and drug action in the central nervous system
464
6
Introduction
464
1
Chemical signalling in the nervous system
465
1
Targets for drug action
465
2
Drug action in the central nervous system
467
1
The classification of psychotropic drugs
468
1
Clinical use of psychotropic drugs
469
1
29. Amino acid transmitters
470
13
Excitatory amino acids (EAAs)
470
8
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
478
2
Glycine
480
3
30. Other transmitters and modulators
483
17
Noradrenaline
483
2
Dopamine
485
5
5-hyrdoxytryptamine
490
2
Acetylcholine
492
3
Histamine
495
1
Other CNS mediators
495
3
A final message
498
2
31. Neurodegenerative disorders
500
14
Introduction
500
1
Mechanisms of neuronal death
500
4
Alzheimer's disease
504
3
Parkinson's disease
507
5
Huntingdon's disease
512
1
Neurodegenerative prion disease
513
1
32. General anaesthetic drugs
514
14
Physicochemical theories of anaesthesia
516
1
The effects of anaesthetics on the nervous system
517
1
Effects on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems
518
1
Inhalation anaesthetics
519
3
Individual inhalation anaesthetics
522
2
Intravenous anaesthetic agents
524
4
33. Anxiolytic and hypnotic drugs
528
11
The nature of anxiety and measurement of anxiolytic activity
528
1
Classification of anxiolytic and hypnotic drugs
529
1
Benzodiazepines
530
6
Benzodiazepine antagonists
536
1
Buspirone
537
1
Barbiturates
537
1
Other potential anxiolytic drugs
537
2
34. Antipsychotic drugs
539
11
The nature of schizophrenia
539
3
Antipsychotic drugs
542
8
35. Drugs used in affective disorders
550
16
The nature of affective disorders
550
1
The monoamine theory of depression
550
3
Antidepressant drugs
553
11
Mood stabilisers
564
2
36. Antiepileptic drugs and centrally acting muscle relaxants
566
13
Epilepsy
566
4
Antiepileptic drugs
570
7
Muscle spasm and centrally acting muscle relaxants
577
2
37. Analgesic drugs
579
25
Neural mechanisms of pain sensation
579
10
Analgesic drugs
589
13
New approaches
602
2
38. Central nervous system stimulants and psychotomimetic drugs
604
10
Convulsants and respiratory stimulants
604
2
Psychomotor stimulants
606
5
Psychotomimetic drugs
611
3
39. Drug dependence and drug abuse
614
20
The nature of drug dependence
614
4
Nicotine and tobacco
618
5
Ethanol
623
7
Cannabis
630
4
40. Local anaesthetics and other drugs that affection channels
634
14
Introduction
634
1
Sodium and potassium channels of excitable membranes
634
4
Drugs that affect sodium channels
638
6
Agents that affect potassium channels
644
4
SECTION 5 CHEMOTHERAPY OF INFECTIOUS AND MALIGNANT DISEASE
648
98
41. Basic principles of chemotherapy
648
15
The molecular basis of chemotherapy
648
15
42. Cancer chemotherapy
663
22
The biology of cancer
664
4
General principles of action of cytotoxic anticancer drugs
668
2
Drugs used in cancer chemotherapy
670
10
Resistance to anticancer drugs
680
1
Drug effects on the cell cycle and the possible clinical applications
680
1
Treatment schedules
681
1
Techniques for dealing with emesis and myelosuppression
681
1
Possible future strategies for cancer chemotherapy
681
4
43. Antibacterial drugs
685
23
Antimicrobial agents which interfere with the synthesis or action of folate
688
2
Beta-lactam antibiotics
690
6
Antimicrobial agents affecting bacterial protein synthesis
696
4
Antimicrobial agents affecting topoisomerase II
700
2
Miscellaneous antibacterial agents
702
1
Antimycobacterial agent
703
4
Possible new antibacterial drugs
707
1
44. Antiviral drugs
708
12
Viral infection
708
5
General actions of antiviral drugs
713
4
Possible future developments in antiviral therapy
717
3
45. Antifungal drugs
720
5
Fungal infections
720
1
Drugs used for fungal infections
720
4
Potential new antifungal therapies
724
1
46. Antiprotozoal drugs
725
14
Host-parasite interactions
725
1
Malaria
726
2
Antimalarial drugs
728
7
Pneumocystis pneumonia and its treatment
735
1
Amoebiasis and amoebicidal drugs
735
1
Leishmaniasis and leishmanicidal drugs
736
1
Trypanosomiasis and trypanosomicidal drugs
737
1
Toxoplasmosis and toxoplasmocidal drugs
737
1
New approaches to antiprotozoal therapy
737
2
47. Anthelminthic drugs
739
7
Helminth infections
739
1
Anthelminthic drugs
740
6
SECTION 6 GENERAL TOPICS
746
38
48. Individual variation and drug interaction
746
11
Effects of age
746
2
Genetic factors
748
2
Idiosyncratic reactions
750
1
Effects of disease
751
1
Drug interactions
752
5
49. Harmful effects of drugs
757
18
Types of adverse drug reaction
757
3
Drug toxicity
760
15
50. Gene therapy
775
9
Technical aspects
776
3
Safety
779
1
Therapeutic aspects
780
4
APPENDIX THE MAIN PHARMACOLOGICAL AGENTS
784
7
INDEX
791