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Tables of Contents for Thinking Arabic Translation
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Acknowledgements
xi
Introduction
1
5
Preliminaries to translation as a process
6
9
Basic definitions
6
1
Inter-semiotic translation
7
1
Intralingual translation
8
2
Interlingual translation
10
5
Practical 1.1 Intralingual translation: `Today I attempted'
12
1
Practical 1.2 Gist translation:
13
2
Preliminaries to translation as a product
15
14
Degrees of freedom in translation
15
3
Interlinear translation
15
1
Literal translation
16
1
Free translation
16
1
Communicative translation
17
1
From interlinear to free translation
17
1
Equivalence and translation loss
18
11
Equivalence
19
2
Translation loss
21
2
Translation by omission
23
1
Translation by addition
24
1
Controlling translation loss
25
1
Practical 2.1 Literal vs balanced translation:
25
2
Practical 2.2 Degrees of freedom in translation:
27
2
Cultural transposition
29
11
Basic principles
29
1
Exoticism
29
2
Calque
31
1
Cultural transplantation
32
1
Cultural borrowing
32
3
Communicative translation
35
1
Transliterating names
35
5
Practical 3.1 Cultural transposition:
36
2
Practical 3.2 Cultural transposition:
38
2
Compensation
40
12
Basic principles
40
4
Categories of compensation
44
8
Practical 4.1 Compensation:
49
2
Practical 4.2 Compensation:
51
1
Denotative meaning and translation issues
52
14
Denotative meaning
52
7
Synonymy
52
2
Hyperonymy-hyponymy
54
2
Particularizing translation and generalizing translation
56
1
Partially overlapping translation
57
2
Semantic repetition in Arabic
59
7
Other forms of parallelism
62
1
Practical 5.1 Denotative meaning:
63
1
Practical 5.2 Denotative meaning and semantic repetition:
64
2
Connotative meaning and translation issues
66
14
Basic principles
66
1
Attitudinal meaning
66
2
Associative meaning
68
1
Affective meaning
69
1
Allusive meaning
70
1
Collocation and collocative meaning
71
1
Reflected meaning
72
1
Other types of connotative meaning
73
7
Practical 6.1 Collocation: (a)
74
1
Practical 6.2 Collocation: (b)
75
1
Practical 6.3 Connotative meaning:
75
2
Introduction to the formal properties of texts
77
3
Phonic/graphic and prosodic issues in translation
80
16
The phonic/graphic level
80
6
Alliteration, assonance, and rhyme
81
4
Onomatopoeia
85
1
The prosodic level
86
10
Rudiments of English and Arabic versification
88
1
English
89
1
Arabic
90
1
Translating Arabic verse
91
2
Practical 7.1 The phonic/graphic and prosodic levels:
93
2
Practical 7.2 The phonic/graphic level:
95
1
Grammatical issues in translation
96
17
Introduction
96
1
The grammatical level
96
17
Words
97
1
Grammatical arrangement
97
3
Morphological repetition
100
1
Pattern repetition
100
3
Root repetition
103
5
Suffix repetition
108
1
Lexical repetition
108
1
Lexical item repetition
109
2
Phrase repetition
111
1
Practical 8.1 Lexical item and other forms of repetition:
112
1
Sentential issues in translation
113
14
The sentential level
113
1
Textual variables on the sentential level
114
13
Prosodic features
114
2
Theme and rheme
116
1
Sentence stress
117
1
Emphatic preposing
118
1
Basic theme-rheme translation issues
119
1
Foregrounding and backgrounding
119
2
Interaction of theme-rheme and main-subordinate elements
121
3
Translation of Arabic coordinate clauses
124
1
Practical 9.1 Theme and rheme, and mainnes and subordination:
125
1
Practical 9.2 Theme and rheme, mainness and subordination, coordination:
126
1
Discourse and intertextual issues in translation
127
19
Introduction
127
1
The discourse level
127
11
Cohesion and coherence
128
8
Sentence splitting
136
1
Textual restructuring
137
1
Paragraphing
138
1
The intertextual level
138
8
Genre membership
139
2
Quotation and allusion
141
1
Practical 10.1 The discourse level: cohesive-device revision of
142
2
Practical 10.2 The discourse level:
144
2
Metaphor
146
16
Introduction
146
1
General definition of metaphor
147
3
Lexicalized metaphor and non-lexicalized metaphor
147
2
Categories of lexicalized metaphor
149
1
Categories of non-lexicalized metaphor
149
1
Basic translation techniques for metaphor
150
5
Dead metaphors
150
1
Stock metaphors
151
1
Recent metaphors
152
1
Non-lexicalized (conventionalized and original) metaphors
152
3
Extended and mixed metaphors
155
3
Metaphor downtoning
158
4
Practical 11.1 Metaphor downtoning:
159
2
Practical 11.2 Metaphor:
161
1
Language variety and translation: register, sociolect and dialect
162
13
Basic principles
162
1
Register
162
3
Tonal register
163
1
Social register
163
2
Sociolect
165
1
Dialect
166
3
Diglossia
167
2
Code-switching
169
6
Practical 12.1 Tonal register:
172
1
Practical 12.2 Code-switching:
173
2
Textual genre as a factor in translation
175
9
Introduction
175
3
Treatment of subject matter
178
1
Oral and written texts
179
5
Practical 13.1 Genre:
182
1
Practical 13.2 Genre:
183
1
Translating technical texts
184
12
Introduction
184
1
Lexical problems in technical translation
184
4
Conceptual problems in technical translation
188
1
Legality and accuracy
189
1
Generic features of English technical texts
190
2
Information sources
192
4
Practical 14.1 Translation of technical terms:
193
1
Practical 14.2 Technical translation:
194
2
Translating constitutional texts
196
11
Definition
196
1
General structure
196
7
Preamble
196
4
Main text
200
1
Subdivisions
200
2
Salient linguistic features of the main text
202
1
Concluding remarks
203
4
Practical 15.1 Constitutional translation:
203
2
Practical 15.2 Constitutional translation:
205
2
Translating consumer-oriented texts
207
10
Introduction
207
1
Tourist material
207
3
English-language tourist material
208
1
Arabic tourist material
208
2
Cultural stereotyping
210
2
Genre-mixing in consumer-oriented texts
212
5
Practical 16.1 Translation of consumer-oriented texts: consideration of `Fez has a lot to be proud of' ST and
213
2
Practical 16.2 Translation of consumer-oriented texts:
215
2
Revising and editing TTs
217
11
Introduction
217
1
Revision
218
3
Editing
221
7
Practical 17.1 Revising and editing:
223
2
Practical 17.2 Revising and editing:
225
3
Summary and conclusion
228
4
Glossary
232
12
References
244
6
Index
250