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Tables of Contents for The Microbiology of Activated Sludge
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Preface
ix
List of Contributors
xi
Introduction to the microorganisms found in activated sludge processes
1
43
R.J. Seviour
L.L. Blackall
Introduction
1
4
General features and characteristics of microbes relevant to activated sludge systems
5
1
What is microbiology?
6
1
How do we study microbes?
6
1
What are these microbes?
6
15
Microbial energetics
21
13
The growth and nutrition of microbes
34
9
Control and prevention of microbial growth
43
1
Conclusions
43
1
The activated sludge process
44
32
R.J. Seviour
K.C. Lindrea
P.C. Griffiths
L.L. Blackall
Introduction
44
2
Design configurations for activated sludge systems
46
16
Monitoring the process
62
6
Modelling the activated sludge process
68
6
The future of modelling activated sludge
74
2
The normal microbial communities of activated sludge plants
76
23
R.J. Seviour
Introduction
76
1
The floc
77
1
Factors affecting survival of an organism in activated sludge systems
78
2
Methods for studying microbial populations in activated sludge
80
3
Microbial community composition
83
15
Manipulations of the microbial community in activated sludge plants
98
1
Conclusions
98
1
Factors affecting the occurrence of filamentous bacteria in activated sludge plants
99
23
R.J. Seviour
Introduction
99
1
Reasons for inadequate solids separation in clarifiers
99
6
Which factors determine the filamentous populations in different plants?
105
16
Strategies for filament control and modelling their growth
121
1
Current taxonomic status of filamentous bacteria found in activated sludge plants
122
25
R.J. Seviour
L.L. Blackall
Introduction
122
3
Characters used in the classfication and identification of bacteria
125
2
How do we classify and identify the filamentous bacteria?
127
8
Current classifications of the filamentous bacteria
135
4
Current status of filament identification procedures
139
3
Future prospects for filament taxonomy
142
5
Bulking
147
14
L.L. Blackall
Introduction
147
1
The occurrence of bulking in activated sludge systems
147
3
The filaments responsible for bulking
150
3
Kinetic competition studies on cultures of bulking filamentous bacteria
153
2
Some theories to explain bulking
155
3
Control of bulking
158
1
Summary
159
2
Foaming
161
42
J. Soddell
Introduction
161
1
Which microbes cause foam?
162
10
Taxonomy of foam formers
172
10
How is foam formed?
182
4
Factors affecting growth of foam formers
186
3
Hydrophobic substrates
189
5
How do foam formers compete?
194
1
Control of foaming
195
6
Conclusions
201
2
The microbiology of nitrogen removal in activated sludge systems
203
24
L.L. Blackall
P. Burrell
Introduction
203
2
The microbiology of nitrogen removal
205
3
The autotrophic ammonia-oxidizing or nitroso bacteria
208
6
Autotrophic nitrite-oxidizing or nitro bacteria
214
5
Nitrification in activated sludge
219
3
Denitrification
222
5
Microbiological aspects of phosphorus removal in activated sludge systems
227
30
P.I. Bond
G.N. Rees
Introduction
227
1
The process of EBPR
228
2
Development of biochemical models for phosphorus removal
230
2
Evaluation of bacterial populations in EBPR activated sludge
232
4
The taxonomic status of the genus Acinetobacter and its relevance to EBPR
236
1
Is the behaviour of pure cultures in accordance with the models?
237
2
Filamentous bacteria in EBPR plants
239
1
Bacterial inhibition of EBPR
240
1
Inoculation of activated sludge with polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria
241
1
Biochemical events associated with EBPR
242
1
Do polyphosphate transformations account for the phosphorus flux?
242
2
Localization and structure of bacterial polyphosphate
244
1
Bacterial metabolism of polyphosphate
245
3
Bacterial phosphate transport
248
1
Possible functions of poly P in activated sludge
249
2
The structure and metabolism of PHA in activated sludge
251
2
Bacterial glycogen metabolism
253
1
The imperative nature of the anaerobic zone
254
2
Conclusions
256
1
Practical methods for the examination and characterization of activated sludge
257
44
K.C. Lindrea
E.M. Seviour
R.J. Seviour
L.L. Blackall
J.A. Soddell
Introduction
257
1
The light microscope
257
7
Measurement of dimensions of microbial cells
264
1
The electron microscope
265
1
The confocal laser microscope
265
1
Preparation of specimens for microscopy
266
3
Stains used for examination of activated sludge samples
269
10
Settlability tests and qualitative estimation of filamentous populations in mixed liquor and foam samples
279
2
Filament estimation techniques
281
3
Determination of surface hydrophobicity of solids in foaming activated sludge plants
284
1
Isolation of filamentous bacteria from activated sludge
284
1
Use of gene probes for the in situ identification of filamentous bacteria in activated sludge samples
285
6
Analysis of biomass microfauna to determine the sludge biotic index (SBI)
291
2
Collection of data from microscopic analysis and use of worksheets
293
8
Descriptions of the filamentous bacteria causing bulking and foaming in activated sludge plants
301
48
E.M. Seviour
R.J. Seviour
K.C. Lindrea
Identification of filamentous bacteria from microscopic examination of foam and mixed liquor samples
301
35
Other filamentous bacteria in activated sludge plants
336
5
Important non-filamentous bacterial populations in activated sludge plants
341
4
Unidentified filamentous bacteria in activated sludge samples
345
2
Other organisms seen in activated sludge
347
2
Glossary
349
5
References
354
56
Index
410