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Tables of Contents for Call and Response the Riverside Anthology of the African American Literary Tradition
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
PREFACE
xxxiii
I "Go Down, Moses, Way Down in Egypt's Land" African American History and Culture, 1619-1808 The Description of the Conditions of Slavery and Oppression Racial and Religious Oppression
1
210
CALL FOR DELIVERANCE: THE ORAL TRADITION Origins: African Survivals in Slave Folk Culture
28
41
PROVERBS
28
1
AFRICAN PROTOTYPES
28
1
SLAVE PROVERBS
28
1
SLAVE PROVERBS AND THEIR AFRICAN PARALLELS
29
1
THE FOLK CRY
29
2
THE SHOUT
31
1
'Ligion So Sweet
31
1
WORK SONGS AND OTHER SECULAR MUSIC
32
3
AFRICAN PROTOTYPE
32
1
An African Spinner's Song
32
1
EARLY SLAVE WORK SONGS
33
1
An Old Boat Song
33
1
ANTIPHONAL PATTERNS OF WORK SONGS
33
2
SPIRITUALS
35
24
African Prototypes of Lengthy Epic Narratives
35
7
FROM "Sunjata"
36
6
Spirituals as Lengthy Epic Narratives
42
2
"Go Down, Moses"
42
2
PRAISE POEMS
44
3
African Prototypes
45
1
Praise Poems of Epic Heroes
45
1
Griot's Praise Song FROM Banna Kanute's Sunjata
45
1
Mandingo People's Praise Song FROM Mamadou Kouyate's Sundiata
45
1
Hunter's Praise Song FROM Seydou Camara's Kambili
45
1
Praise Poems of Allah
46
1
Griot's Praise Poem of Allah FROM Seydou Camara's Kambili
46
1
Marabout's Prophecy FROM Banna Kanute's Sunjata
46
1
Spirituals as Praise Poems
46
1
"God is a God"
46
1
FROM "Didn't My Lord Deliver Daniel"
47
1
"Joshua Fit de Battle of Jericho"
47
1
SERMONS AND PRAYERS
47
2
African Prototypes
48
1
SERMONS IN EPIC NARRATIVES
48
1
Griot's Sermon FROM Seydou Camara's Kambili
48
1
SHORT PRAYERS IN EPIC NARRATIVES
48
1
Sologon's Prayer FROM Mamadou Kouyate's Sundiata
48
1
SHORT HYMNS IN EPIC NARRATIVES
48
1
"Niama" FROM Mamadou Kouyate's Sundiata
48
1
Spirituals as Sermons and Prayers
49
1
FROM "Humble Yo'self de Bell Done Ring"
49
1
"Keep Me from Sinking Down"
49
1
LYRICAL POETRY
49
2
African Prototypes
50
1
Griot's Chant FROM Shekarisi Rurede's The Mwindo Epic
50
1
Warrior Kanji's Lament FROM Seydou Camara's Kambili
50
1
Spirituals as Lyrical Poetry
50
1
"Were You There When They Crucified My Lord?"
50
1
"Motherless Child"
51
1
IMPROVISATIONS: THEME AND VARIATION, CALL AND RESPONSE, PERFORMANCE STYLES, RHYTHMS AND MELODIC STRUCTURES
51
8
African Antiphonal Patterns
53
1
An Old Bornu Song
53
1
Antiphonal Patterns in the Spirituals
53
1
"Lay Dis Body Down"
53
1
African Melodic Structures
54
1
DUPLE AND TRIPLE RHYTHMS
54
1
Melodic Structures in the Spirituals
55
4
AN EXAMPLE OF DUPLE RHYTHMS AND THE PENTATONIC SCALE
55
1
"Jesus on de Water-Side," FROM Slave Songs of the United States
55
1
AN EXAMPLE OF A SYNCOPATED MELODY WITH HAND CLAPPING AND FOOT TAPPING
56
3
"Nobody Knows de Trouble I've Had" FROM Slave Songs of the United States
56
1
A Spiritual Composed by Richard Allen
57
2
FOLKTALES
59
10
AFRICAN FOLKTALES
60
1
Animal Trickster Tales
60
1
"The Elephant and the Tortoise"
60
1
"Why the Hare Runs Away"
60
1
SLAVE FOLKTALES
61
4
Animal Trickster Tales
61
3
"Rabbit Teaches Bear a Song"
61
1
"T'appin" (Terrapin)
62
1
"Tar Baby"
63
1
Tales of Flying Africans
64
1
Two Tales
64
1
CONJURE TALES
65
1
Two Tales from Eatonville, Florida
65
1
VOODOO, GHOST, AND HAUNT TALES
66
3
"Voodoo and Witches"
66
1
"The Headless Hant"
66
3
RESPONSE: BLACK LITERARY DECLARATIONS OF INDEPENDENCE Poetry, Slave Narratives, Letters, Essays, and Oratory
69
142
VOICES OF SLAVE POETS
69
36
JUPITER HAMMON (1711-1806?)
69
21
"An Evening Thought: Salvation by Christ with Penetential [sic] Cries"
74
2
"An Address to Miss Phillis Wheatly" [sic]
76
4
"A Winter Piece"
80
10
LUCY TERRY (1730-1821)
90
2
"Bars Fight"
91
1
PHILLIS WHEATLEY (1753?-1784)
92
13
"On Being Brought from Africa to America"
98
1
"To the University of Cambridge, in New-England"
98
1
"Philis's [sic] Reply to the Answer in our last by the Gentleman in the Navy"
98
2
"To the Right Honorable William, Earl of Dartmouth, His Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for North-America, XXX c."
100
1
"To S. M. a young African Painter, on seeing his Works"
101
1
"On the Death of Rev. Mr. George Whitefield. 1770"
101
2
"On the Death of General Wooster"
103
1
To Arbour Tanner in New Port
104
1
To Samson Occom
104
1
VOICES OF SOCIAL PROTEST IN PROSE
105
106
THE CONFESSIONAL NARRATIVE
105
5
The Life and Confession of Johnson Green, Who Is To Be Executed this Day, August 17th, 1786, for the Atrocious Crime of Burglary
105
5
THE SLAVE NARRATIVE
110
46
BRITON HAMMON (?-?)
110
4
FROM Narrative of the Uncommon Sufferings, and Surprizing (sic) Deliverance of Briton Hammon, A Negro Man, Servant to General Winslow, of Marshfield, in New England; Who Returned to Boston, After Having Been Absent Almost Thirteen Years
113
1
OLAUDAH EQUIANO (1745-1797)
114
42
FROM The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano or Gustavus Vassa, the African, Written by Himself
120
36
Chapter 1
120
8
Chapter 2
128
9
Chapter 3
137
7
Chapter 10
144
3
Chapter 12
147
9
LETTERS AND ESSAYS
156
28
BENJAMIN BANNEKER (1731-1806)
156
4
Letter to Thomas Jefferson
158
2
PRINCE HALL (1735c.-1807)
160
8
A Charge, Delivered to the African Lodge, June 24, 1797
164
4
LEMUEL B. HAYNES (1753-1833)
168
16
"Liberty Further Extended"
171
8
"The Battle of Lexington"
179
5
VOICES OF ORATORS
184
27
The Sermon
184
27
ABSALOM JONES (1746-1818)
184
7
A Thanksgiving Sermon Preached January 1, 1808
187
4
JOHN MARRANT (1755-1790?)
191
13
A Sermon Preached on the 24th Day of June 1789
194
10
RICHARD ALLEN (1760-1831)
204
7
"An Address To Those Who Keep Slaves and Approve the Practice"
207
4
II "Tell Ole Pharaoh, Let My People Go" African American History and Culture, 1808-1865 The Explanations of the Desire for Freedom Repression and Racial Response
211
322
SOUTHERN FOLK CALL FOR RESISTANCE
235
10
FOLK POETRY: SLAVE SONGS OF REBELLION, THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD, AND EMANCIPATION
235
8
SPIRITUALS
235
5
"You Got a Right"
235
1
"There's a Better Day a Coming"
236
1
"Oh Mary, Don't You Weep"
236
1
"Steal Away"
236
1
"Swing Low, Sweet Chariot"
237
1
"Hail Mary"
237
1
"Many Thousand Gone"
238
1
"Wade in nuh Watuh Childun"
238
1
"Follow the Drinking Gou'd"
238
1
Sweet Canaan
239
1
"There's a Meeting Here Tonight"
239
1
"Master's in the Field"
239
1
"Michael Row the Boat Ashore"
240
1
"Before I'd Be a Slave" ("Oh, Freedom")
240
1
SECULAR SONGS
240
3
"JUba"
240
1
"Raise a Ruckus Tonight"
241
1
"We Raise de Wheat"
241
1
"One Time Upon Dis Ribber"
242
1
"Shuck Dat Corn Before You Eat"
242
1
"Roun'de Corn, Sally"
242
1
FOLKTALES
243
2
JOHN AND OLD MARSTER TALES
243
2
"Massa and the Bear"
243
1
"John Steals a Pig and a Sheep"
243
2
NORTHERN LITERARY RESPONSE: RIGHTS FOR BLACKS, RIGHTS FOR WOMEN
245
288
MAJOR ABOLITIONIST VOICES
245
126
DAVID WALKER (1785-1830)
245
13
FROM David Walker's Appeal, in Four Articles
248
10
Preamble
249
3
Article I. Our Wretchedness in Consequence of Slavery
252
6
SOJOURNER TRUTH (1979-99?-1883)
258
6
Speech at Akron Convention, Akron, Ohio, May 28-29, 1851; FROM Reminiscences by Frances D. Gage of Sojourner Truth
261
1
Speech at New York City Convention
262
1
Address to the First Annual Meeting of the American Equal Rights Association, New York City, May 9, 1867
263
1
HENRY HIGHLAND GARNET (1815-1882)
264
8
An Address to the Slaves of the United States of America
268
4
FREDERICK DOUGLASS (1817-1895)
272
63
Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass: An American Slave Written by Himself
276
43
"The Rights of Women"
319
1
"What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?" An Address Delivered in Rochester, New York, on 5 July 1852
320
15
ALEXANDER CRUMMELL (1819-1898)
335
10
"Hope for Africa"
338
2
"The Black Woman of the South: Her Neglects and Her Needs"
340
5
FRANCES WATKINS HARPER (1824-1911)
345
26
"The Slave Auction"
350
1
"The Slave Mother"
351
1
"Bury Me in a Free Land"
352
1
"Songs for the People"
352
1
"A Double Standard"
353
1
"Learning to Read" FROM Sketches of Southern Life.
354
1
"Aunt Chloe's Politics"
355
1
"Liberty for Slaves"
355
2
"The Two Offers"
357
6
"Women's Political Future"
363
2
FROM Iola LeRoy
365
1
Northern Experience
365
3
Diverging Paths
368
3
ABOLITIONIST ORATOR-POETS
371
19
GEORGE MOSES HORTON (1797-1883)
371
4
"The Slave's Complaint"
372
1
"On Liberty and Slavery"
373
1
"On Hearing of the Intention of a Gentleman to Purchase the Poet's Freedom"
374
1
JAMES WHITFIELD (1823-1871)
375
7
"America" FROM America and Other Poems
377
4
"Prayer of the Oppressed"
381
1
JAMES MADISON BELL (1826-1902)
382
8
"The Day and the War"
383
6
"Emancipation in the District of Columbia, April 16, 1862"
389
1
ABOLITIONIST ORATORS
390
28
THEODORE S. WRIGHT (1791-1847)
390
5
"The Progress of the Antislavery Cause"
392
3
MARIA W. STEWART (1803-1879)
395
18
FROM Religion and the Pure Principles of Morality, The Sure Foundation on Which We Must Build
399
5
Lecture, Delivered at the Franklin Hall, Boston, September 21, 1832
404
2
An Address Delivered at the Masonic Hall in Boston on February 27, 1833
406
2
Farewell Address
408
5
SARAH PARKER REMOND (1826-1894)
413
5
"The Negroes in the United States of America"
416
2
VOICES OF SOCIAL PROTEST IN PROSE
418
115
THE CONFESSIONAL NARRATIVE
418
14
NAT TURNER (1800-1831)
418
14
The Confessions of Nat Turner
420
12
THE FUGITIVE SLAVE NARRATIVE
432
32
HARRIET A. JACOBS (1813-1897)
432
32
FROM Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, Written by Herself
435
29
Preface by the Author
435
1
Chapter I. Childhood
435
2
Chapter II. The New Master and Mistress
437
3
Chapter VI. The Jealous Mistress
440
4
Chapter VII. The Lover
444
3
Chapter X. A Perilous Passage in a Slave Girl's Life
447
3
Chapter XVII. The Flight
450
1
Chapter XXI. The Loophole of Retreat
451
3
Chapter XXIX. Preparations for Escape
454
4
Chapter XXX. Northward Bound
458
6
ESSAYS, PAMPHLETS, LETTERS, AND JOURNALS
464
43
ROBERT PURVIS (1810-1898)
464
9
Appeal of Forty Thousand Citizens Threatened with Disfranchisement to the People of Pennsylvania
467
6
MARTIN R. DELANY (1812-1885)
473
16
FROM The Condition, Elevation, Emigration, and Destiny of the Colored People of the United States, Politically Considered
476
13
Chapter II. Comparative Condition of the Colored People of the United States
476
6
Chapter III. American Colonization
482
2
Chapter IV. Our Elevation in the United States
484
2
Chapter V. Means of Elevation
486
2
Chapter XVII. Emigration of the Colored People of the United States
488
1
Chapter XVIII. "Republic of Liberia"
488
1
CHARLOTTE L. FORTEN GRIMKE (1837-1914)
489
11
FROM The Journal of Charlotte Forten
493
7
"Interesting Letter from Miss Charlotte L. Forten"
497
3
ELIZABETH KECKLEY (?-1907)
500
7
FROM Behind the Scenes
503
4
THE WOMEN'S NARRATIVE
507
6
JARENA LEE (1783-?)
507
6
FROM Religious Experience and Journal of Mrs. Jarena Lee, Giving an Account of her Call to Preach the Gospel
509
4
THE NOVEL OR NEO-SLAVE NARRATIVE
513
20
WILLIAM WELLS BROWN (1815-1884)
513
9
FROM Clotelle: A Tale of the Southern States
515
7
Chapter II. The Negro Sale
515
2
Chapter X. The Quadroon's Home
517
1
Chapter XI. To-day a Mistress, To-morrow a Slave
518
2
Chapter XXV. The Flight
520
2
HARRIET E. ADAMS WILSON (1828?-1863?)
522
11
FROM Our Nig: Or, Sketches From the Life of a Free Black
525
8
Chapter IV. A Friend for Nig
525
3
Chapter X. Perplexities--Another Death
528
2
Chapter XII. The Winding Up of the Matter
530
3
III "No More Shall They in Bondage Toil" African American History and Culture, 1865-1915 The Description of the Manner of Escape from Slavery and the Considerations of Whether the New Freedom Is the Ideal Freedom Reconstruction and Post- Reconstruction
533
234
CALL FOR THE IDEAL FREEDOM: THE FOLK TRADITION
558
26
FOLK POETRY
558
23
SPIRITUALS
558
4
"Free at Las'"
558
1
"Singin' Wid a Sword in Ma Han'"
559
1
My Lord, What a Mornin'
560
1
"Deep River"
560
1
"Go Tell It on de Mountain"
561
1
"When the Saints Go Marching In"
561
1
"Git on Board, Little Chillen"
562
1
"Mighty Rocky Road"
562
1
WORK, BADMAN, AND PRISON SONGS
562
7
"Casey Jones"
562
1
"John Henry"
563
2
"Railroad Bill"
565
1
"Stagolee"
566
1
"John Harty"
567
1
"Po Laz' us"
568
1
RURAL BLUES
569
4
"The Joe Turner Blues"
571
1
"Gwine down Dat Lonesome Road"
571
1
"Baby Seals Blues"
571
1
"St. Louis Blues"
572
1
RAGTIME
573
1
"I Meet Dat Coon Tonight"
573
1
THE FOLK SERMON
574
7
REV. JOHN JASPER "De Sun Do Move"
574
5
ANONYMOUS "Dry Bones"
579
2
FOLKTALES
581
3
MEMORIES OF SLAVERY
581
1
"Swapping Dreams"
581
1
"Lias's Revelation"
581
1
"Big Sixteen"
582
1
PREACHER TALES
582
2
"The Three Preachers"
582
1
"The Wrong Man in the Coffin"
583
1
"The Preacher and His Farmer Brother"
583
1
RESPONSE: THE WRITTEN TRADITION
584
183
VOICES OF THE FOLK TRADITION
584
41
CHARLES W. CHESNUTT (1858-1932)
584
16
"The Goophered Grapevine"
587
7
"The Wife of His Youth"
594
6
PAUL LAURENCE DUNBAR (1872-1906)
600
16
"An Ante-bellum Sermon"
604
2
"When Malindy Sings"
606
2
"A Negro Love Song"
608
1
"The Party"
608
5
"Frederick Douglass"
613
1
"Sympathy"
614
1
"We Wear the Mask"
615
1
"The Poet"
615
1
"A Spiritual"
615
1
ALICE MOORE DUNBAR-NELSON (1875-1935)
616
5
"Sister Josepha"
618
3
FENTON JOHNSON (1888-1958)
621
4
"A Negro Peddler's Song"
623
1
"Aunt Jane Allen"
623
1
"The Banjo Player"
623
1
"Tired"
624
1
"The Scarlet Woman"
624
1
ORATORICAL VOICES OF RECONSTRUCTION, RACE, AND WOMEN'S RIGHTS
625
33
BLANCHE KELSO BRUCE (1841-1898)
625
2
Speech to the U.S. Senate on Mississippi Elections Delivered March 3, 1876
626
1
ROBERT BROWN ELLIOTT (1842-1884)
627
7
FROM "The Civil Rights Bill"
629
5
LUCY CRAFT LANEY (1854-1933)
634
4
"The Burden of the Educated Colored Woman"
635
3
ANNA JULIA COOPER (1858-1964)
638
3
"The Higher Education of Women" FROM A Voice from the South
641
8
Remarks before the 1893 World's Congress of Representative Women on the Status of the Black Women in the United States
649
2
FANNIE BARRIER WILLIAMS (1855-1944)
651
7
"The Intellectual Progress of the Colored Women of the United States Since the Emancipation Proclamation"
652
6
VOICES OF REFORM
658
109
AUTOBIOGRAPHY
658
30
BOOKER T. WASHINGTON (1856-1915)
658
30
FROM Up from Slavery
660
28
Chapter I. A Slave Among Slaves
660
7
Chapter III. The Struggle for an Education
667
6
Chapter VII. Early Days at Tuskegee
673
4
Chapter VIII. Teaching School in a Stable and a Hen-House
677
4
Chapter XIV. The Atlanta Exposition Address
681
7
WOMEN'S NARRATIVE
688
20
JULIA A. J. FOOTE (1823-1900)
688
10
FROM A Brand Plucked from the Fire
689
9
Chapter I. Birth and Parentage
689
2
Chapter II. Religious Impressions--Learning the Alphabet
691
1
Chapter III. The Primes--Going to School
692
1
Chapter IV. My Teacher Hung for Crime
692
1
Chapter XVIII. Heavenly Visitations Again
693
1
Chapter XIX. Public Effort--Excommunication
694
2
Chapter XX. Women in the Gospel
696
1
Chapter XXI. The Lord Leadeth--Labor in Philadelphia
697
1
FRANCES JACKSON COPPIN (1837-1913)
698
10
FROM Reminiscences of School Life
700
8
THE NOVEL, OR NEO-SLAVE NARRATIVE
708
16
PAULINE ELIZABETH HOPKINS (1859-1930)
708
16
FROM Contending Forces
711
13
Preface
711
1
Chapter VI. Ma Smith's Lodging-House--Concluded
712
5
Chapter VIII. The Sewing-Circle
717
7
VOICES OF ACTIVISM
724
43
IDA B. WELLS-BARNETT (1862-1931)
724
8
FROM Southern Horrors: Lynch Law in All Its Phases
726
6
W.E.B. DU BOIS (1868-1963)
732
45
FROM The Souls of Black Folk
737
30
Chapter I. Of Our Spiritual Strivings
737
5
Chapter III. Of Mr. Booker T. Washington and Others
742
6
Chapter XIV. Of the Sorrow Songs
748
6
"A Litany of Atlanta"
754
2
"The Song of the Smoke"
756
1
"The Niagara Movement: Address to the Country
757
2
"The Negro in Literature and Art"
759
3
"The Immediate Program of the American Negro"
762
5
IV "Bound No'th Blues" African American History and Culture, 1915-1945 "Play the Blues for Me" Renaissance and Reformation
767
296
FOLK CALL FOR POLITICAL AND SOCIAL CHANGE
797
32
FOLK POETRY
797
26
CLASSIC BLUES LYRICS
797
4
"Harlem Blues" (W. C. Handy)
798
1
FROM "That Thing Called Love" (Mamie Smith)
798
1
FROM "Tain't Nobody's Business If I Do" (Bessie Smith)
798
1
FROM "Nobody Knows You When You're Down and Out" (Bessie Smith)
799
1
FROM "Sissy Blues" (Gertrude "Ma" Rainey)
799
1
FROM "Wild Women Don't Have the Blues" (Ida Cox)
799
1
FROM "God Bless the Child" (Billie Holliday)
800
1
FROM "Fast Life Blues" (Bumble Bee Slim)
800
1
FROM "Coal Woman Blues" (Black Boy Shine)
800
1
RURAL BLUES LYRICS OF THE THIRTIES AND FORTIES
801
2
"Dry Spell Blues" (Eddie "Son" House)
801
1
FROM "Hard Time Blues" (Charlie Spand)
802
1
FROM "Honey, I'm All Out and Down" (Huddie "Leadbelly" Ledbetter)
802
1
"Hollerin' the Blues" (Big Bill Broonzy)
802
1
"Crossroad Blues" (Robert Johnson)
802
1
GOSPEL SONGS
803
3
"Take My Hand, Precious Lord" (Thomas A. Dorsey)
804
1
"When I Touch His Garment" (Langston Hughes and Jobe Huntley)
804
1
"If I Can Just Make It In" (Kenneth Morris)
805
1
JAZZ
806
3
Development of Jazz Techniques in Performance
806
3
RHYTHM, MELODY, AND HARMONY
806
1
IMPROVISATION
807
1
"(What Did I Do to Be So) Black and Blue" (Andy Razaf and Thomas "Fats" Waller)
807
1
SWING OR BIG BAND JAZZ
808
1
FROM "It Don't Mean a Thing If It Ain't Got That Swing" (Duke Ellington)
809
1
BOOGIE WOOGIE
809
2
"Pine Top's Boogie Woogie" (Clarence "Pine Top" Smith)
809
1
"Dream Boogie" (Langston Hughes)
810
1
BAD MAN AND PRISON SONGS
811
2
"Garvey"
811
1
"Champ Joe Louis" (Bill Gaither)
811
1
"This Mornin', This Evenin', So Soon"
811
1
"Slim Greer" (Sterling Brown)
812
1
TOASTS
813
6
"Shine and the Sinking of the Titanic" (a traditional version)
814
1
"Titanic"
814
1
"The Signifying Monkey"
815
3
"Stack O'Lee Blues"
818
1
FOLK SERMONS
819
4
FROM God's Trombones (James Weldon Johnson) "The Creation"
819
2
"Go Down Death--A Funeral Sermon"
821
2
FROM "Prachin The Blues"--A Mock Sermon (Bessie Smith)
823
1
FOLKTALE (COLLECTED BY ZORA NEALE HURSTON)
823
6
"High John De Conquer"
823
6
CALL FOR POLITICAL AND SOCIAL CHANGE
829
21
MARCUS GARVEY (1887-1940)
829
9
Speech on Disarmament Conference Delivered at Liberty Hall, New York, November 6, 1921
834
4
WALTER WHITE (1893-1955)
838
12
"I Investigate Lynchings"
841
9
CALL FOR CRITICAL DEBATE
850
16
THE ALAIN LOCKE-W.E.B. DU BOIS DEBATE ON THE THEORY OF BLACK ART
850
16
W.E.B. DU BOIS (1868-1963)
850
5
"Criteria of Negro Art"
850
5
ALAIN LOCKE (1886-1954)
855
11
"The New Negro"
859
7
RESPONSE VOICES OF THE HARLEM RENAISSANCE
866
127
POETS
866
57
JAMES WELDON JOHNSON (1871-1938)
866
8
Preface FROM The Book of American Negro Poetry
869
1
"O Black and Unknown Bards"
870
1
"The White Witch"
871
2
"Fragment"
873
1
ANNE SPENCER (1882-1975)
874
4
"Before the Feast at Shushan"
876
1
"White Things"
877
1
"Lady, Lady"
877
1
"Letter to My Sister"
877
1
"[God never planted a garden]"
878
1
CLAUDE MCKAY (1889-1948)
878
8
"The Tropics in New York"
883
1
"If We Must Die"
883
1
"Baptism"
883
1
"Tiger"
884
1
"America"
884
1
"Harlem Shadows"
884
1
"The Harlem Dancer"
885
1
"The White House"
885
1
"St. Isaac's Church, Petrograd"
886
1
LANGSTON HUGHES (1902-1967)
886
16
"The Negro Speaks of Rivers"
889
1
"Dream Variations"
890
1
"Sunday Morning Prophecy"
890
1
"The Weary Blues"
891
1
"Jazzonia"
892
1
"Life Is Fine"
892
1
"Daybreak in Alabama"
893
1
"Bound No'th Blues"
894
1
"Mother to Son"
894
1
"Madam's Past History"
895
1
"Ballad of the Landlord"
895
1
"Dream Boogie"
896
1
"Harlem"
897
1
"I, Too"
897
1
"Feet Live Their Own Life"
898
1
"The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain" FROM The Nation
899
3
GWENDOLYN BENNETT (1902-1981)
902
6
"Heritage"
905
1
"To a Dark Girl"
905
1
"Nocturne"
905
1
"To Usward"
906
1
"Street Lamps in Early Spring"
906
1
"Hatred"
907
1
"Fantasy"
907
1
"Secret"
907
1
COUNTEE CULLEN (1903-1946)
908
8
"Heritage"
910
3
"Scottsboro, Too, Is Worth Its Song"
913
1
"Colored Blues Singer"
914
1
"The Litany of the Dark People"
914
1
"Yet Do I Marvel"
915
1
"A Song of Praise"
915
1
"Not Sacco and Vanzetti"
916
1
HELENE JOHNSON (1907-)
916
7
"My Race"
919
1
"Sonnet to a Negro in Harlem"
919
1
"Bottled"
919
2
"Trees at Night"
921
1
"The Road"
921
1
"Magalu"
921
1
"Summer Matures"
922
1
"Fulfillment"
922
1
FICTION WRITERS
923
70
NELLA LARSEN (1891-1964)
923
19
FROM Quicksand
926
5
FROM Passing
931
11
Chapter One
931
1
Chapter Two
932
10
ZORA NEALE HURSTON (1891-1960)
942
13
"Spunk"
946
3
"Sweat"
949
6
JEAN TOOMER (1894-1967)
955
18
FROM Cane
958
15
"Karintha"
958
1
"Song of the Son"
959
1
"Fern"
960
3
"Portrait in Georgia"
963
1
"Seventh Street"
963
1
"Box Seat"
963
7
FROM "Kabnis"
970
3
RUDOLPH FISHER (1897-1934)
973
9
"Miss Cynthie"
975
7
ERIC WALROND (1898-1966)
982
11
"The Wharf Rats"
985
8
RESPONSE: VOICES OF THE REFORMATION
993
70
POETS
993
18
STERLING BROWN (1901-1989)
993
12
"When de Saints Go Ma'chin' Home"
995
3
"Southern Road"
998
1
"Ma Rainey"
999
2
"Memphis Blues"
1001
1
"Old Lem"
1002
2
"Strong Men"
1004
1
FRANK MARSHALL DAVIS (1905-1987)
1005
6
"Jazz Band"
1009
2
"Robert Whitmore"
1011
1
"Arthur Ridgewood, M.D."
1011
1
"Giles Johnson, Ph.D."
1011
1
FICTION WRITERS
1011
52
RICHARD WRIGHT (1908-1960)
1011
14
"Long Black Song"
1015
13
ANN PETRY (1908-)
1028
32
"Like a Winding Sheet"
1031
6
"Miss Muriel"
1037
23
CHESTER HIMES (1909-1984)
1060
3
"Marihuana and a Pistol"
1062
1
V "Win the War Blues" African American History and Culture, 1945-1960 "Play the Blues for Me" Post-Renaissance and Post-Reformation
1063
280
FOLK CALL FOR VICTORY AT HOME AND ABROAD
1091
17
FOLK POETRY
1091
13
URBAN BLUES LYRICS
1091
2
"Win the War Blues" (Sonny Boy Williamson)
1091
1
"Hitler Blues" (The Florida Kid)
1091
1
"Eisemhower Blues" (J. B. Lenoir)
1091
1
"Louisiana Blues" (Muddy Waters)
1092
1
"Back to Korea Blues" (Sunnyland Slim)
1092
1
"Future Blues" (Willie Brown)
1093
1
GOSPELS AND SPIRITUALS
1093
4
"We Shall Overcome"
1093
1
"Gimme Dat Ol'-Time Religion" (arranged by J. Rosamond Johnson)
1094
1
"Move On Up a Little Higher" (Mahalia Jackson and Theodore Frye)
1094
3
"I Know It Was the Lord" (Clara Ward)
1097
1
RHYTHM AND BLUES LYRICS
1097
2
FROM "The Twist" (Hank Ballard; performed by Chubby Checker)
1098
1
"Good Golly Miss Molly" (John S. Marascalco and Robert A. Blackwell; performed by Little Richard)
1098
1
BOP AND COOL JAZZ
1099
2
"Parker's Mood" (Charlie "Yardbird" Parker)
1099
1
FROM "Donna Lee" (Charlie "Yardbird" Parker; performed by Miles Davis)
1100
1
"Flarred Fifths" (Langston Hughes)
1101
1
BAD WOMEN FOLK BALLADS (POEMS BY MARGARET WALKER)
1101
3
"Molly Means"
1101
1
"Kissie Lee"
1102
2
FOLK SERMON
1104
4
"The Prodigal Son" (C. L. Franklin)
1104
4
CALL FOR CRITICAL DEBATE
1108
12
HUGH M. GLOSTER (1911-)
1109
2
"Race and the Negro Writer"
1109
2
NICK AARON FORD (1904-1982)
1111
3
"A Blueprint for Negro Authors"
1112
2
ANN PETRY (1908-)
1114
6
"The Novel as Social Criticism"
1114
6
RESPONSE VOICES OF AFRICAN AMERICAN TRADITION AND MODERNISM
1120
223
POETS
1120
61
MELVIN B. TOLSON (1898-1966)
1120
8
"Dark Symphony"
1123
3
"Lambda" FROM Harlem Gallery
1126
2
ROBERT HAYDEN (1913-1980)
1128
4
"Homage to the Empress of the Blues"
1131
1
"Middle Passage"
1131
4
"Runagate Runagate"
1135
2
"Frederick Douglass"
1137
1
"Elegies for Paradise Valley"
1137
4
"A Letter from Phillis Wheatley"
1141
1
DUDLEY RANDALL (1914-)
1142
4
"Booker T. and W.E.B."
1144
1
"Legacy: My South"
1145
1
"Ancestors"
1146
1
OWEN DODSON (1914-1983)
1146
5
"Sorrow Is the Only Faithful One"
1149
1
"Yardbird's Skull (for Charlie Parker)"
1150
1
"Guitar"
1151
1
MARGARET ESSE DANNER (1915-1988)
1151
6
"Far from Africa: Four Poems"
1153
3
"The Rhetoric of Langston Hughes"
1156
1
"The Slave and the Iron Lace"
1156
1
"Passive Resistance"
1156
1
MARGARET WALKER (1915-)
1157
7
"For My People"
1159
1
"Lineage"
1160
1
"The Ballad of the Free"
1160
1
"Prophets for a New Day"
1161
2
"The Crystal Palace"
1163
1
"A Parchwork Quilt"
1163
1
GWENDOLYN BROOKS (1917-)
1164
13
"the mother"
1168
1
"the children of the poor"
1168
1
"The Last Quetrain of the Ballad of Emmett Till"
1170
1
"The Chicago Defender Sends a Man to Little Rock"
1170
2
"We Real Cool"
1172
1
"The Wall"
1172
1
"The Chicago Picasso"
1173
1
"Medgar Evers"
1174
1
"Malcolm X"
1175
1
"The Sermon on the Warpland"
1175
1
"To an Old Black Woman, Homeless and Indistinct"
1176
1
NAOMI LONG MADGETT (1923-)
1177
4
"Midway"
1179
1
"The Old Women"
1179
1
"New Day"
1179
1
"Monday Morning Blues"
1180
1
"A Litany for Afro-Americans"
1180
1
PLAYWRIGHTS
1181
186
ALICE CHILDRESS (1920-1994)
1181
32
Wedding Band
1184
29
LORRAINE HANSBERRY (1930-1965)
1213
54
A Raisin in the Sun
1217
50
FICTION WRITERS
1267
76
DOROTHY WEST (1907-)
1267
7
"The Richer, The Poorer"
1272
2
RALPH ELLISON (1914-1994)
1274
16
"Prologue" FROM Invisible Man
1278
5
"Juneteenth"
1283
7
JOHN OLIVER KILLENS (1916-1987)
1290
5
"The Stick Up"
1293
2
JAMES BALDWIN (1924-1987)
1295
25
"Sonny's Blues"
1298
18
"Everybody's Protest Novel"
1316
4
PAULE MARSHALL (1929-)
1320
23
"Barbados"
1324
8
FROM Praisesong for the Widow
1332
11
VI "Cross Road Blues" African American History and Culture, 1960 to the Present "No Other Music'll Ease My Misery" Social Revolution, New Renaissance, and Second Reconstruction
1343
658
FOLK CALL FOR SOCIAL REVOLUTION AND POLITICAL STRATEGY
1386
29
FOLK POETRY
1386
22
URBAN BLUES LYRICS
1386
2
"The Thrill Is Gone" (B. B. King)
1386
1
"I Pity the Fool" (Bobby "Blue" Bland)
1386
1
"Back Door Man" (Howlin' Wolf)
1386
1
"Am I Blue?" (Ray Charles)
1387
1
"Big Boss Man" (Jimmy Reed)
1388
1
RHYTHM AND BLUES LYRICS
1388
2
"Respect" (Otis Redding; as interpreted by Aretha Franklin)
1388
1
FROM "Say It Loud, I'm Black and I'm Proud" (James Brown)
1389
1
FROM "Keep on Pushing" (Curtis Mayfield and the Impressions)
1389
1
"What's Going On" (Marvin Gaye, A. Cleveland, and R. Benson)
1389
1
SPIRITUALS AND GOSPELS ADAPTED FOR THE LIBERATION MOVEMENT
1390
3
"Ain't Gonna Let Nobody Turn Me 'Round"
1390
1
"Keep Your Eyes on the Prize"
1391
1
"This Little Light of Mine"
1392
1
"We Shall Not Be Moved"
1393
1
AVANT-GARDE JAZZ
1393
1
RAP LYRICS
1394
12
FROM "The Revolution Will Not Be Televised" (Gil Scott-Heron)
1394
1
FROM "Rapper's Delight" (The Sugar Hill Gang)
1395
2
FROM "The Message" (Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five)
1397
1
FROM "Paid in Full" (Eric B. and Rakim)
1398
1
"Don't Believe the Hype" (Public Enemy)
1399
2
"Fight the Power" (Public Enemy)
1401
1
FROM "Ladies First" (Queen Latifah and Monie Love)
1402
1
"Just a Friendly Game of Baseball" (Main Source)
1403
1
FROM "Freedom of Speech" (Ice T)
1404
1
A Rap FROM "Philadelphia Fire" (John Wideman)
1405
1
TOASTS
1406
2
"Signifyin' Monkey" (version by Oscar Brown, Jr.)
1406
2
FOLK SERMON
1408
5
"Ezekiel and the Vision of Dry Bones" (version by Carl J. Anderson; collected and transcribed by Gerald Davis)
1408
5
CONTEMPORARY FOLKTALES (COLLECTED BY DARYL C. DANCE)
1413
2
"In the Beginning"
1413
1
"How Blacks Got to America"
1413
1
"He Remembered"
1413
1
"Don't Call My Name"
1414
1
"The Only Two I Can Trust"
1414
1
"I'm Gon' Get in the Drawer"
1414
1
"Outsmarting Whitey"
1414
1
CALL FOR POLITICAL AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
1415
34
MALCOLM X (1925-1965)
1415
5
Speech to African Summit Conference--Cairo, Egypt
1417
3
MARTIN LUTHER KING, JR. (1929-1968)
1420
5
"I Have a Dream"
1423
2
STOKELY CARMICHAEL (1941-)
1425
5
"Black Power"
1426
4
JESSE JACKSON (1941-)
1430
3
Address: Democratic National Convention, San Francisco, July 17, 1984
1431
2
ANGELA DAVIS (1944-)
1433
16
FROM "Reflections on the Black Woman's Role in the Community of Slaves"
1436
13
CALL FOR CRITICAL DEBATE
1449
32
LARRY NEAL (1937-1981)
1449
9
"The Black Arts Movement"
1450
8
JOYCE ANN JOYCE (1949-)
1458
8
"The Black Canon: Reconstructing Black American Literary Criticism"
1459
7
HENRY LOUIS GATES, JR. (1950-)
1466
15
"What's Love Got to Do It?': Critical Theory, Integrity, and the Black Idiom"
1469
12
RESPONSE: VOICES OF THE NEW BLACK RENAISSANCE Voices of the Black Arts Movement
1481
213
THE NEW BLACK POETS
1481
79
ETHERIDGE KNIGHT (1931-1991)
1481
8
"The Idea of Ancestry"
1483
1
"The Violent Space (or when your sister sleeps around for money)"
1484
1
"Hard Rock Returns to Prison from the Hospital for the Criminal Insane"
1485
1
"He Sees Through Stone"
1486
1
"A Poem for Myself (or Blues for a Mississippi Black Boy)"
1487
1
"Ilu, the Talking Drum"
1487
1
"The Bones of My Father"
1488
1
SONIA SANCHEZ (1934-)
1489
9
"the final solution"
1492
1
"right on: white america"
1493
1
"Summer Words of a Sistuh Addict"
1493
1
"Masks"
1494
1
"now poem. for us."
1495
1
"Blues"
1496
1
"Woman"
1496
1
"under a soprano sky"
1496
2
AMIRI BARAKA (LEROI JONES) (1934-)
1498
23
"Preface to a Twenty Volume Suicide Note"
1501
1
"Black Art"
1501
1
"SOS"
1502
1
"Black People: This Is Our Destiny"
1503
1
"A Poem for Black Hearts"
1503
1
"Ka 'Ba"
1504
1
"leroy"
1504
1
"An Agony. As Now."
1505
1
"A Poem Some People Will Have to Understand"
1506
1
"Three Movements and a Coda"
1506
1
"Numbers, Letters"
1507
1
"Dope"
1508
2
"Wise 1"
1510
1
Dutchman
1511
10
JAYNE CORTEZ (1936-)
1521
9
"In the Morning"
1524
2
"Orisha"
1526
1
"So Many Feathers"
1526
2
"Grinding Vibrato"
1528
1
"Rape"
1529
1
LUCILLE CLIFTON (1936-)
1530
6
"miss rosie"
1533
1
"for deLawd"
1533
1
"my mama moved among the days"
1534
1
"good times"
1534
1
"the lost baby poem"
1534
1
"homage to my hips"
1535
1
"what the mirror said"
1535
1
"the making of poems"
1536
1
HAKI R. MADHUBUTI (DON L. LEE) (1942-)
1536
10
"Don't Cry, Scream"
1538
3
"Two Poems" FROM "Sketches from a Black-Nappy-Headed Poet"
1541
1
"We Walk the Way of the New World"
1541
2
"Assassination"
1543
1
"But He Was Cool or: he even stopped for green lights"
1544
1
"My Brothers"
1544
1
"White on Black Crime"
1545
1
CAROLYN RODGERS (1943-)
1546
7
"Me, in Kulu Se XXX Karma"
1548
1
"Poem for Some Black Women"
1549
1
"5 Winos"
1550
1
"U Name This One"
1551
1
"It Is Deep"
1552
1
NIKKI GIOVANNI (1943-)
1553
7
"For Saundra"
1555
1
"Revolutionary Music"
1556
1
"Nikki-Rosa"
1557
1
"The Women Gather"
1557
2
"Ego Tripping (there may be a reason why)"
1559
1
THE NEW BREED
1560
134
ALBERT MURRAY (1916-)
1560
11
"Train Whistle Guitar"
1561
10
MARIEVANS
1571
6
"I Am a Black Woman"
1573
1
"into blackness softly"
1574
1
"Speak the Truth to the People"
1575
1
"Black jam for dr. negro"
1576
1
"conceptuality"
1576
1
MAYA ANGELOU (1928-)
1577
11
"Still I Rise"
1579
1
"Woman Me"
1580
1
"My Arkansas"
1581
1
"On Diverse Deviations"
1581
1
FROM I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings
1582
1
KRISTIN HUNTER (1931-)
1588
5
"Forget-Me-Not"
1590
3
TOM DENT (1932-)
1593
5
"For Walter Washington"
1595
1
"For Lawrence Sly"
1596
1
"Magnolia Street"
1597
1
ERNEST J. GAINES (1933-)
1598
17
"Three Men"
1600
3
HENRY DUMAS (1934-1968)
1615
8
FROM Ark of Bones
1616
7
AUDRE LORDE (1934-1992)
1623
9
"Coal"
1626
1
"Power"
1627
1
"Never Take Fire from a Woman"
1628
1
"Solstice"
1629
1
"The Woman Thing"
1630
1
"Stations"
1630
1
"Legacy--Hers"
1631
1
JUNE JORDAN (1936-)
1632
7
"All the World Moved"
1635
1
"The New Pieta: For the Mothers and Children of Derroit"
1635
1
"In Memoriam: Martin Luther King, Jr."
1635
1
"You Came with Shells"
1636
1
"Poem About My Rights"
1637
1
WILLIAM MELVIN KELLEY (1937-)
1639
8
"Homesick Blues"
1642
5
MICHAEL S. HARPER (1938-)
1647
6
"Here Where Colrrane Is"
1648
1
"Come Back Blues"
1649
1
"Song I Want a Witness"
1649
1
"To James Brown"
1650
1
"Effendi"
1650
1
"In Hayden's Collage"
1651
1
"Last Affair: Bessie's Blues Song"
1652
1
ISHMAEL REED (1938-)
1653
15
"I Am a Cowboy in the Boat of Ra"
1655
2
"Sermonette"
1657
1
"Beware: Do Not Read This Poem"
1658
1
"Why I Often Allude to Osiris"
1659
1
"Lincoln-Swille" FROM Flight to Canada
1659
1
AL YOUNG (1939-)
1668
5
"A Dance for Militant Dilertantes"
1669
1
"For Arl in Her Sixth Month"
1670
1
"There Is a Sadness"
1671
1
"The Old O. O. Blues: Introduction"
1671
2
JAMES ALAN MCPHERSON (1943-)
1673
15
"A Solo Song: For Doc"
1675
13
QUINCY TROUPE (1943-)
1688
6
"Reflections on Growing Older"
1689
1
"It All Boils Down"
1690
1
"Snake-Back Solo"
1691
2
"For Malcolm Who Walks in the Eyes of Our Children"
1693
1
WOMEN'S VOICES OF SELF-DEFINITION
1694
177
TONI MORRISON (CHLOE ANTHONY WOFFORD) (1931-)
1694
93
The Bluest Eye
1699
77
"Recitatif"
1776
11
TONI CADE BAMBARA (1939-1995)
1787
5
"My Man Bovanne"
1789
3
ALICE WALKER (1944-)
1792
15
"Everyday Use"
1797
5
"In Search of Our Mothers' Gardens"
1802
5
SHERLEY ANNE WILLIAMS (1944-)
1807
4
"Any Woman's Blues"
1809
1
"The Empress Brand Trim: Ruby Reminisces"
1809
2
"The Peacock Poems: 2"
1811
1
CLENORA HUDSON-WEEMS (1945-)
1811
4
"Africana Womanism: An Historical, Global Perspective for Women of African Descent"
1812
3
BARBARA SMITH (1946-)
1815
12
"Toward a Black Feminist Criticism"
1816
11
NTOZAKE SHANGE (1948-)
1827
5
"somebody almost walked off wid alla my stuff" FROM for colored girls who have considered suicide when the rainbow is enuf
1829
3
GAYL JONES (1949-)
1832
3
"Ravenna"
1834
1
GLORIA NAYLOR (1950-)
1835
17
FROM Mama Day
1838
5
bell hooks (1952-)
1843
1
"Black Women: Shaping Feminist Theory"
1844
8
TERRY MCMILLAN (1951-)
1852
19
"Franklin" FROM Disappearing Acts
1855
6
FROM How Stella Got Her Groove Back
1861
10
VOICES OF THE NEW WAVE
1871
130
ASKIA MUHAMMAD TOURE (1938-)
1871
8
"Osirian Rhapsody: A Myth"
1873
2
"Dawnsong!"
1875
4
JOHN EDGAR WIDEMAN (1941-)
1879
6
"newborn thrown in trash and dies"
1881
4
AUGUST WILSON (1945-)
1885
38
Joe Turner's Come and Gone
1888
35
YUSEF KOMUNYAKAA (1947-)
1923
4
"Camouflaging the Chimera"
1924
1
"Hanoi Hannah"
1925
1
"Missing in Action"
1926
1
"Facing It"
1927
1
CHARLES JOHNSON (1948-)
1927
10
"The Sorcerer's Apprentice"
1931
6
JAMAICA KINCAID (1949-)
1937
6
"Columbus in Chains" FROM Annie John
1939
4
MELVIN DIXON (1950-1992)
1943
4
FROM Vanishing Rooms
1944
3
ANNA DEAVERE SMITH (1950-)
1947
16
FROM Fires in the Mirror
1948
15
RITA DOVE (1952-)
1963
5
"Roast Possum"
1964
1
"Dusting"
1965
1
"Taking in Wash"
1966
1
"Under the Viaduct, 1932"
1967
1
"The Great Palaces of Versailles"
1967
1
REGINALD MCKNIGHT (1956-)
1968
4
"I Get on the Bus" FROM I Get on the Bus
1970
2
CHARLES I. NERO (1956-)
1972
15
"Toward a Black Gay Aesthetic"
1973
14
KAMARIA MUNTU (1959-)
1987
3
"Of Women and Spirit"
1988
1
"Lymphoma"
1989
1
RANDALL KENAN (1963-)
1990
11
"The Foundations of the Earth"
1991
10
CREDITS AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
2001
14
INDEX OF AUTHORS AND TITLES
2015
8
SUBJECT INDEX
2023
10
APPENDIX A
2033