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Tables of Contents for The Civil War and Reconstruction
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Preface
xvii
Part 1: The Sectional Conflict
The North and South Contrasted
The Rush of Life in New York City (1857)
3
1
Aleksandr Borisovich Lakier
Anonymous, the Manufacturing City of Lowell (1847)
4
1
I Will Be Heard (1831)
5
2
William Lloyd Garrison
Declaration of Sentiments of the American Anti-Slavery Convention (1833)
7
2
The South's Lack of a Spirit of Progress (1861)
9
2
Frederick Law Olmsted
We Are an Agricultural People (1861)
11
1
Louis T. Wigfall
Slavery Impedes the Progress and Prosperity of the South (1857)
12
2
Hinton Rowan Helper
Why Non-Slaveholders Should Support Slavery (1861)
14
2
J. D. B. De Bow
Anonymous, A Traveler Describes the Lives of Non-Slaveholders in Georgia (1849)
16
2
Slavery is the Cause of Civilization (1838)
18
3
William Harper
The New Orleans Slave Mart (1853)
21
2
Solomon Northup
Frederick Douglass Fights a Slave-Breaker (1845)
23
4
The House Dividing
I Plead the Cause of White Freemen (1847)
27
1
David Wilmot
The South is at Your Mercy (1847)
28
1
Howell Cobb
The Cords of Union Are Snapping One by One (1850)
29
2
John C. Calhoun
I Speak Today for the Preservation of the Union (1850)
31
2
Daniel Webster
Appeal of the Independent Democrats (1854)
33
2
New York Times, the Causes of the Know-Nothing Movement (1854)
35
2
Mobile Register, the South Asks Only for Equal Rights in the Territories (1856)
37
1
New York Evening, Are We Too Slaves? (1856)
38
2
Richmond Enquirer, They Must Be Lashed into Submission (1856)
40
1
Rules against Dred Scott (1857)
41
2
Chief Justice Roger B. Taney
Dissents in the Dred Scott Case (1857)
43
3
Associate Justice Benjamin R. Curtis
Cotton is King (1858)
46
1
James Henry Hammond
The Lincoln-Douglas Debates (1858)
47
4
The Freeport Doctrine (1858)
51
1
Addresses the Court (1859)
52
1
John Brown
Richmond Enquirer, the Harpers Ferry Invasion Has Advanced the Cause of Disunion (1859)
53
1
I Have Seen Nothing Like the Intensity of Feeling (1859)
54
3
Charles Eliot Norton
The Road to War
The South Must Strike while There is Yet Time (1860)
57
1
Robert Toombs
Lincoln's Election Does Not Justify Secession (1860)
58
2
Alexander H. Stephens
South Carolina Justifies Secession (1860)
60
2
I Hold That the Union is Perpetual (1861)
62
3
Abraham Lincoln
The Outbreak of War Galvanizes New York City (1861)
65
2
George Templeton Strong
The Popular Mood in Charleston at the Start of the Civil War (1861)
67
4
William Howard Russell
Part 2: The Civil War
The War Begins
Slavery is the Cornerstone of the Confederacy (1861)
71
1
Alexander H. Stephens
Our Cause is Just (1861)
72
2
Jefferson Davis
This is a People's Contest (1861)
74
2
Abraham Lincoln
The Resources of the Union and the Confederacy (1861)
76
1
Calls for Troops (1861)
77
1
Abraham Lincoln
Institutes a Blockade of the Confederacy (1861)
78
1
Abraham Lincoln
Kentucky Declares Its Neutrality (1861)
79
1
The Raccoon Roughs Go to War (1903)
80
1
John B. Gordon
The London Times Foresees a Confederate Victory in the War (1861)
81
2
The Military Struggle, 1861--1862
The Anaconda Plan (1861)
83
1
Winfield Scott
The Most Shameful Rout You Can Conceive Of (1861)
84
2
Lyman Trumbull
I Have Become the Power in the Land (1861)
86
1
George McClellan
The President is Nothing More Than a Well Meaning Baboon (1861)
87
1
George McClellan
Explains His Ideas on Military Strategy (1862)
88
1
Abraham Lincoln
An lowa Soldier ``Sees the Elephant'' at Shiloh (1862)
89
3
Cyrus F. Boyd
I Gave Up All Idea of Saving the Union Except by Complete Conquest (1885)
92
1
Ulysses S. Grant
But You Must Act (1862)
93
1
Abraham Lincoln
You Have Done Your Best to Sacrifice This Army (1862)
94
1
George McClellan
The War Should Be Conducted upon the Highest Principles of Christian Civilization (1862)
95
2
George McClellan
Adopts Harsher Policies against Southern Civilians (1862)
97
2
John Pope
Authorizes the Army to Seize Private Property in the Confederacy (1862)
99
1
Abraham Lincoln
Proposes to Invade the North (1862)
100
1
Robert E. Lee
General Edward Alexander Criticizes Lee at Antietam (1899)
101
2
The Most Dreadful Slaughter (1890)
103
2
Rufus R. Dawes
Harper's Weekly, Northern Despair after the Battle of Fredericksburg (1862)
105
2
The Naval War
The Monitor Challenges the Merrimack (1862)
107
1
G. J. Van Burnt
The United States Navy Blockades the Confederacy (1898)
108
3
Horatio Wait
Aboard a Blockade-Runner (1896)
111
4
Thomas Taylor
Union Politics, 1861-1862
Encounters the Contrabands (1892)
115
2
Benjamin F. Butler
The Crittenden Resolution Defines Union War Aims (1861)
117
1
Cast Off the Mill-Stone (1861)
117
2
Frederick Douglass
To Lose Kentucky is to Lose the Whole Game (1861)
119
2
Abraham Lincoln
A Democratic Congressman Attacks Emancipation (1862)
121
3
Samuel S. Cox
Supports for Emancipation is Increasing (1862)
124
1
John Sherman
I Would Save the Union (1862)
125
1
Abraham Lincoln
Harper's Weekly Gauges the Northern Response to Emancipation (1862)
126
1
New York Times, the 1862 Elections Are a Repudiation of the Administration's Conduct of the War (1862)
127
2
Replies to a Republican Critic after the 1862 Elections (1862)
129
2
Abraham Lincoln
Confederate Politics, 1861-1863
Governor Joseph Brown Obstructs Conscription in Georgia (1862)
131
1
The Twenty Negro Law (1862)
132
1
A Georgia Soldier Condemns the Exemption of Slaveholders (1862)
133
2
An Atlanta Paper Defends the Exemption of Slaveholders (1862)
135
1
Defends His Policies (1862)
136
2
Jefferson Davis
Richmond Examiner, A Richmond Paper Calls for a Tax-in-Kind (1863)
138
2
A Richmond Editor Denounces Davis's Leadership (1869)
140
3
Edward Pollard
Diplomacy
Anonymous, Southerners' Faith in King Cotton Diplomacy (1861)
143
1
The Trent Affair Has Almost Wrecked Us (1862)
144
1
Charles Francis Adams
Complains of Europe's Refusal to Recognize the Confederacy (1863)
145
1
Jefferson Davis
This is War (1863)
145
2
Charles Francis Adams
The Military Struggle, 1863
Counsels General Joseph Hooker (1863)
147
1
Abraham Lincoln
The Character of the War Has Very Much Changed (1863)
148
1
Henry Halleck
Proposes to Take the Offensive (1863)
149
2
Robert E. Lee
A Pennsylvania Woman Encounters Lee's Army (1863)
151
3
Rachel Cormany
A Virginia Soldier Survives Pickett's Charge (1863)
154
2
John Dooley
A Connecticut Soldier Helps Repel Pickett's Charge (1863)
156
3
Benjamin Hirst
Anonymous, Daily Life during the Siege of Vicksburg (1863)
159
3
The Conduct of the Negroes Was beyond All Expression (1863)
162
1
Alexander S. Abrams
The Confederacy Totters to Its Destruction (1863)
163
2
Josiah Gorgas
Union Politics, 1863
The Emancipation Proclamation (1863)
165
1
Abraham Lincoln
Northern Newspapers Debate the Significance of the Emancipation Proclamation (1863)
166
2
Harper's Weekly, the Work Done by Congress (1863)
168
2
One of the Worst Despotisms on Earth (1863)
170
2
Clement Vallandigham
I Think I Shall Be Blamed for Having Made Too Few Arrests (1863)
172
3
Abraham Lincoln
The Heaviest Blow Yet Dealt to the Rebellion (1863)
175
2
Abraham Lincoln
A New Birth of Freedom (1863)
177
2
Abraham Lincoln
The Union Home Front
Conscription in the Union (1866)
179
1
The New York Press Debates the Causes of the Draft Riots (1863)
180
3
Jefferson Davis Rules New York Today (1863)
183
2
George Templeton Strong
This Country Also Belongs to Us (1863)
185
2
J. W. C. Pennington
Anonymous, A Rioter Condemns the $300 Commutation Fee (1863)
187
1
The New York Evening Post Defends the $300 Commutation Fee (1863)
187
2
A Union Nurse at Gettysburg (1863)
189
1
Cornelia Hancock
Harper's Monthly, the Fortunes of War (1864)
190
4
Fincher's Trade Review, Working Women Protest Their Low Wages (1865)
194
1
Harper's Monthly, Wall Street in Wartime (1865)
195
2
The Confederate Home Front
Slavery is a Tower of Strength to the South (1861)
197
1
Montgomery Advertiser
Slave Owners Ought to Bear the Principal Burden of the War (1863)
198
1
Samuel L. Holt
``Agnes,'' A Resident Observes the Richmond Bread Riot (1863)
199
2
This is War, Terrible War (1862-1864)
201
3
John B. Jones
Phoebe Yates Pember Becomes a Hospital Matron (1879)
204
1
Southern Women Enter the Government Bureaucracy (1867)
205
1
Sally Putnam
A Confederate General Reports on Widespread Resistance to Conscription (1863)
206
2
Gideon J. Pillow
The War Corrodes Female Virtue (1863)
208
1
Daniel O'Leary
A Union Officer Marvels at the Endurance of the Southern People (1864)
209
1
Theodore Lyman
Until Adversity Tries Us (1861-1865)
210
4
Ella Gertrude Thomas
Is Anything Worth It? (1862-1865)
214
2
Mary Chesnut
Dear Edward (1906)
216
1
Mary Cooper
The Revulsion Was Sickening (1865)
217
2
Judith McGuire
African Americans
An Escaped Slave Writes His Wife from a Union Camp (1862)
219
1
John Boston
Frederick Douglass Urges Black Men to Enlist (1863)
220
2
A Mother Calls on the Government to Protect Black Soldiers (1863)
222
1
Hannah Johnson
A Union General Describes Slaves Entering the Union Lines (1863)
223
1
Lorenzo Thomas
The Negroes Are Worse Than Free (1863)
224
1
Susanna Clay
A Black Soldier Explains His Motives for Fighting (1863)
225
1
Isaiah H. Welch
New York Times, A Prodigious Revolution (1864)
226
1
Anonymous A Black Soldier Protests Unequal Pay (1864)
227
2
A Black Soldier Writes His Daughter's Owner (1864)
229
1
Spotswood Rice
The Hardship of Black Soldiers' Families (1864)
230
1
Rachel Ann Wicker
Mittie Freeman Meets a Yankee (1937)
231
1
Former Slaves Recall the End of Slavery (1937)
232
2
The Slave Eliza Acquires a New Name (1937)
234
1
Eliza Evans
Common Soldiers
The Comforts of a Soldier's Life (1929)
235
1
Randolph Shotwell
Hard Marching (1863)
236
1
Wilbur Fisk
A South Carolina Soldier Confronts His Captain (1862)
237
1
Samuel E. Burges
Trading with the Enemy (1863)
238
1
Tally Simpson
Fraternization among Soldiers of the Two Armies (1864)
239
1
Chauncey H. Cooke
Religious Revivals in the Confederate Army (1864)
240
1
T. J. Stokes
Antiblack Prejudice in the Union Ranks (1897)
241
1
John A. Potter
A Union Soldier's Changing Views on Emancipation (1863-1865)
242
4
Chauncey Welton
A Louisiana Soldier Links Slavery and Race to the Cause of the Confederacy (1862-1864)
246
1
Reuben A. Pierson
A Wounded Soldier Describes a Field Hospital (1863)
247
1
T. D. Kingsley
The Scourge of War (1862)
247
2
William Fisher Plane
The Military Struggle, 1864
Devises a New Union Strategy (1885)
249
2
Ulysses S. Grant
A Union Officer Depicts the Fury of the Fighting at Spotsylvania (1897)
251
1
Horace Porter
Our Numbers Are Daily Decreasing (1864)
252
1
Robert E. Lee
A Confederate Soldier Describes the Pressure of Fighting in the Trenches (1903)
253
1
Robert Stiles
War is Cruelty, and You Cannot Refine It (1864)
253
2
William Tecumseh Sherman
Proposes to March to the Sea (1864)
255
1
William Tecumseh Sherman
An Illinois Soldier Marches with Sherman to the Sea and Beyond (1864-1865)
256
2
James Connolly
The Heavens Were Lit with Flames (1864)
258
3
Dolly Lunt Burge
Union Politics, 1864
The New York Times is Amazed by the Change in Public Opinion on Slavery (1864)
261
1
Party Platforms in 1864
262
3
Events Have Controlled Me (1864)
265
1
Abraham Lincoln
Our Bleeding Country Longs for Peace (1864)
266
1
Horace Greeley
Outlines His Terms for Peace (1864)
267
1
Abraham Lincoln
The Tide is Setting Strongly against Us (1864)
268
2
Henry J. Raymond
Illinois State Register, A Negotiated Peace with the Confederacy is Possible (1864)
270
1
New York Tribune, An Armistice Would Lead to a Southern Victory (1864)
271
2
The Republican and Democratic Parties' Final Appeal to the Voters (1864)
273
2
A Democratic Soldier Votes for Lincoln (1891)
275
1
J. N. Jones
The Election Was a Necessity (1864)
276
1
Abraham Lincoln
Chicago Tribune, Lincoln's Election is a Mandate to Abolish Slavery (1864)
277
1
Hails the Passage of the Thirteenth Amendment (1865)
278
3
Abraham Lincoln
Confederate Politics, 1864-1865
Notes the Achievements of the Confederate Ordnance Bureau (1864)
281
1
Josiah Gorgas
Once Lost, Liberty is Lost Forever (1864)
282
3
Alexander H. Stephens
Richmond Examiner, We Are Fighting for Independence, Not Slavery (1864)
285
1
Richmond Examiner, We Prefer the Law (1864)
286
1
We Want No Confederacy without Slavery (1865)
287
1
Charleston Mercury
Richmond Enquirer, Slavery and the Cause of the Confederacy (1865)
288
2
Opposition and Disloyalty Are Increasing Daily (1865)
290
3
Howell Cobb
The End of the War
A Bleak Confederate Christmas (1864)
293
1
Judith McGuire
Reflects on the Situation of the Confederacy (1865)
294
3
Catherine Edmondston
Southerners Have Lost the Will to Resist (1865)
297
1
George Ward Nichols
Desertion Now is Not Dishonorable (1865)
298
1
Luther Mills
With Malice toward None (1865)
299
1
Abraham Lincoln
Bitter Tears Came in a Torrent (1865)
300
2
Mary A. Fontaine
Richmond's Black Residents Welcome Abraham Lincoln (1897)
302
1
A. W. Bartlett
An Awed Stillness (1915)
303
2
Joshua L. Chamberlain
Describes Lincoln's Death (1865)
305
2
Gideon Welles
Fires the Last Shot of the Civil War (1865)
307
1
Edmund Ruffin
A Confederate Soldier Reflects on the War's Cost and Significance (1865)
308
1
Samuel T. Foster
A Confederate Nurse Discusses the Internal Causes of the Confederacy's Defeat (1865)
309
2
Kate Cumming
A Confederate Official Analyzes the Causes of the Defeat of the Confederacy (1957)
311
1
Robert Garlick Kean
We Have No Future (1866)
312
1
Sarah Hine
We Have Lived a Century of Common Life (1865)
313
1
George Templeton Strong
New York Times, the War Touches Everything (1867)
314
3
Part 3: Reconstruction
Presidential Reconstruction
Vetoes the Wade-Davis Bill (1864)
317
1
Abraham Lincoln
The Wade-Davis Manifesto (1864)
318
1
Benjamin F. Wade
Henry Winter Davis
We Shall Have the Fowl Sooner by Hatching Than Smashing the Egg (1865)
319
2
Abraham Lincoln
Affirms the Loyalty of Southern Whites (1865)
321
2
Ulysses S. Grant
Questions Southern Whites' Loyalty (1865)
323
2
Carl Schurz
The Mississippi Black Codes (1865)
325
3
The Radicals Will Be Completely Foiled (1865)
328
1
Andrew Johnson
Petition for Suffrage (1865)
329
1
Virginia Blacks
Reports on the Success of His Program of Reconstruction (1865)
330
3
Andrew Johnson
Johnson's Clash with Congress
Designates the Southern States as Conquered Provinces (1865)
333
2
Thaddeus Stevens
Says Black Suffrage Will Lead to Race War in the South (1866)
335
1
Andrew Johnson
The Joint Committee Reports on the Status of the Former States of the Confederacy (1866)
336
3
Vetoes the Civil Rights Bill (1866)
339
3
Andrew Johnson
The Chicago Tribune Blames Johnson for the New Orleans Riot (1866)
342
2
Waves the Bloody Shirt (1866)
344
2
Oliver P. Morton
I Am Fighting Traitors in the North (1866)
346
2
Andrew Johnson
New York Times, the People's Verdict (1866)
348
3
Congressional Reconstruction
Thaddeus Stevens's Land Confiscation Bill (1867)
351
1
Accuses Congress of Seeking to Africanize the South (1867)
352
3
Andrew Johnson
The Articles of Impeachment (1868)
355
2
Defends Johnson in the Impeachment Trial (1868)
357
3
William Evarts
Appeals for Universal Suffrage (1869)
360
2
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
A Black Congressman Complains about Unequal Treatment (1874)
362
2
James T. Rapier
Equal Rights and Social Equality (1874)
364
3
Richard Cain
Political Reconstruction in the South
Voice Their Aspirations for Equality (1867)
367
2
Alabama Blacks
South Carolina Democrats Protest against the New State Constitution (1868)
369
2
An African American Leader Instructs New Black Voters (1867)
371
1
R. I. Cromwell
Who is Responsible for Corruption? (1870)
372
2
Henry Clay Warmoth
A Defense of Carpetbaggers (1875)
374
3
Alexander White
Economic and Social Reconstruction
Former Slaves Are Anxious to Record Their Marriages (1865)
377
1
A. B. Randall
Southern Whites Have No Faith in Black Free Labor (1866)
378
1
Sidney Andrews
Freedpeople Complain about Their Former Owners' Attempts to Cheat Them (1865)
379
1
N. B. Lucas
A Freedman Writes his Former Master (1865)
380
2
Jourdon Anderson
The Tribulations of a Freedmen's Bureau Agent (1868)
382
2
John W. DeForest
New Orleans Tribune, They Are the Planter's Guards (1867)
384
1
The Contested Meaning of Freedom (1880)
385
2
Henry Adams
Planters Insist That Black Women Work in the Fields (1880)
387
1
Henry Adams
Two Black Workers Settle Accounts at the End of the Year (1867)
388
1
Mariah Baldwin
Ellen Latimer
New Orleans Tribune, A Black Newspaper Calls for Integrated Schools in New Orleans (1867)
389
2
A Sharecropping Contract (1886)
391
2
Opposition and Northern Disillusionment
Signals a Retreat from Reconstruction (1874)
393
2
Ulysses S. Grant
Society Turned Bottom-Side Up (1874)
395
2
James S. Pike
The Nation, This is Socialism (1874)
397
3
South Carolina Black Leaders Defend the State Government's Fiscal Record (1874)
400
3
Vetoes the Currency Act (1874)
403
2
Ulysses S. Grant
The Blaine Amendment (1875)
405
1
James G. Blaine
The Public is Tired of These Outbreaks in the South (1875)
406
2
Edwards Pierrepont
The Mississippi Plan in Action (1876)
408
1
James W. Lee
The Assassination of an African American Political Leader (1876)
409
2
Margaret Ann Caldwell
A Southern White Leader Abandons the Republican Party (1913)
411
2
James Lusk
The End of Reconstruction
Outlines His Southern Policy (1877)
413
1
Rutherford B. Hayes
Surrenders the Southern Carolina Governorship (1877)
414
2
Governor Daniel Chamberlain
Assesses the Mistakes of Reconstruction (1880)
416
3
Frederick Douglass
Appendix
1. United States Constitution
419
10
2. Confederate Constitution
429
10
Permissions Acknowledgments
439