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Tables of Contents for Sound Assistance
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Preface to the second edition
xi
1 Revision of electricity -- d.c.
1
11
1.1 Electricity -- what is it?
1
1
1.2 Amperes, volts and ohms
2
1
1.3 Power and watts
3
1
1.4 Ideas about magnetism
4
1
1.5 Magnetic fields and electric currents
5
1
1.6 Currents in coils
6
1
1.7 Protecting equipment -- fuses
7
1
1.8 Batteries
8
2
Some prefixes
10
1
Definitions
10
2
2 Revision of electricity -- a.c.
12
12
2.1 The `shape' of an alternating current
12
1
2.2 Important quantities
13
2
2.3 Phase angles
15
1
2.4 Three-phase supplies
15
1
2.5 Mains plugs
16
1
2.6 Safety devices
17
1
2.7 Transformers
17
2
2.8 Meters for a.c.
19
1
2.9 Capacitors
20
2
2.10 Inductors
22
1
2.11 Trigonometry
23
1
3 Outlines of electronic devices
24
3
3.1 Semiconductors and thermionic devices
24
2
3.2 Miscellaneous
26
1
4 Radio transmission
27
9
4.1 Radio waves
27
1
4.2 The electromagnetic spectrum
27
2
4.3 Amplitude modulation (a.m.)
29
2
4.4 Frequency modulation (f.m.)
31
3
4.5 Other modulation systems
34
2
5 Decibels
36
5
5.1 What are they?
36
2
5.2 A definition
38
3
6 Sound waves
41
14
6.1 Types of wave
41
2
6.2 Sound wavelengths and frequencies
43
1
6.3 Sound waves and obstacles
44
3
6.4 The inverse square law
47
2
6.5 Sound in pipes
49
3
6.6 Harmonics, etc.
52
1
6.7 What is a musical sound?
53
2
7 The ear and hearing
55
11
7.1 The ear's response to sounds
55
3
7.2 Loudness
58
2
7.3 Hearing damage
60
3
7.4 Pitch
63
1
7.5 A word of caution
64
2
8 Basic acoustics
66
13
8.1 What do we mean by good acoustics?
66
1
8.2 Avoiding resonances
66
3
8.3 Reverberation
69
8
8.4 Sound isolation
77
2
9 Microphones
79
14
9.1 The basic parts of a microphone
79
1
9.2 Transducers
80
5
9.3 The important responses of a microphone
85
4
9.4 Microphone applications
89
2
9.5 Microphone faults
91
2
10 More about microphones
93
11
10.1 Phantom power
93
2
10.2 Phase in microphones
95
1
10.3 Microphone cables, plugs and sockets
96
2
10.4 Variable polar diagram microphones
98
2
10.5 Other sound pick-up devices
100
1
10.6 Microphone stands and cabling
100
2
10.7 Microphone placing
102
2
11 Loudspeakers
104
11
11.1 The parts of a loudspeaker
104
1
11.2 The radiating surface
105
1
11.3 Transducers
105
1
11.4 The enclosure
106
3
11.5 Multiple unit loudspeakers
109
2
11.6 Directional loudspeakers
111
1
11.7 Cables and loudspeaker positioning
112
1
11.8 Headphones
113
1
11.9 Listening tests
114
1
12 Stereo
115
14
12.1 What do we mean by `stereo'?
115
1
12.2 Binaural hearing
115
4
12.3 Microphones
119
2
12.4 Stereo image widths
121
2
12.5 A, B, M and S
123
1
12.6 M and S microphones
124
1
12.7 Compatibility
125
1
12.8 Phase
126
1
12.9 Setting up a coincident pair microphone
126
1
12.10 Stereo radio transmission
127
2
13 Signal processing
129
12
13.1 Frequency correction
129
5
13.2 Dynamic range manipulation
134
7
14 Visual monitoring
141
8
14.1 Monitoring in general
141
1
14.2 Dynamic ranges in technical terms
141
2
14.3 Zero level
143
2
14.4 The VV meter
145
1
14.5 The PPM
146
2
14.6 Other meter devices
148
1
15 Analogue tape recording
149
14
15.1 Basics of the process
149
2
15.2 Moving the tape
151
1
15.3 Azimuth
152
1
15.4 Tape errors
153
2
15.5 Tape speeds
155
1
15.6 Tape editing
156
3
15.7 Line-up
159
1
15.8 At the end of a recording session
159
4
16 More about analogue recording
163
8
16.1 Cassettes
163
1
16.2 Guard tracks and twin tracks
164
1
16.3 Cartridge machines
165
1
16.4 Multi-track machines
165
2
16.5 Noise reduction systems
167
2
16.6 Vinyl discs
169
2
17 An introduction to digital audio
171
12
17.1 What's the point?
171
1
17.2 Sampling and quantizing
171
4
17.3 Binary arithmetic
175
3
17.4 Bit rate
178
2
17.5 Error correction
180
2
17.6 Drawbacks of digital audio
182
1
18 Recording with digits
183
11
18.1 DAT (digital audio tape)
183
3
18.2 Stationary head recording
186
1
18.3 Digital recording -- advantages and disadvantages
187
1
18.4 Compact discs (CD)
188
4
18.5 Other digital recording systems
192
2
19 More digital devices
194
11
19.1 Artificial reverberation
194
1
19.2 Pitch change
195
2
19.3 Time division multiplex (TDM)
197
1
19.4 Sound-in-syncs (S.i.S.)
198
2
19.5 NICAM 728
200
1
19.6 Timecode
201
2
19.7 The AES/EBU interface
203
1
19.8 MIDI
204
1
19.9 ISDN
204
1
20 Public address
205
9
20.1 A definition
205
1
20.2 Why is PA needed?
205
2
20.3 The cause of a howl-round
207
2
20.4 Reducing the risk of a howl-round
209
3
20.5 Foldback (FB)
212
1
20.6 Safety
212
2
21 Sound desks (mixing consoles)
214
13
21.1 What is a sound desk?
214
1
21.2 The facilities of a typical channel
215
4
21.3 Groups and busbars
219
2
21.4 The output stages
221
1
21.5 Clean feed (`mix minus')
221
3
21.6 Communications
224
3
22 Safety
227
6
22.1 A little quiz
227
2
22.2 Electrical safety
229
1
22.3 Lifting and handling
230
1
22.4 Scaffolding, ladders and rigging generally
231
1
22.5 Ten important extras to look out for
232
1
23 Further reading
233
1
24 Glossary
234
13
Index
247