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Tables of Contents for Strategies for Teaching Students With Learning and Behavior Problems
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Preface
xi
The Teaching---Learning Process
1
27
What Are the Characteristics of Students with Learning and Behavior Problems?
3
1
What Factors Should Be Considered When Determining How Serious a Learning and Behavior Problem Is?
4
1
What Learning and Educational Environments Are Available for Students with Learning and Behavior Problems?
5
1
Including Special Education Students
5
2
The Realities of Inclusion
6
1
Mainstreaming and Inclusion
7
1
Developing an Individualized Education Program
7
6
Parent Involvement
9
3
Student Involvement
12
1
How Do Teachers Teach Students with Learning and Behavior Problems?
13
5
The Learner
15
1
The Teacher
16
2
The Instructional Cycle
18
1
Features of Effective Instruction
18
1
Assessing Progress
18
1
Types of Evaluation Measures
19
7
Designing Instruction
24
1
Determining Goals of Instruction
24
1
Flexible Grouping
24
1
Adaptations
25
1
Scaffolding
25
1
Time Management
25
1
Websites
26
1
Invitation for Learning
27
1
Think and Apply
27
1
Approaches to Learning and Teaching
28
40
Operant Learning and Applied Behavior Analysis
29
12
Manipulating Antecedents
31
1
Increasing Desirable Behaviors Through Consequences
31
5
Decreasing Undesirable Behaviors Through Consequences
36
4
Stages of Learning
40
1
Cognitive Strategy Instruction
41
7
Common Features of Cognitive Strategy Instruction
44
3
Teaching Implications of Cognitive Strategy Instruction
47
1
Sociocultural Theory of Cognitive Development
48
7
Use of Resources
48
1
Social Nature of Learning and Interactive Dialogue
49
3
Scaffolded Instruction
52
1
Instructional Implications
53
2
Information Processing and Schema Theories
55
10
Sensing
59
1
Attention
59
1
Perception
60
1
Short-Term or Working Memory
60
1
Long-Term Memory and Schemas
61
1
Executive Functioning or Metacognition
62
3
Teaching Implications of Information Processing and Schema Theories
65
1
Summary
65
1
Websites
66
1
Think and Apply
67
1
Oral Language
68
45
Content of Language Instruction
70
13
Relationship of Oral and Written Communication
71
1
Components of Language
72
4
School-Age Language Development and Difficulties
76
7
Conclusion
83
1
Guidelines for Teaching Language
83
13
General Guidelines for Teaching Oral Language
83
5
Teaching Content
88
5
Teaching Form
93
2
Teaching Use
95
1
Planning Instruction for Students Who Are Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CLD)
96
6
Second Language Acquisition
97
4
Strategies for Teaching Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Learners
101
1
Metalinguistics
102
2
Instructional Activities
104
3
Summary
107
1
Websites
108
1
Think and Apply
109
1
Appendix 3.1 Selected Programs and Games for Teaching Language
110
3
Reading: Phonological Awareness, Alphabetic Principle, and Word Recognition
113
56
Reading and Reading Instruction
116
1
Components of Reading Instruction
117
1
Phonological Awareness, Letter---Sound Correspondence, and the Alphabetic Principle
117
12
Development of Phonological Awareness and the Alphabetic Principle
119
1
Teaching Phonological Awareness and the Alphabetic Principle
120
2
Teaching Letter---Sound Correspondences
122
5
Guidelines for Teaching Letter---Sound Correspondence
127
2
Word Identification, Decoding, and Word Study
129
8
What Is a Sight Word?
130
1
Decoding Strategies for Identifying Words
131
6
Teaching Word Recognition, Decoding, and Word Study
137
23
Explicit Code Instruction
138
14
Implicit Code Instruction
152
6
Techniques for Building Sight Words
158
2
Instructional Activities
160
2
Summary
162
2
Websites
164
1
Think and Apply
165
1
Appendix 4.1 Scope and Sequence for Teaching Phonics
166
2
Appendix 4.2 Common Rime/Spelling Patterns
168
1
Reading: Fluency and Comprehension
169
59
Teaching Fluency
170
12
Measuring Fluency and Monitoring Student Progress
171
2
Reading Aloud and Previewing Books
173
1
Repeated Reading
174
1
Choral Repeated Reading
175
3
Peer-Supported Reading
178
2
Reading Performance
180
1
Making Easy Books Acceptable and Difficult Books Accessible
181
1
Integrating Fluency Building into a Reading Program
182
1
Teaching Comprehension
182
41
A Framework for Reading Comprehension
184
3
Guidelines for Teaching Reading Comprehension
187
3
Previewing, Predicting, and Activating Prior Knowledge
190
6
Questioning Strategies
196
5
Text Structure and Summarization Strategies
201
8
Using Multicomponent Cognitive Strategy Instruction to Teach Comprehension
209
7
Adapting Approaches to Teaching Reading in Inclusive Classrooms
216
7
Instructional Activities
223
2
Summary
225
1
Websites
226
1
Think and Apply
226
2
Written Expression
228
51
Teaching the Writing Process
230
22
The Writing Process for Students with Learning and Behavior Problems
230
6
Elements of the Writing Process
236
13
Aspects of the Writing Process
249
3
Using Computers to Facilitate Writing
252
1
Teaching Spelling
252
12
Spelling Instruction
256
8
Teaching Handwriting
264
7
Handwriting Problems
264
1
Manuscript and Cursive Writing
265
1
Reversals
265
1
Components of Handwriting
266
5
Instructional Activities
271
5
Summary
276
1
Websites
277
1
Think and Apply
278
1
Content Area Learning and Study Skills
279
53
Teaching Content Area Information and Vocabulary
282
17
Process for Teaching Concepts and Vocabulary
282
1
Step One: Selecting Concepts and Related Vocabulary
282
1
Step Two: Evaluating Instructional Materials
283
4
Step Three: Assessing Students' Prior Knowledge
287
2
Step Four: Using Prelearning Activities
289
10
Steps Five and Six: Reinforcing Concept Learning During and After Learning
299
1
Making Adaptations
299
8
What Do Teachers and Students Think About Making Adaptations?
299
1
Adapting Textbooks
300
2
Developing Listener-Friendly Lectures
302
2
Adapting Class Assignments and Homework
304
1
Constructing and Adapting Tests
305
2
Study Skills and Learning Strategies
307
19
Personal Development Skills
308
5
Process Skills
313
5
Expression Skills
318
8
Instructional Activities
326
3
Summary
329
1
Websites
329
1
Think and Apply
330
2
Mathematics
332
49
Factors Influencing Math Ability
334
1
Teaching Perspectives
335
5
Curriculum-Based Measurement
340
2
Prenumber Skills
342
2
One-to-One Correspondence
342
2
Classification
344
1
Seriation
344
1
Numeration and Place Value
344
6
Readiness for Numeration: Seventeen Concepts
345
4
Teaching Place Value
349
1
Computation: Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Division
350
8
Understanding the Operation
350
1
Knowing Basic Math Facts
351
3
Math Computation Errors
354
2
Language of Math Computation
356
1
Use of Calculators
356
2
Fractions
358
1
Measurement
358
2
Time
359
1
Money
360
1
Problem Solving
360
5
Factors Affecting Successful Verbal Problem Solving
361
1
Methods of Teaching Story Problem Solving
362
3
Approaches to Increasing Math Performance
365
2
Cognitive Approaches
365
1
Behavioral Approaches
366
1
Focus on Real-World Mathematics
367
3
Functional Math
367
3
Curriculum and Materials
370
1
Project Math
370
1
DISTAR Arithmetic
371
1
Additional Sources of Curriculum and Materials
371
1
Instructional Activities
371
7
Summary
378
1
Websites
379
1
Think and Apply
380
1
Socialization and Classroom Management
381
50
Social Competence and Social Difficulties
383
16
Definitions of Social Competence
383
2
Perceptions of Students with Social Difficulties
385
2
Characteristics of Students with Social Difficulties
387
8
Social Difficulties Prevalent During Adolescence
395
4
Intervention Strategies
399
25
Interpersonal Problem Solving
400
4
Behavior Therapy
404
10
Mutual Interest Discovery
414
1
Principles for Teaching Social Skills
415
2
Classroom Management
417
2
Classroom Management and Student Behavior
419
3
Positive Behavioral Support
422
2
Instructional Activities
424
5
Summary
429
1
Websites
429
1
Think and Apply
430
1
Transition Planning and Life Skills/Transition Education
431
27
Fundamental Issues Related to Transition
432
4
Types of Transitions
433
1
Key Elements of Successful Transitions
433
2
Federal Mandate
435
1
Overriding Themes of Transition
435
1
Life Skills or Transition Education
436
6
Life Skill Domains
436
2
Relationship of Real-Life Topics to Academic or Social Skills Development
438
1
Program Options
438
4
Transition Planning Process
442
9
Key Elements of the Transition Process
442
2
Assessing Transition Needs
444
1
Developing Transition Goals
445
4
Curricular Implications
449
1
Recommendations
450
1
Summary
451
1
Websites
452
1
Think and Apply
453
1
Appendix 10.1 Individual Transition Plan
454
4
Coordinating Instruction, Collaborating, and Coteaching
458
41
Getting Started
460
17
Arranging the Environment
460
5
Instructional Materials and Equipment
465
5
Scheduling
470
7
Challenges to Successful Inclusion and Coteaching
477
4
Challenges to General Education Teachers
477
1
Challenges to Special Education Teachers
478
1
What Special Education Students Can Expect in General Education Classrooms
479
1
Students' Perceptions of Teachers' Adaptations
480
1
Consultation and Collaboration
481
6
How to Collaborate
481
1
Procedures for Collaboration
482
1
Resources Needed for Collaboration
482
1
School Collaboration
482
2
Collaboration: Issues and Dilemmas
484
1
Teacher Assistance Teams
485
2
Coteaching
487
7
Summary
494
1
Websites
494
1
Think and Apply
495
1
Appendix 11.1 Materials Evaluation Form
496
2
Appendix 11.2 Student Materials Evaluation Form
498
1
Communicating with Parents and Professionals
499
27
Communication Skills
501
6
Principles of Communication
502
4
Developing Interviewing Skills
506
1
Three Forms of Communication between Teachers and Parents
507
1
Working with Parents
507
11
Family Adjustment
507
1
Family-Centered Practice
508
1
Wrap-Around Services
509
2
Parents as Tutors
511
1
Parents as Service Providers
512
1
Parent Involvement with Schools
512
2
Individual with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) and Parent Involvement
514
2
What Are the Criteria for Establishing an IFSP?
516
2
Working with Professionals
518
5
Communication with General Education Teachers
518
3
Working with Paraprofessionals
521
1
Working with Administrators
521
1
School-Based Teacher Assistance Teams
522
1
Summary
523
1
Websites
524
1
Think and Apply
524
2
Appendix Educational Materials and Software Publishers
526
5
References
531
36
Index
567