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Tables of Contents for Language Arts
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Preface
xiii
About the Author
xv
Part One Building a Language Program
Becoming a Language Arts Teacher
1
32
The Language Arts
3
11
Intergrating the Language Arts
6
2
Differences in Teaching and Learning
8
3
Theories, Methods, Strategies, and Skills
11
2
Components of an Effective Program
13
1
Curriculum Models
14
5
Curriculum Decisions
15
1
English Language Arts Standards
16
3
Integrating Language Arts and Content
19
12
Including Literature
20
1
Criticisms of Integration
21
3
Quilting as a Metaphor for Integration
24
4
Teacher- or Student-Selected Units?
28
3
Summary
31
1
Reflections
31
1
Professional Resources
31
1
References
32
1
Children's Book References
32
1
The Beginnings of Language
33
24
Language and Communication
34
8
Functions of Language
35
2
Characteristics of Language
37
3
Cultural, Social, and Physical Factors
40
2
Lanaguage Acquisition
42
2
Behavior Theory
43
1
Native Theory
43
1
Cognitive Theory
43
1
Pragmatic Theory
44
1
Interaction Theory
44
1
Language Development
44
4
Components of Language
46
2
Models of Language and Literacy Learning
48
7
Emergent Literacy
51
4
Summary
55
1
Reflections
55
1
Professional Resources
55
1
References
56
1
Diversity in the Classroom
57
34
Cognitive and Physical Diversity
59
4
What Is a Learning Disability?
60
3
Cultural and Linguistic Diversity
63
5
Students with Limited English Proficiency
64
1
ESL and Bilingual Programs
65
1
Listening to Immigrant Children
66
2
Teaching Diverse Learners
68
20
Guidelines for Literacy Teaching
68
1
Thematic Instruction
69
1
Social Interaction
70
1
Cooperative Learning
71
3
Teaching Idioms
74
2
picture Books for Diverse Learners
76
3
A Unit for Diverse Students: Piecing Together America
79
6
Bridging the ``Diversity Gap''
85
3
Summary
88
1
Reflections
88
1
professional Resources
88
1
References
89
1
Chilren's Book References
90
1
Part Two A Literature Foundation
Getting Started with Literature
91
36
Children's Literature
93
1
Integrating Children's Literature
94
1
Characteristics of Quality Literature
95
5
Literary Elements
96
1
Visual Literacy
97
3
Children's Literary Genres
100
11
Picture Books
100
5
Folktales
105
1
Fantasy
106
1
Poetry
106
2
Realistic Fiction
108
1
Historical Fiction
108
1
Biography
109
1
Information Books
110
1
Finding the ``Isms'' in Children's Books
111
1
Using Diverse Literature
112
1
Literacy Role Models
113
1
Determining Interests
114
2
Monitoring Reading
116
1
Growing a Classroom Library
117
2
Using Bibliotherapy
119
3
Summary
122
1
Professional Resources
123
1
References
124
1
Children's Book References
125
2
Sharing and Responding to Literature
127
42
The Nature of Response
130
2
Roles of Peers and Teacher
132
1
Integrating the Curriculum
133
1
Sharing Literature
133
11
Reading Aloud
134
4
Shared Reading
138
1
Storytelling
139
3
Booktalks
142
2
Responding to Literature
144
22
Retelling
146
10
Visual Literacy and Picture Reading
156
2
Journal Writing
158
2
Book Sharing
160
6
Summary
166
1
Reflections
166
1
professional Resources
166
1
References
167
1
Children's Book References
168
1
Part Three Developing Receptive Language
Connections: Listening and Reading
169
34
Theoretical Models
173
3
Bottom-Up Model
173
1
Top-Down Model
174
1
Transactional Model
174
2
Types of Listening and Reading Comprehension
176
1
Factors Affecting Comprehension
177
2
Inviting and Extending Comprehension
179
21
Directed Listening/Reading Activity
179
1
Directed Listening/Reading-Thinking Activity
180
7
Modeling
187
1
Visual Imagery
187
1
Metacognition and Comprehension Monitoring
188
1
Thinking Aloud
189
1
Questioning
190
4
Wait-Time and Think-Time
194
1
Media Literacy
195
3
Listening/Reading Transfer
198
2
Summary
200
1
Reflections
200
1
Professional Resources
200
1
References
200
2
Children's Book References
202
1
Listening to Learn
203
32
Meaning Construction and the Listener
206
1
Effective Listening
207
1
Factors Affecting Listening
207
2
Modeling Active Listening
209
3
Teleconferencing
211
1
Developing Listening with Literature
212
2
Listening Models in Literature
213
1
Teaching Listening
214
2
Standards for Listening
216
13
Information and Understanding
217
2
Literary Response and Expression
219
2
Critical Analysis and Evaluation
221
4
Social Interaction
225
4
Assessing Listening
229
1
Summary
230
1
Reflections
231
1
Professional Resources
231
1
Children's Book References
232
3
Reading to Learn
235
44
Emergent Literacy
239
5
Phonemic Awareness
241
2
Effective Early Reading Programs
243
1
Proficient Reading
244
2
Students with Special Needs
246
1
Basal Reader Approach
246
2
Literature-Based Reading Instruction
248
1
Effective Instruction
248
9
Motivation and Interest
249
1
Comprehension
249
1
Word Analysis
250
2
Vocabulary and Word Study
252
4
Study Strategies
256
1
Guided Reading
257
5
Read-a-Book-in-an-Hour
257
1
Graphic Organizers and Webbing
258
2
K-W-L Plus
260
2
Encouraging Independent Reading
262
4
A print-Rich Environment
262
1
Ownership of Reading
263
2
Reading Role Models in Literature
265
1
Using Computers
266
2
Assessing the Reader
268
5
Summary
273
1
Reflections
273
1
Professional Resources
273
1
References
274
2
Children's Book References
276
3
Part Four Developing Expressive Language
Connections: Speaking and Writing
279
30
Functios of Speaking and Writing
281
2
Speaking and Writing to Compose
283
2
Roles of Purpose, Audience, and Form
285
5
Purpose
285
1
Audience
286
1
Form
287
1
Hows Purpose, Audience, and Form Interact
288
2
Aspects of Composing
290
8
Planning
290
3
Drafting
293
1
Revising
294
2
Sharing
296
2
Guiding Composing
298
9
Writing Conferences
298
3
Directed Speaking/Writing Activity
301
3
Speaking/Writing Transfer Lesson
304
3
Summary
307
1
Reflections
307
1
Professional Resources
307
1
References
308
1
Children's Book References
308
1
Speaking to Learn
309
38
Role of Talk in Learning
311
3
Second-Language Learners and Language Variation
312
2
Effective Speaking
314
1
Oral Language Models
315
1
Teacher and Peers
315
1
Speaking Role Models in Literature
316
1
Creating a Classroom Context
316
1
Providing Spoken Language Experiences
317
22
Conversation: Talking Informally Together
317
3
Discussion: Interacting in Cooperative Groups
320
9
Reports: Presenting to a Group
329
2
Creative Dramatics: Role-Playing through Drama
331
6
Storytelling: Relating Stories to Others
337
2
Evaluating Speaking
339
3
Summary
342
1
Reflections
342
1
Professional Resources
342
1
References
343
1
Children's Book References
344
3
Writing to Learn
347
48
Writing Workshop
350
2
Planning
352
11
Forms of Writing
363
Writing Role Models in Literature
360
2
Classroom Climate
362
1
Drafting
363
6
Sustained Writing
365
1
Word Processing
366
2
Writing Folders
368
1
Writing Center
368
1
Revising
369
5
Editing
371
3
Mini-Lessons and Conferences
374
1
Publishing
374
4
Display and Bookmaking
376
1
Oral Reading
377
1
Writing Assessment
378
11
Rubrics
379
2
Audience Response
381
3
Portfolios
384
5
Summary
389
1
Reflections
389
1
Professional Resources
389
1
References
390
1
Children's Book References
391
4
Part Five Developing Receptive and Expressive Language Together
Language Tools: Spelling, Grammar, and Handwriting
395
36
Composition and Transcription
398
1
Spelling: To Teach or Not?
399
15
Key Ideas about Spelling
400
4
Teaching Spelling
404
1
Key Ideas about Spelling Instruction
405
8
Computers and Spelling
413
1
Grammar: Why, How Much, and When?
414
7
Key Ideas about Grammar
418
3
Handwriting: Legibility or Neatness?
421
7
Key Ideas about Handwriting
421
1
Teaching Handwriting
422
1
Manuscript versus Cursive
423
1
Legibility
424
2
Calligraphy
426
1
Form and Appearance
426
2
Summary
428
1
Reflections
429
1
Professional Resources
429
1
References
429
1
Children's Book References
430
1
Connections among the Language Arts
431
44
A Language Arts Quilt
434
2
Literacy Connections
434
1
Listening/Speaking Relationship
435
1
Reading/Writing Relationship
436
1
Language Differences
436
1
Connections That Build Literacy
437
35
Technology, Literacy, and Learning
438
8
Experience Stories
446
4
Inquiry and Research
450
13
Litearture Models
463
9
Summary
472
1
Reflections
472
1
Professional Resources
473
1
References
473
1
Children's Book References
474
1
Managing an Integrated Language Arts Program
475
36
Planning an Integrated Program
477
16
Diverse Learners
478
2
Curriculum
480
2
time and Schedules
482
1
Resources
482
11
Organizing for Instruction
493
12
Flexible Grouping
493
4
Glassroom Arrangement
497
1
Independent Learning
498
7
Assessing the Program
505
4
Curriculum
505
1
Teaching
505
2
Learning
507
2
Summary
509
1
Reflections
509
1
Professional Resources
509
1
References
510
1
Annotated Bibliography of Children's Books
511
6
Children with Various Heritages
511
5
African Americans
511
1
Asian Americans
512
1
European Americans
513
1
Hispanic Americans
513
1
Native Americans
514
1
Various Backgrounds and heritages
515
1
Children with Special Needs
516
1
Author Index
517
4
Subject Index
521