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Tables of Contents for Audiences and Intentions
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Preface
xiii
A Note to the Reader
xvii
The Concept of Audience
1
77
Your Particular Audience
2
1
Your Implied Audience
3
5
Examples of the Arguer---Audience Relationship
8
21
Two Letters to Susan
8
6
Margaret Banning
Letter to Scottie
14
3
F. Scott Fitzgerald
My Father's Letters
17
2
Scottie Fitzgerald Lanahan
Advice to Youth
19
3
Samuel Clemens
Young Soul
22
1
Imamu Amiri Baraka (LeRoi Jones)
Mr. Collins Proposes
23
6
Jane Austen
Audiences All Around
29
5
The Gospel of Mark The Parable of the Sower
32
2
Reacting and Writing
34
2
Additional Readings
36
41
Science, Literature and Rhetoric
36
4
Arthur Quinn
Genesis vs. Geology
40
8
Stephen Jay Gould
Letter from Birmingham Jail
48
15
Martin Luther King Jr.
Letter to a Young Surgeon
63
3
Richard Selzer
The Story of Shakespeare's Sister
66
11
Virginia Woolf
Reacting and Writing
77
1
The Idea of Intention
78
110
Four Arguments, Four Intentions
79
7
Letter to Captain John Smith
80
1
Powhatan
Speech at the End of Lord Dunmore's War
81
1
Logan
We All Belong to One Family
81
2
Tecumseh
Our People Are Ebbing Away Like a Rapidly Receding Tide
83
3
Seattle
How Intention Varies with Audience
86
10
Address to the Jews of Antioch
87
2
St. Paul
Address to the Greek Philosophers
89
1
St. Paul
Three Letters from Prison
90
6
Bartolomeo Vanzetti
Preaching to the Converted: A Common Intention
96
13
The Book Of Samuel David's Elegy for Saul and Jonathan
96
1
Aeneas to His Men
97
3
Virgil
The Gettysburg Address
100
1
Abraham Lincoln
Lincoln Speaks at Gettysburg
101
8
Carl Sandburg
Reacting and Writing
109
1
Additional Readings
110
1
Three Essays on Education
Why Johnny Can't Tell Right from Wrong
110
12
William K. Kilpatrick
Taking Women Students Seriously
122
7
Adrienne Rich
Learning to Hear the Small, Soft Voices
129
3
Michael Gorra
Six Essays on the Arts
132
23
Not Listening to Music
132
3
E. M. Forster
Georgia O'Keeffe
135
3
Joan Didion
A Poem of One's Own
138
11
Mary Jo Salter
How the West Was Lost
149
2
David Denby
Indians in Aspic
151
2
Michael Dorris
A New Age Daydream
153
2
Pauline Kael
Five Arguments Using Personal Experience
155
31
No Name Woman
155
10
Maxine Hong Kingston
Back to Bachimba
165
7
Enrique Lopez
Once More to the Lake
172
5
E. B. White
From the Poets in the Kitchen
177
7
Paule Marshall
The Writer
184
2
Richard Wilbur
Reacting and Writing
186
2
Three Basic Tools For Making An Argument Persuasive
188
92
Ethos Appeals
188
30
The Gastronomical Me
192
1
M. F. K. Fisher
The Measure of My Powers
193
4
M. F. K. Fisher
Ahab and Nemesis
197
11
A. J. Liebling
On Dumpster Diving
208
10
Lars Eighner
Pathos Appeals
218
13
Antony's Speech over the Body of Caesar
218
10
William Shakespeare
Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God
228
2
Jonathan Edwards
A Fence
230
1
Carl Sandburg
Logos Appeals
231
6
Milo's Innocence
233
1
Marcus Tullius Cicero
Tag Questions
234
2
Robin Lakoff
Evidence for the High Rate of Increase Among Living Beings
236
1
Charles Darwin
Using the Three Appeals in Constructing an Argument
237
16
The Nature of Prejudice
237
7
Gordon Allport
How It Feels to Be Colored Me
244
3
Zora Neale Hurston
An Escape from Judge Lynch
247
6
Roy Wilkins
Reacting and Writing
253
1
Organizing Your Appeals
254
6
The Declaration of Independence
255
5
Thomas Jefferson
Additional Readings
260
19
High Noon in Latin America
260
3
Carlos Fuentes
The Embassy to Achilles
263
13
Homer
The Death of the Moth
276
3
Virginia Woolf
Reacting and Writing
279
1
Argument's Ethical Dimension
280
89
Ethics and the Three Appeals
281
1
Evaluating Ethical and Unethical Arguments
282
1
Ethics and Your Own Arguments
283
82
The Corcyraeans
284
9
Thucydides
The Case for the Pigs
293
5
George Orwell
A Modest Proposal
298
6
Jonathan Swift
Crito
304
12
Plato
On Human Obligations
316
7
Simone Weil
On Propaganda
323
7
Adolf Hitler
The Battle of Britain
330
8
Winston Churchill
Why Eichmann Must Hang
338
3
Hannah Arendt
Stockmann's Speech
341
8
Henrik Ibsen
Valmont Explains the Appearances
349
7
Choderlos De Laclos
Jason Explains
356
7
Euripides
The Pie
363
2
Gary Soto
Reacting and Writing
365
4
Four Symposia
369
229
Censorship and Freedom of Expression
369
52
On the Need for Censorship
370
13
Plato
The Harm Principle
383
8
John Stuart Mill
The Flag-Burning Case
391
15
U. S. Supreme Court
On Racist Speech
406
5
Charles R. Lawrence III
``Speech Codes'' on the Campus and Problems of Free Speech
411
6
Nat Hentoff
It's Time to Acknowledge the Damage Inflicted by Intolerance
417
4
Nell Irvin Painter
Reacting and Writing
421
1
Our Relationship to Our Natural Environment
421
52
The Earth Is Not the White Man's Brother
422
1
Seattle
The Hetch-Hetchy Valley
423
7
John Muir
A statement of San Francisco's Side of the Hetch-Hetchy Reservoir Matter
430
7
Marsden Manson
The Damnation of a Canyon
437
5
Edward Abbey
Where I Lived, and What I Lived For
442
11
Henry David Thoreau
The Menace of Nature
453
4
Brigid Brophy
Total Eclipse
457
11
Annie Dillard
Releasing Wolves from Symbolism
468
3
Renee Askins
Wolf Reintroduction an Environmental Crapshoot
471
2
Alston Chase
Reacting and Writing
473
1
Sex, Gender, Family
474
71
The Book of Genesis Adam and Eve
475
3
Augustine of Hippo The Blessing of Fertility and the Institution of Marriage
478
2
The Wife of Bath's Prologue and Tale
480
33
Geoffrey Chaucer
Aristophanes on Love
513
4
Plato
Civilization and Its Discontents
517
6
Sigmund Freud
The Rewards of Living a Solitary Life
523
1
May Sarton
A Case for Gay Marriage
524
6
Brent Hartinger
Against Gay Marriage
530
3
Dennis O'Brien
Why Mothers Should Stay Home
533
7
Deborah Fallows
Building the Third Wave: Reflections of a Young Feminist
540
5
Laurie Ouellette
Reacting and Writing
545
1
Politics, Principles, and Practicalities
546
51
The Example of Regulus
546
5
Marcus Tullius Cicero
Of the Things for Which Men, and Especially Princes, Are Praised or Blamed
551
7
Niccolo Machiavelli
The Illusion of the Leader's Freedom
558
4
Leo Tolstoy
The Mytilenian Debate
562
8
Thucydides
The Melian Dialogue
570
7
Thucydides
Farewell Address
577
4
George Washington
A New Nationalism
581
6
Patrick Buchanan
Bosnia: We must Be the Leaders of Peace
587
5
Warren Christopher
Steering Clear of the Balkan Shoals
592
5
George Kenney
Reacting and Writing
597
1
Suggestions for Further Reading
598
2
Credits
600
3
Author and Title Index
603