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Tables of Contents for Targeting Guns
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Abbreviations Frequently Used in the Book
xiii
2
Preface
xv
1 INTRODUCTION
1
30
Why Does the Issue Matter? Violent Uses of Guns
1
7
Trends in Gun-Related Violent Crime
8
1
Gun Violence and the "Needle in the Haystack" Problem
8
1
The Appearance of Reason--Fallacies in Gun Control Reasoning
9
9
Is There an Association between Guns and Violence?
18
6
Tables
24
7
2 ILLEGITIMATE PRACTICES IN SUMMARIZING RESEARCH ON GUNS AND VIOLENCE
31
32
"All Studies Are Created Equal": Failing to Distinguish Technically Sound Studies from Poor Ones
32
2
Inconsistent Application of Critical Standards
34
3
Using Speculation to Rebut Empirical Evidence
37
1
Selective Omission of Studies with Unsupportive Findings
38
5
Magnanimous Neutrality: "The Findings Are Mixed"
43
1
Nontalsifiable Propositions and the Use of Scientific Conservatism as a Political Weapon
44
3
"Evidence Is Worthless if It Is Not Perfect"
47
2
An Illustration of How a Literature Review Can Mislead
49
4
An Fpidemic of Misleading Summaries of Evidence
53
1
Selective Reporting by Researchers of Their Own Findings
54
2
The Medical/Public Health Literature on Guns and Violence
56
4
False Citation of Prior Research
60
2
Conclusions
62
1
3 THE OWNERSHIP AND ACQUISITION OF GUNS
63
42
Size of the Civilian Gun Stock
63
7
Who Owns Guns?
70
2
The Blumstein Speculation about Diffusion of Guns and Youth Homicide Increases in 1985-1991
72
2
Why People Own Guns
74
11
Uses of Guns
85
1
How Are Guns Acquired?
86
2
Interstate Gunrunning
88
2
Gun Thefts
90
4
Conclusions
94
2
Tables
96
9
4 SEARCHING FOR "BAD" GUNS: The Focus on Special Gun Types
105
42
Types of Guns
106
2
Machine Guns
108
2
Assault Rifles and Assault Weapons
110
2
The Prevalence of AWs As Crime Weapons
112
16
Plastic Guns
128
1
"Cop-killer" Bullets
129
1
"Saturday Night Specials"--Small, Cheap Handguns
130
5
Handguns
135
4
Conclusions
139
2
Tables
141
6
5 GUNS AND SELF-DEFENSE
147
44
The Nature of Defensive Gun Use
148
1
The Frequency of Defensive Gun Use (DGU)
149
3
The National Crime Victimization Survey Estimates
152
2
How the Scholarly Community Has Addressed the Issue
154
5
DGU Frequency Compared with the Frequency of Gun Crimes
159
1
Problems with the Surveys
160
2
Shooting in Self-Defense
162
2
Keeping Guns Loaded in the Home
164
1
Who Uses Guns for Self-Protection?
165
1
Psychological Effects of Keeping Guns for Protection
165
2
Effectiveness and Risks of Armed Resistance to Criminals
167
7
Rape and Resistance
174
1
The Police Chief's Fallacy
175
2
The Nonsense Ratio: An Exercise in Ingenious Speciousness
177
2
Crimes Involving Defensive Gun Use
179
1
Deterrence
179
3
Guns and the Displacement of Burglars from Occupied Homes
182
2
Conclusions
184
3
Tables
187
4
6 CARRYING GUNS FOR SELF-PROTECTION
191
24
Why Gun Carrying Matters
191
2
Purposes and Motives for Carrying Guns
193
3
Prior Research
196
2
The Meaning of Gun "Carrying" in Surveys
198
1
Prevalence of Gun Carrying in Previous Studies
199
2
Prevalence of Carrying Guns to School and Gun Violence in School
201
3
The Impact of Carrying by Noncriminals on Carrying by Criminals
204
1
The National Self-Defense Survey: Gun Carrying among Adults
205
2
Who Carries Guns for Protection?
207
2
Conclusions
209
3
Tables
212
3
7 GUNS AND VIOLENT CRIME
215
50
Guns and Power
218
1
Issues of Assault Outcomes
218
2
Attack
220
6
Injury
226
1
Death
227
10
Guns in Robbery and Rape
237
3
Analysis of Individual Incidents of Violence
240
3
Case-Control Research on Homicidal Behavior
243
5
Macrolevel Analysis of Gun Ownership and Violence Rates
248
3
International Comparisons and the Killias Research
251
4
A City-Level Study of Gun Levels and Violence Crime Rates
255
1
The Blumstein Fallacy and Homicide Increases among Young Blacks, 1985-1991
256
2
Conclusions
258
2
Tables
260
5
8 GUNS AND SUICIDE
265
28
The Lethality of Shooting Compared to Other Suicide Methods
265
2
Ownership and Acquisition of Suicide Guns
267
1
Types of Guns Used in Suicides
268
1
What Suicides Might Be Prevented by Reduced Gun Availability?
269
6
Prior Studies of Method Availability and Suicide Rates
275
4
Case-Control Studies of Household Gun Ownership and Suicide
279
5
The Impact of Gun Ownership Levels on Suicide Rates
284
1
City-Level Analysis of the Impact of Guns on Suicide Rates
285
1
The Impact of Gun Control Laws on Suicide
286
3
Tables
289
4
9 FIREARMS ACCIDENTS
293
32
The Frequency of Gun Accidents
294
2
Trends in Gun Accidents
296
2
Children and Gun Accidents
298
4
Gun Types Involved
302
2
The Victims and Shooters in Gun Accidents
304
3
Gun Accidents and Low Self-Control
307
1
Alcohol Involvement
308
1
Circumstances and Activities Associated with Gun Accidents
308
4
Defective Firearms
312
1
Personality Traits of the Accident-Involved
312
1
Reducing Gun Accidents
313
7
City-Level Analysis of the Impact of Gun Levels on Fatal Gun Accident Rates
320
1
Conclusions
321
2
Tables
323
2
10 PUBLIC OPINION AND THE BASES OF SUPPORT FOR GUN CONTROL
325
26
Some Caveats about Interpreting Public Opinion Polls
325
4
Gun Control as a Low-Salience Issue
329
5
Trends in Public Opinion on Gun Control, 1959-1994
334
2
What Kinds of Gun Control Do Americans Favor?
336
2
The Nonutilitarian Nature of Much Gun Control Support
338
2
Who Supports Gun Control?
340
2
Culture Conflict and the War over Guns
342
3
Tables
345
6
11 THE IMPACT OF GUN CONTROL ON VIOLENCE RATES
351
32
Methods of Prior Research
352
5
Results of Prior Research
357
2
Cross-National Comparisons
359
1
The Kleck-Patterson Study of Gun Control Impact
360
7
Gun Decontrol: When Florida Made It Easier to Get Carry Permits
367
5
Other Gun Control Strategies
372
3
The Brady Act
375
2
Conclusions
377
1
Tables
378
5
12 CONCLUSIONS
383
14
The Shape of Effective Gun Controls
385
1
A Workable Gun Control Strategy
386
1
The National Instant Records Check
387
1
Regulating Private Transfers of Guns
388
2
Adequacy of Criminal Records
390
1
Who Should Be Disqualified?
390
2
Regulating Gun Carrying
392
1
Improved Enforcement of Carry Laws
393
1
Other Elements
394
3
References
397
34
Name Index
431
10
Subject Index
441