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Tables of Contents for International Law and Infectious Diseases
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Abbreviations
xix
Tables of Cases
xxv
Table of Treaties, Declarations, and Resolutions
xxviii
Introduction
1
4
Re-Emergence of an Old Challenge for the International Community
5
16
Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases
5
1
Globilization of Public Health
6
12
Microbialpolitik
18
1
Conclusion
19
2
Brief History of International Law on the Control of Infectious Diseases
21
37
Introduction
21
1
Overview of International Law on Infectious Disease Control, 1852--1951
21
5
Objectives of International Law on Infectious Diseases, 1851--1951
26
26
Infectious Disease Control Prior to 1851
26
2
To Protect Europe form 'Asiatic' Diseases
28
7
To Harmonize Quarantine
35
7
To Create an International Surveillance System
42
5
To Create a Permanent International Health Organization
47
5
Microbialpolitik---1851--1951
52
6
International Health Regulations
58
23
Introduction
58
1
Development
58
1
Legal Basis
59
2
Objectives
61
4
Maximum Security
61
1
Surveillance
62
1
Health Organizations
62
1
Handling Specific Diseases
63
1
Minimum Interference
63
2
Effectiveness
65
6
Surveillance Breakdown
65
1
Ineffectiveness of Protection Measures
66
1
Excessive Measures
67
1
Enforcement
68
2
Epidemiology as the Answer
70
1
WHO's Revision of the IHR
71
8
Changes Affecting the Maximum Security Objective
72
1
Syndrome Reporting
72
1
Greater Information Flows
73
2
Changes Affecting the Minimum Interference Objective
75
3
Summary on IHR Provisional Draft
78
1
IHR and Microbialpolitik
79
2
Sources of International Law and the Control of Infectious Diseases
81
33
Introduction
81
1
Conventions
81
17
Entering Agreements
84
1
Reservations
85
2
Interpretation
87
1
Interpretation of the Existing IHR
87
4
Interpretation under the IHR Provisional Draft
91
1
Amendments
92
2
Monitoring and Enforcement
94
4
Customary International Law
98
11
Treaty Rules into Custom?
99
5
Relevance of Other Customary International Legal Principles
104
4
Summary on Customary International Law
108
1
General Principles of Law
109
1
Judicial Decisions and the Writings of Publicists
110
1
Sources of International Law Outside Article 38(1)
111
3
International Trade Law and Infectious Diseases
114
55
Introduction
114
1
Trade, Quarantine, and Infectious Disease Control
115
6
Trade and the International Sanitary Conferences
115
1
International Sanitary Conventions and Trade
116
1
International Trade and Plant and Animal Diseases
117
1
Plant Diseases
117
1
Animal Diseases
118
2
International Health Regulations and Trade
120
1
Development of International Trade Law on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures
121
43
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
121
1
Recognition of the Sovereign Right to Restrict Trade to Protect Public Health
122
1
GATT Discipline on the Sovereign Right
123
1
Chapeau
123
2
Necessary Requirement
125
1
Difficulties with Article XX(b)
126
7
Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures
133
2
Requirement that SPS Measures be Based on Science
135
1
Preliminary Questions
136
2
SPS Agreement's Science-Based Disciplines
138
8
SPS Agreement's Trade-Related Disciplines
146
1
Article 2
147
1
Article 5
148
4
Summary on SPS Agreement
152
1
Regional Trade Agreements and SPS Measures
152
1
EC Law
153
6
NAFTA
159
4
Other International Trade Law Issues and Infectious Disease Control
163
1
International Trade Law and Microbiapolitik
164
5
International Human Rights Law and Infectious Diseases
169
52
Introduction
169
1
Limiting Human Rights to Protect Public Health
170
9
Historical Treatment of Individuals
170
2
After the Human Rights Revolution
172
7
The Human Right to Health and Infectious Disease Control
179
18
Right to Health in International Law
180
1
Content of the Right to Health
181
1
An Indeterminate Norm?
181
2
Consensus on Certain Principles
183
2
Maximum and Minimum Content
185
2
Minimum Content Analysis Through Treaty Law
187
10
Summary on the Right to Health
197
1
HIV/AIDS: Development of a Human Rights Discourse during an Infections Disease Pandemic
197
20
HIV/AIDS as the Catalyst for the Union of Public Health and Human Rights
197
3
Human Rights Implications of the HIV/AIDS Pandemic
200
1
HIV/AIDS and Civil and Political Rights
200
1
Dealing with Those Infected with HIV/AIDS
201
5
Surveillance in the Community
206
3
HIV/AIDS and Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights
209
4
Implmentation and Enforcement
213
4
Convlusion: Human Rights, Infections Diseases, and Microbialpolitik
217
4
War, Weapons, and Infectious Diseases
221
24
Introduction
221
1
War as Disruption of the Human--Microbe Environment
222
1
International Legal Rules on How Force is Used: Regulating Weapons and Targets
223
12
Weapons
224
1
Biological Weapons
224
7
Conventional Weapons
231
2
Targets
233
2
Coping with the Adverse Public Health Consequences of War
235
3
Combatants
235
1
Wounded and Sick Combatants
235
1
Prissoners of War
236
1
Non-combatants
237
1
War Crimes and Public Health
238
4
Conclusion: Microbialpolitik and International Law on Armed Conflict
242
3
International Environmental Law and Infectious Diseases
245
34
Introduction
245
1
Environmental Degradation and Infectious Diseases
246
6
Air Pollution
246
1
Water Pollution
247
1
Marine Pollution
248
1
Deforestation
248
2
Depletion of the Ozone Layer
250
1
Climate Change
250
2
International Environmental Law and Infectious Diseases
252
22
Air Pollution
253
6
Water Pollution
259
2
Marine Pollution
261
3
Deforestation
264
1
Convention on Biodiversity
265
3
Statement of Forest Principles
268
2
Deforestation and the Health of Indigenous Peoples
270
1
Depletion of the Ozone Layer
270
2
Climate Change
272
2
International Environmental Law and Microbialpolitik
274
5
Microbialpolitik, International Law, and Global Health Jurisprudence
279
31
Introduction
279
1
Microbialpolitik and International Law
279
14
Evolution of Microbialpolitik and International Law on Infectious Diseases
279
4
An International Regime on Infectious Disease Control?
283
1
Lessons from WHO's Predecessor
283
1
Lessons from Other International Organizations
283
4
Critical Analysis of These Comparisons
287
3
Microbialpolitik in the Era of Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases
290
2
Microbialpolitik and International Law
292
1
Microbialpolitik and International Relations Theory
293
10
Is Traditional International Relations Theory Relevant?
294
2
Realism, Liberalism, and Microbialpolitik
296
3
Other Theoretical Approaches and Microbialpolitik
299
1
Critical Theory
299
2
Social Constructivism
301
1
Conclusion on Microbialpolitik and International Relations Theory
302
1
The Future of International Law in Microbialpolitik: Global Health Jurisprudence
303
7
Concept of Global Health Jurisprudence
303
2
Framework Convention on Infectious Diseases
305
2
Global Health Jurisprudence and New Areas of Infectious Disease Concern
307
2
Global Health Jurisprudence and Microbialpolitik
309
1
Conclusion: A `Never Ending Defeat'?
310
7
Appendix Proposal for a World Health Organization Framework Convention on Global Infectious Disease Prevention and Control
317
20
Bibliography
337
20
Index
357