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Tables of Contents for Panic
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Preface
vii
 
Section I Gangs as Moral Panics
1
122
Introduction and Overview
3
1
The Emergence of the Gang Threat
4
1
Structure of the Book
5
4
Conditions, Social Problems, and Moral Panics
9
23
Objectivist versus Constructionist Views of Social Problems
10
1
The Role of Claims-Makers in Defining Social Problems
11
2
Public Bureaucrats as Claims-Makers
13
2
Claims-Making and Moral Panics
15
2
Three Examples of Moral Panics
17
7
The Satanic Panic of the 1980s
17
2
The Crack Epidemic of the 1980s
19
2
Serial Killers
21
3
Gangs as Moral Panics
24
8
The Mods and Rockers
24
2
The Panic in Phoenix, Arizona
26
1
The Panic in California
26
6
Looking Back
32
21
Early 19th Century Urban Gangs
32
3
Western Outlaw Gangs
35
4
Urban Gangs in the Late 19th Century
39
3
Early 20th Century Gangs
42
3
Street Gangs in the 1940s and 1950s
45
3
Gangs in the 1960s and 1970s
48
5
The Police, Crime Control, and Street Gangs
53
25
The Politicization of Crime
54
3
The Criminal Justice Empire
57
6
Crime Panics and Law Enforcement Growth
58
2
The Crime-Fighter Image
60
3
Police Reports of the Gang Crisis
63
8
Claims Regarding Size of Gang Problem
63
4
Claims Regarding Gang Violence
67
1
Claims Regarding Gangs and High-Tech Weaponry
68
1
Claims Regarding Gangs and Illegal Drug Markets
69
2
Police Response to Gangs
71
7
Crime, Gangs, and the News Media
78
21
Extent and Nature of Crime News
79
4
Prevalence of Crime News
79
1
Distortions in Crime Reporting
80
3
Media Coverage of the Criminal Justice System
83
1
Media Coverage of Gangs
84
3
Understanding Media Coverage of Crime and Gangs
87
4
The Production of Crime News: The Role of Law Enforcement
88
2
Determining What Is Newsworthy
90
1
Crime News, Attitudes, and Public Policy
91
8
The Media and Agenda-Setting
92
1
The Media and Public Perceptions of the Gang Problem
92
1
The Media and Criminal Justice Policy
93
1
The Media and Gang Policy
93
6
Gangs and the Sociological Perspective
99
24
The Ascendancy of Sociological Criminology
100
3
Sociological Theories of Crime
103
9
Social Disorganization Models
104
3
Cultural Deviance Theories
107
2
Mixed Models
109
3
The Emergence of the Urban Underclass
112
11
The Urban Underclass and Contemporary Gang Research
113
10
Section II The Gang Panic in Nevada
123
74
The Gang Panic in Las Vegas
125
22
Evolution of the Gang Problem in Las Vegas
125
2
Law Enforcement Responds
127
1
The Community Mobilizes in Response to Reports of the Gang Threat
128
2
Increased Media Attention and Public concern
130
4
The War on Gangs Intensifies
134
1
The Gang Panic on High School Campuses
135
1
Institutionalization of the Gang Panic
136
2
GIS Officers Reports on the Number of Gangs and Gang Members
138
3
GIS Officers' Claims Regarding the Threat Posed by Las Vegas Gangs
141
1
The Objective Threat Posed by Street Gangs in Las Vegas
142
5
The Gang Panic in Reno
147
16
Evolution of the Gang Problem in Reno
147
3
The Police Get Tough on Gangs
150
3
Institutionalization of the Gang Response
153
2
STEP/CAT Officers' Claims Regarding the Number of Gangs and Gang Members
155
2
STEP/CAT Officers' Claims Regarding the Threat Posed
157
1
Reno Gangs
The Objective Threat Posed by Street Gangs in Reno
158
5
Gangs in the Legislature
163
16
Gang Legislation Nationally
164
2
Evolution of Gang Legislation in Nevada
166
1
Legislative Responses to Gangs in 1989
166
3
Juvenile Court Waivers
167
1
Random and Drive-By Shootings
167
1
Crimes on School Grounds
168
1
Using Minors in Drug Trafficking
168
1
Public Housing Evictions
169
1
1991 Nevada Legislative Activity
169
2
The ``Gang Buster'' Tax
169
2
The Gang Enhancement Statute
171
8
Elements of the Gang Enhancement Statute
175
4
Prosecuting Gangs
179
18
Gang Prosecution Nationally
179
1
The Clark County Gang Prosecution Unit
180
4
Objectives of the Gang Prosecution Unit
182
2
Washoe County Dangerous Youthful Offender Team
184
4
Objectives of the DYO Team
186
2
What Is Different about Gang Criminals and Gang Crime?
188
9
Demographic and Criminal History Comparisons
188
2
Offense Comparisons
190
2
Use of Gang Legislation
192
5
Section III Panic at the National Level
197
26
A Nation in Panic?
199
24
A Closer Look at the Nation's Gang Problem
199
1
The Head Counts
200
9
How Do Police Define Gangs?
201
1
Police Perceptions and Gang Realities
202
3
Territoriality
205
1
Dress and Graffiti
206
1
Street Gangs or Law-Violating Groups?
207
2
The Threat Posed by Street Gangs
209
3
Some Nagging Inconsistencies
211
1
Putting the Gang Threat in Perspective
212
2
The Gang--Gun Connection
214
1
The Gang--Drug Connection
215
8
Index
223