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Tables of Contents for Ultrasound and Elastic Waves
How has UT Technology Progressed?
1
1
What Are Some Current Industrial/Manufacturing Applications of UT?
2
3
What Are the Major Medical Applications of UT?
5
2
What Are Some Unique Applications of UT?
7
2
Definitions and Background
What are the Quantitative Measures of a Wave?
14
3
What are the Units of Elasticity, Density, and Wavespeed?
22
3
Wave Propagation Concepts
What are the Types of Elastic Waves?
25
10
How Does a Propagating Wave Change?
40
5
How Do Two or More Waves Interact?
45
16
How Does a Wave Interact with a Nonuniform Object?
61
24
Hardware: Equipment Concepts
Software: Data Processing
What Does Software Do?
85
36
What are the types of Time-Domain Analyses?86
15
What Are the Types of Spectral Analysis?101
7
What Statistical Measurements Are Taken?108
9
What Is Imaging?117
4
Appendix 1 Stress, Strain, and Elasticity (Also Vectors and Tensors)
121
10
D. Alternative Indicial Notation
130
1
Appendix 2 The Generalized Hooke's Law
131
8
B. Stiffness in Rotated Axes
132
1
C. Special Classes of Elastic Materials
133
6
Appendix 3 States of Stress or Strain in Waves
139
8
A. States of Uniaxial Stress or Strain
139
4
B. Uniaxial Stress-Strain Relationships
143
4
Appendix 4 Balance of Forces and Newton's Law of Inertia
147
4
A. One-Dimensional System
148
1
B. Three-Dimensional Systems
148
3
Appendix 5 Theory of Wave Propagation
151
8
A. One-Dimensional Systems
151
3
B. Three-Dimensional Systems
154
1
Appendix 6 Solutions to the Wave Equations
159
10
A. Fundamental Solution Types
159
4
B. Separation of Variables
163
1
C. Plane Waves in Two or Three Dimensions
163
2
D. Plane Wave Solutions
165
4
Appendix 7 Dispersion, Group Velocity
169
6
A. Wave Propagation in Viscoelastic Media
170
1
B. Wave Propagation in a Thick Rod
171
1
Appendix 8 Transducer Beam Forming
175
8
A. Simplified Analysis of Beam Forming
175
1
B. Analysis of Radial Variation over Beam
176
4
C. Analysis of Axial Variation of BeamStrength
180
3
Appendix 9 Solutions for Anisotropy
183
12
B. Material (Particle) Motion and the Principal Directions (Vectors)
186
1
Appendix 10 Oblique Interactions between Waves and Boundaries
195
10
A. Oblique Free-Surface Reflection of a Longitudinal Wave
195
3
B. Oblique Free Surface Reflection of a Transverse Wave
198
2
C. Refraction (Oblique Transmission) of a Longitudinal or Transverse Wave
200
1
Appendix 11 Lateral Stress and Strain in Rods under Axial Loads
205
6
A. Simple Approximation for Thin Rods
205
1
B. The Mindlin-Herrmann Approximation
206
5
Appendix 12 Bending Waves in Beams and Plates
211
10
Appendix 13 Time-Domain Analysis
221
8
A. The Hilbert Transform and the Analytic Envelope and Phase
221
2
B. Time-Domain Signal Conditioning
223
6
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