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Tables of Contents for Cisco Router Handbook
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Foreword
xxix
Cisco IOS Software
1
22
Benefits
2
4
Scalability
2
1
Adaptiveness
3
1
Access Support
3
1
Performance Optimization
4
1
Management
5
1
Security
6
1
Packaging
6
1
Feature Sets
6
1
Feature Packs
7
1
Features Supported
7
16
Protocols
7
5
Management
12
1
Multimedia and QoS
13
1
Secure Data Transmission
14
1
Support for IBM Networking Environments
14
1
IP Routing Protocols
15
1
Bridging
16
1
Packet Switching
17
1
NetFlow Switching
18
1
ATM
18
1
Dial-on-demand Routing
18
1
Access Server
19
1
LAN Extension
20
3
Cisco Router Hardware
23
90
Cisco Router Network Hierarchy
24
4
Core
24
2
Distribution
26
1
Access
26
2
Online Insertion and Removal (OIR)
28
1
Supported Platforms
28
1
OIR Process
28
1
Exceptions to Using OIR
28
1
Cisco 12000 Series
29
14
Cisco 12004 Series
30
1
Cisco 12008 Series
30
2
Cisco 12012 Series
32
1
12000 Usage
32
2
12000 Switch Processors
34
1
12000 Memory
35
1
12000 Line Cards
36
6
12000 Software Support
42
1
Cisco 7500 Series
43
6
Cisco 7505 Series
44
1
Cisco 7507 Series
44
1
Cisco 7513 Series
45
1
7500 Usage
46
1
7500 System Processors
47
1
7500 Memory
48
1
7200 Series
49
3
7200 Usage
51
1
7200 Network Processing Engine
51
1
7200 Memory
51
1
7000 Series
52
16
7000 Usage
53
1
7000 System Processors
53
1
7000 Memory
54
1
Cisco 7x00 Series Interface Processors
55
1
7x00 ATM Interface Processor (AIP)
55
1
7x00 Channel Interface Processor 2 (CIP2)
56
2
7x00 Channelized T3 Interface Processor (CT3IP)
58
1
7x00 Ethernet Interface Processor (EIP)
59
1
7x00 Fast Ethernet Interface Processor (FEIP) and FEIP2
59
2
7x00 FDDI Interface Processor (FIP)
61
1
7x00 Fast Serial Interface Processor (FSIP)
61
1
7x00 High-Speed Serial Interface (HSSI) Interface Processor (HIP)
62
1
7x00 Multichannel Interface Processor (MIP)
63
1
7x00 Packet OC-3 Interface Processor (POSIP)
64
1
7x00 Service Provider MIP (SMIP)
65
1
7x00 Standard Serial Interface Processor (SSIP)
66
1
7x00 Token Ring Interface Processor (TRIP)
67
1
7x00 Versatile Interface Processor 2 (VIP2)
67
1
Cisco 7x00 Series Port and Service Adapters
68
10
7x00 ATM OC-3
69
1
7x00 ATM-Circuit Emulation Services (ATM-CES)
69
1
7x00 100VG-AnyLAN
70
1
7x00 ISDN Basic Rate Interface (BRI)
71
1
7x00 Channelized T1/E1 ISDN PRI
72
1
7x00 Ethernet 10BaseT
72
1
7x00 Ethernet 10BaseFL
73
1
7x00 Fast Ethernet
73
1
7x00 Synchronous Serial
74
1
7x00 Single Port Molex 200-pin Receptacle
75
1
7x00 Synchronous Serial E1-G.703/G.704
75
1
7x00 Token Ring
75
1
7x00 FDDI
76
1
7x00 HSSI
77
1
7x00 Compression Service Adapter
77
1
4000 Series
78
3
4000 Usage
80
1
4000 Processors
80
1
4000 Memory
81
1
3600 Series
81
10
3600 Usage
90
1
3600 Processors and Memory
91
1
2600 Series
91
14
2600 Usage
93
1
2600 Processor
94
1
2600 Memory
94
1
2500 Series
94
10
2500 Usage
104
1
2500 Processor and Memory
104
1
1600 Series
105
3
1600 Usage
107
1
1600 Processor and Memory
107
1
700M Family of Access Routers
108
5
Cisco Router Network Design
113
30
The Networklnfrastructure Lifecycle
115
3
Executive Corporate Vision
116
1
Gather Network Infrastructure Information
116
1
Determine Current Network Requirements
116
1
Assess Current Network Operational Processes
116
1
Research Plans for New Applications
116
1
Identify Networking Technologies
117
1
Define a Flexible Strategic/Tactical plan
117
1
Developing an Implementation Plan
117
1
Management and Review
117
1
Design Criteria
118
9
The Current LAN/Campus Network Trend
118
3
WAN Design Trends
121
1
Remote Network Trends
122
1
Application Availability Versus Cost-Effectiveness
123
1
Application Profile
124
2
Cost-Efficiency
126
1
Network Devices and Capabilities
127
9
Bridging and Routing
128
1
Switching
129
2
Backbone Considerations
131
2
Distributed Services
133
2
Local Services
135
1
Selecting Routing Protocol
136
7
Network Topology
137
1
Addressing and Route Summarization
137
1
Route Selection
138
2
The Concept of Convergence
140
1
Network Scalability
140
2
Security
142
1
IP Routing Protocol Design
143
18
RIP, RIP2, and IGRP Network Design
145
3
RIP, RIP2, and IGRP Topology
146
1
RIP, RIP2, and IGRP Addressing and Summarization
146
1
RIP, RIP2, and IGRP Route Selection and Convergence
147
1
RIP, RIP2, and IGRP Network Scalability
148
1
EIGRP Network Design
148
4
EIGRP Topology
149
1
EIGRP Addressing and Summarization
149
1
EIGRP Route Selection
149
1
EIGRP Convergence
150
1
EIGRP Scalability
151
1
EIGRP Scalability
152
1
EIGRP Security
152
1
OSPF Network Design
152
9
OSPF Topology
152
2
OSPF Addressing and Summarization
154
3
OSPF Route Selection
157
1
OSPF Convergence
158
1
OSPF Scalability
158
1
OSPF Security
159
2
Frame Relay Network Design
161
20
Hierarchical Design of Frame Relay Internetworks
162
3
Frame Relay Scalability
164
1
Frame Relay Management
164
1
Frame Relay Performance
164
1
Frame Relay Network Topology
165
6
Frame Relay Star Topology
165
1
Frame Relay Fully Meshed Topology
166
2
Frame Relay Partially Meshed Topology
168
1
Frame Relay Fully Meshed Hierarchical Topology
168
1
Frame Relay Hybrid Meshed Hierarchical Topology
169
2
Broadcast Traffic Issues
171
1
Performance Considerations
171
4
Determining Maximum rate
174
1
Committed Information Rate (CIR)
174
1
FECN/BECN Congestion Protocol
175
1
Virtual Subinterface and Multiprotocol Management
175
1
SNA Support
175
6
Boundary Network Node (BNN)
176
1
Boundary Access Node (BAN)
177
1
FRAS Host Support
178
3
ATM Internetworking Design
181
18
LAN Emulation (LANE)
182
10
LAN Emulation Client (LEC)
183
1
LAN Emulation Configuration Server (LECS)
184
1
LAN Emulation Server (LES)
184
1
Broadcast Unknown Server (BUS)
185
1
LANE Design Considerations
185
1
Network Support
186
1
Addressing
186
1
LANE ATM Addresses
186
1
Cisco's Method of Automatically Assigning ATM Addresses
187
1
Using ATM Address Templates
188
1
Rules for Assigning Components to Interfaces and Subinterfaces
188
1
Redundancy in LANE Environments
189
3
Data Exchange Interface (DXI)
192
1
Supported Modes
192
1
DXI Addressing
193
1
Classical IP
193
1
Multiprotocol over ATM (MPOA)
194
3
Multiprotocol Client (MPC)
195
1
Multiprotocol Server (MPS)
196
1
MPOA Guidelines
197
1
Bandwidth Support on Routers
197
1
Configurable Traffic Parameters
198
1
Switched LAN Design
199
16
Switched LAN Factors
200
2
Broadcast Radiation
201
1
Well-behaved VLANs
202
1
Inter-VLAN Available Bandwidth
202
1
Administrative Boundaries
202
1
Cisco VLAN Implementation Support
202
8
IEEE 802.10
205
2
IEEE 802.1d
207
1
Inter-Switch Link (ISL)
208
1
LAN Emulation
209
1
Virtual Multi-homed Servers
209
1
Switched LAN Topologies
210
5
Scaled Switching
211
1
Large Switching/Minimal Routing
211
2
Distributed Routing/Switching
213
2
SRB/RSRB Network Design
215
30
Steps to Effective SRB Design
216
3
Determine SRB Protocols
216
1
Determine Parallel Link Requirements
217
1
Specify an Appropriate RSRB Encapsulation Technique
217
1
Determine WAN Frame Size Requirement
218
1
Determine Local Acknowledgment Requirement
218
1
Select the Appropriate IP Routing Protocol
218
1
Explorer Packet Control
218
1
NetBIOS Traffic Management
219
1
Typical SRB Topologies
219
5
Hierarchical
220
1
Distributed
220
1
Flat
220
4
Virtual Ring Concept
224
5
Multiport Bridging
225
1
Redundant Star Topology
225
2
Fully Meshed Topology
227
1
Hierachical Virtual Ring Topology
227
1
Explorer Packet on Virtual Rings
227
2
Proxy Explorer
229
1
NetBIOS Broadcast Control
230
3
NetBIOS Name Caching
231
1
NetBIOS Datagram Broadcast
232
1
NetBIOS Broadcast Throttling
232
1
NetBIOS Broadcast Dampening
233
1
Remote SRB Encapsulation Techniques
233
3
Direct
234
1
TCP Encapsulation
235
1
Fast Sequenced Transport (FST) Encapsulation
236
1
Parallel WAN Link Issues
236
4
Process Switching
238
1
Fast Switching
238
1
Effect of IP Routing Protocols
238
1
Local Acknowledgment
239
1
Design Recommendations
240
1
IP Routing Protocols and SRB
240
2
Link Failure Effects
241
1
IGRP Network Design
241
1
Enhanced IGRP Network Design
242
1
OSPF Network Design
242
1
Queuing and Prioritization
242
3
Priority Queuing
243
1
Custom Queuing
243
1
SAP Prioritization
243
1
LU Address Prioritization
244
1
SAP Filters for WAN Links
244
1
DLSw+ Network Design
245
24
DLSw Standard
246
4
Peer Connections
248
1
Exchange of Capabilities
248
1
Circuit Establishment
249
1
Flow Control
249
1
Cisco DLSw+
250
6
Peer Group Concept
252
2
Explorer Firewalls
254
1
Fault Tolerance
254
1
Load Balancing
255
1
Cisco DLSw+ Transport
256
3
TCP Encapsulation
256
2
Fast Sequenced Transport (FST)
258
1
Direct
258
1
DLSw Lite
259
1
Encapsulation Overhead
259
1
Cisco's Enhanced Modes of Operation
259
2
Dual Mode
260
1
Standard Mode
260
1
Enhanced Mode
260
1
Availability Configurations
261
4
Load Balancing
261
2
Redundancy
263
1
Backup Peers
263
2
Performance Features
265
4
Port Lists
265
1
Peer Groups with Border Peers and On-demand Peers
265
2
Dynamic Peers
267
2
APPN Network Design
269
24
Cisco Support of APPN
272
1
Deciding Factors on Using APPN
273
4
The Dominant Protocol Is SNA
274
1
Class of Service (COS)
274
1
Office-to-Office Connectivity
275
2
Non-APPN-capable SNA Resources
277
1
Dependent Logical Unit Requester/Server
277
1
Network Node Placement
277
1
Performance Considerations
278
8
Topology Database Updates
279
1
Connection Network
280
1
Number of CP-CP Sessions
281
3
Number of Network Nodes
284
1
LOCATE Search
285
1
Recovery Techniques
286
3
Secondary WAN Link
286
1
Dual Routers/Dual WAN Links
286
1
High-Performance Routing
287
1
SSCP Takeover of DLUR
288
1
Queuing and Prioritization
289
1
APPN Buffer and Memory Management
289
4
ISDN and Dial-On-Demand Routing (DDR) Design
293
22
Site Options
294
1
Central Office Switch Considerations
295
2
PRI and BRI
297
1
DDR Model
298
1
DDR Dialer Cloud
299
1
IP Addressing
300
1
Topology
300
2
Point-to-Point
300
1
Hub and Spoke
301
1
Fully Meshed
302
1
Dial Service Considerations
302
3
Data Encapsulation
302
1
Synchronous Lines
303
1
Asynchronous
304
1
ISDN
304
1
Dialer Rotary Groups
304
1
Dialer Profiles
305
1
Dialer Maps
305
1
Routing Packets
305
4
Static Routing
306
1
Dynamic Routing
306
1
Using Passive Interfaces
306
1
Split Horizons
307
1
Dynamically Connected Routes
307
1
Snapshot Routing
307
2
DDR as Dial Backup
309
1
Connection Triggering
309
4
Bandwidth
310
1
Interesting Packets
310
1
Controlling Routing Updates as Triggers
311
1
Access Lists
312
1
Security
313
2
Callback
313
1
Screening
313
2
Preparing the Cisco Router
315
34
Determining the Proper IOS Code
316
3
Locate IOS Using Cisco Connection Online (CCO)
319
2
CCO Software Center
320
1
Downloading IOS to the TFTP Server
321
1
Loading IOS on the Router
321
7
Enter Privileged Mode on the Terminal Interface
322
1
Issue Copy to/from a TFTP Server
323
3
Issue Copy to/from the FTP Server
326
2
Loading CIP or CPA Microcode on a Cisco 7000/7200/7500 Router
328
5
Locating CIP/CPA Microcode on the CCO Software Center
329
1
Enter config Parameters to Load Microcode
330
3
Router Basic Configuration and IOS Commands
333
16
Setting up EXEC and Privileged Mode Access
333
3
BOOT SYSTEM List
336
1
BOOT CONFIG List
337
2
Assigning a Name to the Router
339
1
Enabling a DNS Search and Assigning a Domain
339
1
Specifying SNMP for Router Management
340
7
Using the Banner Command
347
2
IP Configuration
349
56
Defining Subnets on the Router Interfaces
350
9
When to Assign Multiple IP Addresses to an Interface
354
2
Maximizing Network Address Space Using Subnet Zero
356
1
Routing Same Network Packets Without a Routing Table Entry
357
1
Enable IP on a Serial Interface Without Specifying an IP Address
357
2
IP Address Mapping
359
4
Define a Static ARP Cache
362
1
Supporting Multiple ARP Encapsulation Types on an Interface
363
1
Disable Proxy ARP
363
1
Enabling the Use of IP Host Names in Cisco IOS Commands
363
3
Static Definition of IP Host Names and IP Addresses
364
1
Enable the Use of DNS Services
364
2
Disable IP Routing
366
3
Routing Assistance When IP Routing Is Disabled
366
3
Bridging IP, Instead of Routing IP
369
1
Controlling and Managing Broadcast Packets
370
3
Enable Directed Broadcast-to-Physical Broadcast Translation
371
2
Configure IP Services
373
3
Disable ICMP Unreachable Messages
373
1
Disable ICMP Redirect Messages
374
1
Disable ICMP Mask Reply Messages
374
1
Support for Fragmenting Large IP Packets
375
1
Filter IP Packets Using Access Lists
376
14
Create Standard Access Lists Using Numbers and Names
378
3
Extended Access Lists
381
9
Fault-Tolerant Routing of IP Packets
390
6
IP Performance Tuning
396
2
Compressing TCP Headers
396
1
Enable TCP Path MTU Discovery
397
1
Performance Enhancements Through Switching Features
398
7
Enabling Process Switching
398
1
Enabling Fast Switching
399
1
Enabling Fast Switching on the Same Interface
399
1
Enabling Autonomous Switching
399
1
Enabling Silicon Switch Engine (SSE) Switching
400
1
Optimum Fast Switching
400
1
NetFlow Switching
400
3
Distributed Switching
403
2
Defining RIP Routing Protocol
405
26
The Basics of RIP
406
1
Why Use RIP as the Routing Protocol?
407
1
Defining RIP as a Routing Protocol on the Router
408
3
Allow Point-to-Point (NBMA) Updates for RIP
411
5
Specifying the Version of RIP
416
3
Enabling RIP Version 2 Authentication
419
4
Disable RIP Version 2 Route Summarization
423
3
Disabling the Validation of Source IP Addresses
426
2
Reducing Routing Loops with Split-horizon
428
1
Tuning RIP Update Packet Delays
428
1
RIP Updates and the Affect on Bandwidth
429
2
Configuring IGRP Routing Protocol
431
28
Managing IGRP Updates and Route Advertisements
433
4
The Holddown Algorithm for IGRP
434
1
The Split-horizon Algorithm for IGRP
434
3
The Poison-reverse Updates Algorithm for IGRP
437
1
Defining IGRP as a Routing Process
437
4
Using Unicast IGRP Routing Updates
441
4
Increasing Throughput and Reliability Using Unequal-Cost Paths
445
2
Altering IGRP Routing and Metric Computations
447
4
Decreasing IGRP Route Convergence
451
2
Tuning IGRP Route Convergence
453
1
Controlling the Logical Size of an IGRP Network
454
1
Validate Source IP Addresses
455
1
IGRP Updates and the Affect on Bandwidth
456
3
Configuring Enhanced IGRP (EIGRP) Routing Protocol
459
28
Enable EIGRP as a Routing Protocol
461
4
Migrating to EIGRP from IGRP
465
2
Monitoring Neighbor Adjacency Changes
467
2
Managing EIGRP Bandwidth Utilization
469
3
Modifying EIGRP Metric Weights
472
4
Routing Between Disconnected Networks with EIGRP
476
2
Summarizing Routes for Advertisements out Specific Interfaces
478
1
Tuning Hello Packet and the Hold Time intervals
479
2
Split-Horizon and EIGRP
481
1
MD5 Authentication with EIGRP
482
5
Configuring OSPF Routing Protocol
487
38
OSPF with Cisco IOS
490
1
Specifying OSPF on Cisco Routers
491
9
Creating the OSPF Routing Process
492
5
DR and BDR Election Using a Loopback Interface
497
3
Multi-Area OSPF Networks
500
7
OSPF Route Summarization
501
6
Stub, Totally Stubby, and Not-So-Stubby-Area (NSSA) OSPF Areas
507
7
Configuring a Stub and Totally Stubby Areas
509
2
Configuring a NSSA
511
3
Using OSPF Virtual Links
514
3
Configuring Virtual Links
514
3
Non-Broadcast and Broadcast Network Configurations
517
8
Configuring OSPF Point-to-Multipoint
518
7
Configuring BGP Routing Protocol
525
68
Exterior and Interior BGP Sessions
527
2
Path Selection Under BGP
529
1
Defining the BGP Process
530
63
Enabling the BGP Process
530
1
Establishing BGP Peer Connections
531
3
Forcing a Loopback Interface as the BGP Neighbor
534
5
Multihop EBGP Connections
539
3
Controlling Routing Information Using Route Maps
542
4
Redistributing IGP Routes into BGP
546
2
Nexthop Attribute and Multiaccess/NBMA Networks
548
4
Forcing BGP to Prefer a IGP Route Using the Backdoor Command
552
1
Synchronization of Routes
553
2
Best Path Selection Using the Weight Attribute
555
1
Forcing a Preferred AS Exit Path
556
2
Influencing the Preferred Path into an AS
558
2
Grouping Destinations That Share a Common Attribute
560
4
Route and Path Information Filtering
564
7
Manipulating the Path Information Order
571
1
Using BGP Peer Groups
572
2
Aggregate Addresses
574
5
Grouping Multiple Autonomous Systems into a BGP Confederation
579
3
Reducing IBGP Peering Using Route Reflectors (RR)
582
7
Managing Unstable Routes
589
4
Route Redistribution
593
26
Understanding Route Redistribution
594
4
The Redistribution Router Configuration Command
595
3
Selecting the Best Path Based on a Routing Protocol
598
8
Altering Trusted or Believable Routes Using the Distance Command
598
2
Modifying the Seed Metric Using the default-metric Command
600
3
Filtering Redistributed Routes Using the distributelist Command
603
2
Redistribution Considerations
605
1
Redistribution Examples
606
13
RIP V1-to-OSPF Redistribution
606
6
IGRP-to-EIGRP Redistribution
612
4
RIP-to-EIGRP Redistribution
616
3
Defining ATM (LANE, Classical IP, and MPOA)
619
36
Configuring LANE
620
18
Initial Configuration for LANE
620
2
Configuring a LAN Emulation Client (LEC)
622
7
Configuring a LAN Emulation Configuration Server (LECS)
629
6
Configuring a LAN Emulation Server (LES)
635
3
Configure ATM over a Serial Interface
638
2
Configuring Classical IP
640
4
Configuring Multiprotocol over ATM (MPOA)
644
11
Configuring a MPOA Client (MPC)
646
3
Configuring a MPOA Server (MPS)
649
6
Defining Frame Relay
655
28
A Simple Frame Relay Configuration
656
3
Dynamic and Static Addressing
659
5
Frame Relay Subinterfaces
664
6
Point-to-Point Frame Relay Subinterfaces
664
1
Multipoint Frame Relay Subinterfaces
664
2
Specifying a Frame Relay Subinterface
666
4
Hub and Spoke Configurations
670
4
Dynamic Addressing for IP-Only Connectivity
670
2
Static Addressing over a Multipoint Configuration
672
2
Traffic Shaping on Frame Relay
674
4
Transparent Bridging
678
3
Managing Performance Problems Using the Broadcast Queue
681
2
Internet-working Legacy Systems
683
82
Serial Tunneling (STUN)
685
10
Source-Route Bridging Configuration
695
9
Data Link Switching Configuration Plus (DLSw+)
704
18
SDLC to LLC2 (SDLLC)
722
9
Frame Relay BNN and BAN Connectivity
731
10
APPN Support on Cisco Routers
741
9
SNA Support Using a Channel-Attached Cisco Router
750
11
IP Connectivity Using a Channel-Attached Cisco Router
761
4
Defining Novell Networks
765
32
IPX Processing
766
3
Configuring for IPX Routing
766
3
Routing IPX
769
23
IPX RIP
769
3
NLSP Routing
772
10
IPX EIGRP Routing
782
9
IPX Static Routes
791
1
IPX Route Redistribution
792
1
Bridging IPX
793
4
Transparent Bridging
794
1
Encapsulated Bridging
794
3
Configuring ISDN
797
24
Configuring BRI Service
798
4
Configuring Primary Rate Interface (PRI) Service
802
3
Dial-On-Demand routing (DDR) with ISDN
805
4
Using Caller ID
809
1
ISDN Callback
810
2
SNAPSHOT Routing with ISDN
812
5
Using ISDN for dial backup
817
4
Appendix A
821
6
Appendix B
827
4
Appendix C
831
2
Appendix D
833
4
Glossary
837
36
Index
873