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Tables of Contents for Aircraft Safety
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Acknowledgments
xiii
Introduction
xv
PART I: HUMAN FACTORS
Crew resource management
5
14
The goals of CRM
6
1
A study in teamwork
6
1
A skewed sense of leadership
6
1
CRM and overall safety
6
1
The integration of CRM in air carrier operations
7
1
The three-phase process
7
1
Awareness phase
7
1
Practice and feedback phase
8
2
Continuous reinforcement phase
10
1
CRM in action
10
1
CRM for the entire crew
11
2
CRM and air-carrier safety
13
1
Everyday examples
14
1
Pilot-controller
15
1
Case study references
15
1
Chapter review
15
2
Chapter references
17
2
Pilot judgment and aeronautical decision-making
19
24
Understanding the terms
20
1
Good pilot judgment can be learned
20
1
The five hazardous thought patterns
20
12
The decision-making process
32
7
A final lesson in good judgment
39
1
Case study references
40
1
Chapter review
40
1
Chapter references
40
3
Distractions in the cockpit
43
8
Pilots tell it like it is
43
1
Nonflight operations
44
1
Flight operations
45
1
A few final thoughts
46
1
Lessons learned and practical applications
46
1
Case study references
47
1
Chapter review
47
2
Chapter references
49
2
Cockpit discipline
51
6
Philosophy
52
1
Policy making
52
1
Procedures
52
1
Practices
53
1
Individualism
53
1
Complacency
53
1
Laziness
53
1
Frustration
54
1
Safety issues and procedural changes
54
1
Case Study references
55
1
Chapter review
55
1
Chapter references
55
2
Case Studies
57
124
US Air Flight 1493 and Skywest Flight 5569
57
7
Air Florida Flight 90
64
8
Avianca Flight 052
72
12
FAA Beech Super King Air 300
84
6
NOrthwest Airlines Flight 255
90
4
Continental Express Flight 2286
94
9
Runway Incursion: Northwest Flights 1482 and 299
103
8
United Airlines Flight 173
111
8
PART II: METEOROLOGY AND ATMOSPHERIC PHENOMENA
Air masses and fronts
119
6
Air masses
119
1
Fronts
120
1
Warm fronts
121
1
Stationary fronts
121
1
Occlusions
122
1
Chapter review
122
2
Chapter references
124
1
Cloud formation
125
8
Low clouds
125
1
Middle clouds
126
1
High clouds
127
1
Extensive vertical development
127
1
Special cloud types
128
1
Chapter review
128
2
Chapter references
130
3
Thunderstorms
133
6
Unstable air
133
1
Lifting action
133
1
Moisture
134
1
Life cycle of a thunderstorm cell
134
1
Types of thunderstorms
135
1
Meteorological observations
136
1
Case study references
137
1
Chapter review
137
1
Chapter references
138
1
Microbursts and low-level windshear
139
10
Macrobursts
140
1
Microbursts
141
1
Types of mocrobursts
141
2
Types of parent clouds
143
1
Temperature parameters
144
1
Low-level windshear
144
1
Indicators of windshear
145
1
Flying through windshear
146
1
Case study references
146
1
Chapter review
146
2
Chapter references
148
1
Icing conditions
149
14
Stratiform clouds
149
1
Cumuliform clouds
150
1
Cirriform clouds
150
1
Structural icing
150
3
Ice formation on fixed-wing aircraft
153
2
Ice formation on rotary-wing aircraft
155
1
Frontal zones
155
1
Induction icing
156
2
Case study references
158
1
Chapter review
158
4
Chapter references
162
1
Turbulence
163
6
Convective turbulence
163
1
Mechanical turbulence
164
1
Mountain range turbulence
164
1
Mountain wave turbulence
165
1
Flying guidelines around a mountain wave
166
1
Clear-air turbulence
166
1
Chapter review
167
1
Chapter references
168
1
Wake-vortex turbulence
169
12
Wake-vortex motion
169
1
Atmospheric factors
170
1
Flying guidelines
171
1
Wake-vortex research
172
1
Boeing 757 safety concern
172
1
Wake-vortex accidents
173
1
Case study 11-1
173
1
Case study 11-2
174
1
Case study 11-3
174
1
Case study 11-4
175
1
Case study 11-5
176
2
Chapter review
178
1
Chapter references
179
2
Case Studies
181
116
Case Study II-1: US Air Flight 405
181
6
Case Study II-2: Delta Airlines Flight 191
187
7
Case Study II-3: Pan Am Flight 759
194
9
Case Study II-4: Japan Airlines Flight 46E
203
4
Case Study II-5: Eastern Airlines Flight 66
207
14
Case Study II-6: USAir Flight 1016
221
10
PART III: COLLISION AVOIDANCE
See and avoid: The myth
231
22
Physical limitations
232
1
The human eye
232
9
Recognition and reaction
241
1
Other variables
241
2
Background clutter
243
1
The final myth
244
5
Chapter review
249
3
Chapter references
252
1
See and avoid: The reality
253
10
The scanning techniques: A revised version
254
5
Putting it all together: A collision avoidance checklist
259
1
Case study references
260
1
Chapter review
260
1
Chapter references
261
2
The role of air traffic control
263
16
Airspace classification
264
1
A, B, C, D, E, and G
264
5
Pilot responsibilities
269
1
VFR altitudes
270
1
Clearing up misconceptions
270
1
Air traffic control and the VFR pilot
270
2
Radio communication and phraseology
272
3
Radio discipline
275
1
Final thoughts
276
1
Case study references
276
1
Chapter review
276
1
Chapter refernces
277
2
Traffic alert and collision avoidance systems
279
18
TAU principle
280
1
Transponders
280
1
TCAS I
281
1
TCAS II
281
1
TCAS II operation
281
4
TCAS II hardware
285
1
TCAS legislation
286
4
A difference of opinion
290
1
Future of TCAS
291
1
TCAS today
291
1
Chapter review
292
2
Chapter references
294
3
Case Studies
297
46
PSA Flight 182 and a Cessna 172
297
5
A Piper Aerostar and a Bell 412SP
302
7
Aeromexico Flight 498 and a Piper Cherokee
309
4
A Mitsubishi MU-2 and a Piper Saratoga
313
8
A Cessna 340 and a North American T-6
321
4
A U.S. Army U-21 and a Piper Navajo
325
5
A Falcon DA 50 and a Piper Archer
330
13
PART IV: MECHANICAL DEFICIENCIES AND MAINTENTANCE OVERSIGHTS
Case Studies
343
28
United Airlines Flight 232
343
8
Air Canada Flight 797
351
9
Continental Express Flight 2574
360
5
Aloha Airlines Flight 243
365
6
Index
371