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Tables of Contents for Its Handbook 2000
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Foreword
xi
Executive Summary
xvii
What Are ITS?
1
38
Definition of ITS
2
1
ITS Deliver Benefits for All
2
3
Reducing Accidents
3
1
Helping to Relieve Congestion
4
1
Environmental Monitoring and Protection
4
1
Productivity and Operational Efficiency
5
1
Comfort Factors
5
1
ITS Context and Concepts
5
6
Framework for Deployment
6
1
Coordination
7
1
Systems Approach
7
1
Technical Concepts
7
1
Systems Architecture
8
1
Key Technologies
8
1
User Services
9
2
Advanced Traffic Management Systems (ATMS)
11
7
Urban Traffic Control (UTC)
14
3
Expressway Management Systems and Ramp Metering
17
1
Demand Management
17
1
Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS)
18
4
Traffic and Traveler Information
19
1
Route Guidance and Navigation
20
2
Advanced Vehicle Control Systems
22
2
Example System: Longitudinal Collision Avoidance
24
1
Commercial Vehicle Operation Systems
24
3
Example System: Commercial Vehicle Preclearance
25
2
Advanced Public Transport Systems (APTS)
27
3
Public Transport Information
27
1
Public Transport Fleet Management and Logistics
28
1
Public Transport Priority
29
1
Emergency Management Systems
30
1
Example System: Emergency Notification and Personal Security
30
1
Electronic Payment (EP) Systems
31
3
Electronic Toll Collection Systems
32
1
Public Transport Fares and Ticketing
33
1
Safety Systems
34
3
Example System: Enhancement for Vulnerable Road Users
36
1
Conclusions and Recommendations
37
2
How Do ITS Work?
39
40
Functions of ITS Components
39
20
Enabling Technologies
40
1
Data Acquisition
41
4
Data Processing
45
3
Data Communications
48
3
Data Distribution
51
3
Information Utilization
54
5
Systems Architecture
59
13
The Need for ITS Architectures
59
2
Levels of Architectures
61
2
User Needs, Functional Requirements, and Concept of Operations
63
4
Logical Architecture
67
1
Physical Architecture
68
1
Organizational Architecture
69
3
The ISO ITS Reference Architecture
72
1
Standards
72
2
Types of ITS Standards
73
1
Motivation for Standards
73
1
Current Status
74
3
Planning for ITS Standards Application
75
2
Conclusions and Recommendations
77
2
What Can ITS Do for Me?
79
30
Evaluation Approaches
79
5
Example of Project Evaluation
80
2
Evaluation Methodologies
82
2
Evaluation Results
84
18
Benefits
85
6
Costs
91
1
Cost-Effectiveness
92
2
Benefit-Cost
94
5
Data Sources and Future Trends
99
3
Evaluation for Planning Decisions
102
5
Projection of ITS Program Benefits
102
1
New Challenges
103
4
Conclusions and Recommendations
107
2
How Do I Plan and Finance ITS?
109
34
Planning for ITS Deployment
109
14
The ITS Conceptual Plan
110
4
The ITS Implementation Plan
114
7
Project Management
121
2
Working with the Private Sector
123
10
Why Involve the Private Sector?
123
2
Public/Private Partnership Models
125
4
Obstacles to Private Sector Participation
129
1
Risk Sharing
130
1
Public Procurement
131
1
Monopoly or Competition?
132
1
Financing and Contracts
133
5
Budgetary Environment
133
1
Innovative Financing Arrangements
134
3
Other Examples of ITS Contracts
137
1
Examples of Private Sector Participation
138
3
Research and Development Consortium
138
1
ITS Showcase or Test Bed
139
1
Highway Traffic Control Centers
140
1
Joint Venture by Competitors
140
1
Public/Private Collaborative Venture
141
1
Conclusions and Recommendations
141
2
How Do I Launch ITS?
143
24
Launching ITS at the Program Level
143
5
National ITS Program Formation
144
1
National Strategic Plan Development
145
1
Effective Liaison and Institutional Arrangements
146
1
Common Enabling Technologies
147
1
Different Emphases in ITS Implementation
148
1
Launching ITS at the Project Level
148
13
Common Guidelines for All ITS Services
149
2
Guidelines for Launching ATMS Projects
151
1
Guidelines for Launching ATIS Projects
152
4
Guidelines for Launching APTS Projects
156
2
Guidelines for Launching CVO Projects
158
1
Guidelines for Launching Electronic Payment Projects
159
2
Conclusions and Recommendations
161
6
What About Transitional Countries?
167
24
Special Considerations for Transitional Countries
167
3
The Transportation Challenge and Motivating Questions
168
1
Understanding Special Requirements of Transitional Countries
168
2
ITS Status and Plans in Transitional Countries
170
10
The Asian Region
171
2
The Central and Eastern European Region
173
4
The Latin American Region
177
3
Key Points and Suggestions
180
10
The Myths and the Reality of ITS in Transitional Countries
180
4
Key Points for Decision Makers in Transitional Countries
184
4
Key Points for Industrially Mature Country Representatives
188
2
Conclusions and Recommendations
190
1
Appendix A: User Services
191
10
Appendix B: Case Studies
201
54
Appendix C: Country Profiles
255
106
Appendix D: Reference Architecture
361
4
Appendix E: ITS Unit Costs
365
4
Appendix F: Questionnaires for Transitional Countries
369
12
Appendix G: A Bilateral Cooperative Program
381
10
Appendix H: Bibliography
391
10
Appendix I: Acronyms
401
6
Appendix J: Terminology
407
6
PIARC---World Road Association
413
10
Index
423