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Tables of Contents for Viral Encephalitis in Humans
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Preface
ix
Acknowledgments
xi
INTRODUCTION
1 Pathological Features of Encephalitis in Humans
3
18
Sources of Information on the Pathology of Encephalitis
3
2
Naked-Eye Examination of the Brain and Routine Light Microscopy
5
1
Immunocytochemistry
6
1
PCR
7
1
In Situ Hybridization
7
1
Electron Microscopy
8
1
Pathological Features Common to Most Forms of Viral Encephalitis
8
4
Pathological Features Restricted to Certain Forms of Encephalitis
12
3
Complications and Sequelae
15
1
The Need for Autopsies
16
5
2 Diagnostic Evaluation
21
10
Differentiation of Encephalitis from Other Conditions
21
2
Types of Encephalitis: Key Initial Questions
23
1
Clinical Classification of Encephalitis
24
1
Diagnostic Evaluation of Encephalitis
25
2
Diagnostic Virology and Serology
27
2
Encephalitis of Undetermined Etiology
29
1
Summary
29
2
3 Management Decisions in Acute Encephalitis
31
10
Common Management Issues
31
1
Antiviral and Immunomodulating Therapy
32
1
Therapy by Type of Encephalitis
32
1
Clinical Evaluation for Acute Management
33
1
Acute Management Decisions
34
1
Reduction of Raised ICP
35
1
Control of Seizures
35
1
Management in the Recovery Period
36
1
Appendix-Encephalitis Treatment Checklist Arranged by Clinical Classification
37
4
ACUTE SPORADIC ENCEPHALITIS
4 Herpes Simplex Encephalitis
41
20
Introduction and Classification of Acute Sporadic Encephalitis
41
1
HSV
42
1
Historical Considerations
42
1
Pathology of HSE
43
4
Pathology of Atypical HSV-1 Encephalitis and HSV-2 Encephalitis and Myelitis
47
1
Pathogenesis of HSE
47
1
Clinical Evaluation of HSE
48
6
Therapy, Course, and Outcomes
54
7
5 Systemic Viral Diseases and Encephalitis
61
20
Exanthematous Diseases
61
4
Mumps
65
2
EBV-IM-Glandular Fever
67
3
Adenovirus
70
1
Gastroenteritis-Rotaviruses
71
1
Hepatitis Viruses
72
9
6 Encephalitis Viruses Transmitted from Animals
81
16
Sporadic Arbovirus Infection
81
1
LCMV
82
1
Rabies
83
6
Herpes B Virus of Monkeys-Herpesvirus simiae Cercopithecine Herpesvirus
89
8
ACUTE PARAINFECTIOUS IMMUNE-MEDIATED ENCEPHALOMYELITIS
7 Pathology of Allergic Forms of Encephalomyelitis
97
10
Pathology of Human PVE (ADEM)
98
1
Pathology of AH LE
99
1
Acute Parainfectious Encephalopathy
100
1
Pathogenesis of Allergic Encephalitis
101
6
8 Clinical Syndromes Including Smallpox and Measles
107
20
ADEM
107
3
Acute Cerebellar Ataxia and Related Syndromes
110
1
Brain Stem ADEM Including Bickerstaff's Brain Stem Encephalitis
111
1
Miller Fisher Syndrome
112
1
ATM
112
1
Acute Hemorrhagic Leukoencephalopathy (Hurst)
113
1
Acute Encephalopathy, Including Reye's Syndrome
114
1
Postviral Stroke
115
1
Smallpox and Its Vaccination
116
3
Measles
119
8
9 Varicella-Zoster Virus: the Paradox of Immune Mediation and Immunocompromise
127
16
Chicken Pox
128
1
Zoster
129
14
ACUTE EPIDEMIC ENCEPHALITIS
10 Influenza Virus, Enteroviruses, and Other Epidemic Viruses
143
20
Human-To-Human Transmission
144
10
Animal-To-Human Transmission: Nipah Virus
154
1
Unknown Means of Transmission
155
8
11 The Arboviruses
163
30
Pathology
163
1
Pathogenesis
164
1
Diagnosis and Management
165
1
Mosquito-Borne Encephalitides
165
15
TBEs
180
13
SUBACUTE AND CHRONIC ENCEPHALITIS AND PRION DISEASES
12 HIV/AIDS
193
28
The Pathogenesis and Pathology of AIDS
194
1
Systemic Pathology of AIDS
195
1
Neuropathology of HIV Infection
196
1
Pre-AIDS Neuropathology in Untreated Individuals: Lymphocytic Meningitis
196
1
AIDS Neuropathology
196
3
Neuronal Pathology and Its Pathogenesis
199
2
Vascular Pathology
201
1
AIDS-Associated Myelopathy and HIV Myelitis
201
1
Influence of Antiretroviral Treatment on the Neuropathology of AIDS
201
1
Clinical Features of Early HIV Disease in the CNS
201
4
Antiretroviral Therapy
205
1
Clinical Features of AIDS in the CNS
205
6
Pediatric AIDS
211
10
13 Encephalitis in Immunocompromised Patients
221
16
PML
221
4
CMV Encephalitis and Radiculomyelitis
225
3
Enteroviral CNS Infections in Primary Hypogammaglobulinemie or Agammaglobulinemia
228
1
Immunosuppressive Measles Encephalitis (IME)
229
1
Encephalitis Associated with Organ Transplantation and Bone Marrow Allografting
230
7
14 Encephalitis in Immunocompetent Patients
237
16
SSPE
237
5
Progressive Rubella Panencephalitis (PRP)
242
1
HAM/TSP
243
2
Rasmussen's Encephalitis
245
1
Vilyuisk Encephalitis Bokhoror
246
1
Borna Disease
247
6
15 Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease and Other Prion Disorders
253
18
Pathology
254
4
Pathogenesis of CJD
258
2
Diagnosis and Management
260
6
Infection Control
266
5
Index
271