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Tables of Contents for Uncertain Futures
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Tables
xi
Foreword
xv
Comment
xvii
Preface
xix
Acknowledgments
xxiii
Transition Systems for Youth
1
22
Transitional Expectations for Adulthood
2
1
Assessment of Transitional Systems for Youth
3
3
Cross-National Comparisons
6
2
Investment in Human Potential
8
1
Risk Factors Associated with Foster Placement
9
2
Transitional Case Profiles: Ruth, George, and Carol
11
4
Analysis of Transitional Case Profiles
15
1
Toward Community Transitional Systems
16
1
Transition Systems for Youth: Interpretive Summary
17
3
References
20
3
Potential for Independence
23
18
Early Perceptions of Foster Care Influence
23
1
Reappraisals of Foster Care
24
1
The Festinger Report
25
1
The WESTAT National Survey
26
1
San Francisco Bay Area Survey
27
1
Foster Youth-in-Transition Project---University of Illinois
27
5
Foster Youth Transitions to Adulthood---University of Wisconsin Follow-up Study
32
1
Older Wards Study---State of Illinois
33
1
Cross-National Comparisons
34
2
Potential for Self-Sufficiency: An Interpretive Summary
36
3
References
39
2
Legislative Initiatives for Independent Living
41
18
Early Advocacy Efforts
42
3
Palmer v. Cuomo
45
2
Federal Independent-Living Initiatives
47
3
Postemancipation Services
50
1
The Foster Care Independence Act of 1999
51
1
Cross-National Trends
52
3
Interpretive Summary: Legislative Options for Self-Sufficiency
55
2
References
57
2
Trends in Program Design
59
16
Revised Independent-Living Legislation
59
3
Implementation Issues
62
1
Standards for Improving Practice
63
2
Independent-Living Plans: Selected State Profiles
65
8
Assessment
73
1
References
74
1
Profiles of Emancipated Youth: 10-Year Outcomes
75
14
Wyatt
76
1
Jack
77
1
William
78
1
Sergio
79
1
Kathy
80
2
Carol
82
1
Michele
83
1
Ronna
84
1
Assessment: A 10-Year Follow-up Perspective
84
3
Reference
87
2
Education, Employment, and Income
89
20
The Education Imperative
89
1
Education and Income
90
1
Trends in the Employment Marketplace
91
2
School-to-Work Trends
93
2
Apprenticeships, Cooperative Education, and Career Academies
95
4
Forecasting Occupational Trends
99
2
Career Planning: Occupational Profiles
101
4
Assessment
105
1
References
106
3
Preparing Adolescent Wards for Independence in Foster Family Settings
109
16
Foster Homes: A Utilization Profile
109
2
Centrality of Foster Family Care
111
1
Importance of Foster Families in Youths' Lives
112
4
Prospects and Challenges for Foster Family Care: A 21st-Century Perspective
116
3
Toward a Family-Based Placement Continuum
119
2
Evaluation of New Foster Home Models
121
1
References
122
3
Placement Restrictiveness and Educational Achievement Among Emancipated Foster Youth
125
16
Least Restrictive Placement Mandate
125
1
Placements Rated High in Restrictiveness
125
2
Background Literature
127
2
Database
129
1
Measuring Placement Restrictiveness
129
2
Educational Achievement Indices
131
3
Assessment
134
4
References
138
3
Preparing Foster Wards with Disabilities for Self-Sufficiency
141
12
Perspective on Youth with Disabilities
141
1
Study Focus
142
1
Database
142
1
Results
143
5
Assessment
148
3
References
151
2
Effectiveness of Transitional Apartments
153
10
Perspectives on Housing Options
153
2
Database
155
1
Perceived Effectiveness of Placement Options
155
1
Lifeskills Inventory
156
1
Case Record Review
157
1
Readiness for Independent Living: Age 18 Measures
158
1
Outcome Indicators: Age 21 Follow-up
159
1
Assessment
159
3
References
162
1
Effectiveness of Mentors for Adolescents in Placement
163
16
Mentoring: An Emerging Social Movement
163
1
Obstacles in Mentoring Disadvantaged Youth
164
1
Foster Youth Mentor Project
164
1
Effectiveness of Mentor/Mentee Matches
165
1
Quality of Relationship
166
2
Independent-Living Preparation
168
1
Mentor/Mentee Profiles
169
8
Assessment
177
1
References
178
1
Wraparound Services, Subsidies, and Mentors as Social Capital
179
18
Wraparound Services as Social Capital
181
6
Subsidies as Social Capital
187
5
Citizen-Mentors as Social Capital
192
3
Assessment
195
1
References
196
1
Transitional Services for Emancipated Foster Youth
197
8
The Texas Profile
197
1
Tuition Waiver Legislation
198
1
Texas Youth Leadership Committee
199
1
Expanding Transitional Resources
200
2
Future Plans
202
3
Independent-Living Housing Issues
205
16
Importance of Transitional Housing
205
1
Housing Options: Definitions
206
1
Licensing Issues
207
1
Funding
207
1
Public Versus Private
208
1
Supervised Versus Semisupervised Living Arrangements
208
1
Issues for Consideration
209
1
Supervision and Monitoring
210
1
Crisis Management
211
1
A Living Arrangement Options Continuum
212
2
Risk Management
214
1
Staff Issues
215
1
Policies for Youth
216
1
Screening and Intake Issues
216
2
It Takes a System
218
1
Reference
219
2
Community College Opportunities for Older Foster Youth: The California Profile
221
10
The California Profile
221
1
Why Community Colleges?
222
1
Program Description
223
1
Program Parameters
223
2
Challenges
225
1
Effects on Life Circumstances
226
4
The California CCF
230
1
Personal Responsibility: A Goal for Adolescents in Foster Care
231
12
Barriers to Learning Personal Responsibility in the Present Foster Care System
231
1
A Small Futures Perspective
232
1
Lack of System Accountability for Emancipated Youth
233
1
Crises Take Precedence
234
1
Lack of Role Models and Supports for Personal Responsibilities
234
1
System Fails to Support Teens Who Do Assume Personal Responsibility
235
1
Teaching Self-Advocacy
236
3
Toward a Future-Oriented Program Model
239
3
Reference
242
1
Wraparound Services: Facilitating the Transition from Foster Care to Young Adulthood
243
10
Perspective on Wraparound
243
1
Jessica's Story: Wrapping for Support, Teaching, and Guidance
244
2
Devin's Story: Dreams from the Sideline of a Wraparound Playbook
246
4
Wrap-up Summary
250
1
References
251
2
Assessment: An Interpretive Summary
253
20
Roots and Wings: A Dual Challenge for Service Delivery
253
1
Advocates for Foster Youth
254
3
Toward Achieving Economic Self-Sufficiency
257
3
Expanding the Knowledge Base
260
6
A Look to the Future
266
3
References
269
4
Appendix 1 Foster Care Independence Act of 1999
273
6
Purpose of the John H. Chafee Foster Care Independence Program
273
1
Highlights of the John H. Chafee Foster Care Independence Program
274
2
Minimum Components of the Five-Year Plan for the John H. Chafee Foster Care Independence Program
276
3
Appendix 2 Transition to Adulthood: A Foster Youth Resource Inventory
279
6
National Organizations
279
1
Government Organizations
280
1
State Programs
281
1
International Organizations
282
1
Other Resources
283
2
Appendix 3 National Youth-in-Transition Database
285
6
Legislative Framework for a National Youth-in-Transition Database (NYTD)
285
1
Data Elements: Outcomes and Measures Specified in the Chafee Foster Care Independence Act of 1999
286
1
Implementation: Data Collection Procedures
287
3
References
290
1
Appendix 4 Foster Youth Speak Out
291
6
Arizona
292
1
Connecticut
292
1
Florida
293
1
Kentucky
294
1
Missouri
294
1
References
295
2
Appendix 5 Family Violence and Young Survivors: Life Before, During, and After Foster Care
297
20
About the Author and Contributors
317
1
Author
317
1
Contributors
318