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Tables of Contents for Basic Writings of Saint Thomas Aquinas
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Volume I GOD AND THE ORDER OF CREATION
I. GOD: THE DIVINE UNITY. TEXT: Summa Theologica, I, Questions I-26
5
269
Q.1 THE NATURE AND DOMAIN OF SACRED DOCTRINE.
5
13
ART. 1 WHETHER, BESIDES THE PHILOSOPHICAL SCIENCES, ANY FURTHER DOCTRINE IS REQUIRED?
5
1
2 WHETHER SACRED DOCTRINE IS A SCIENCE?
6
1
3 WHETHER SACRED DOCTRINE IS ONE SCIENCE?
7
1
4 WHETHER SACRED DOCTRINE IS A PRACTICAL SCIENCE?
8
1
5 WHETHER SACRED DOCTRINE IS NOBLER THAN OTHER SCIENCES?
9
1
6 WHETHER THIS DOCTRINE IS A WISDOM?
10
2
7 WHETHER GOD IS THE SUBJECT-MATTER OF THIS SCIENCE?
12
1
8 WHETHER SACRED DOCTRINE IS ARGUMENTATIVE?
13
1
9 WHETHER HOLY SCRIPTURE SHOULD USE METAPHORS?
14
2
10 WHETHER IN HOLY SCRIPTURE A WORD MAY HAVE SEVERAL SENSES?
16
2
Q.2 THE EXISTENCE OF GOD.
18
7
ART. 1 WHETHER THE EXISTENCE OF GOD IS SELF-EVIDENT?
18
2
2 WHETHER IT CAN BE DEMONSTRATED THAT GOD EXISTS?
20
1
3 WHETHER GOD EXISTS?
21
4
Q.3 ON THE SIMPLICITY OF GOD.
25
12
ART. 1 WHETHER GOD IS A BODY?
25
2
2 WHETHER GOD IS COMPOSED OF MATTER AND FORM?
27
1
3 WHETHER GOD IS THE SAME AS HIS ESSENCE OR NATURE?
28
2
4 WHETHER ESSENCE AND BEING ARE THE SAME IN GOD?
30
1
5 WHETHER GOD IS CONTAINED IN A GENUS?
31
1
6 WHETHER IN GOD THERE ARE ANY ACCIDENTS?
32
1
7 WHETHER GOD IS ALTOGETHER SIMPLE?
33
2
8 WHETHER GOD ENTERS INTO THE COMPOSITION OF OTHER THINGS?
35
2
Q.4 THE PERFECTION OF GOD.
37
5
ART. 1 WHETHER GOD IS PERFECT?
37
1
2 WHETHER THE PERFECTIONS OF ALL THINGS ARE IN GOD?
38
2
3 WHETHER ANY CREATURE CAN BE LIKE GOD?
40
2
Q.5 ON GOODNESS IN GENERAL.
42
9
ART. 1 WHETHER GOODNESS DIFFERS REALLY FROM BEING?
42
1
2 WHETHER GOODNESS IS PRIOR IN IDEA TO BEING?
43
2
3 WHETHER EVERY BEING IS GOOD?
45
1
4 WHETHER GOODNESS HAS THE ASPECT OF A FINAL CAUSE?
46
1
5 WHETHER THE ESSENCE OF GOODNESS CONSISTS IN LIMIT, SPECIES AND ORDER?
47
2
6 WHETHER GOODNESS IS RIGHTLY DIVIDED INTO THE BEFITTING, THE USEFUL AND THE PLEASANT?
49
2
Q.6 THE GOODNESS OF GOD.
51
5
ART. 1 WHETHER TO BE GOOD BELONGS TO GOD?
51
1
2 WHETHER GOD IS THE HIGHEST GOOD?
52
1
3 WHETHER TO BE ESSENTIALLY GOOD BELONGS TO GOD ALONE?
53
1
4 WHETHER ALL THINGS ARE GOOD BY THE DIVINE GOODNESS?
54
2
Q.7 THE INFINITY OF GOD.
56
7
ART. 1 WHETHER GOD IS INFINITE?
56
1
2 WHETHER ANYTHING BUT GOD CAN BE ESSENTIALLY INFINITE?
57
2
3 WHETHER AN ACTUALLY INFINITE MAGNITUDE CAN EXIST?
59
2
4 WHETHER AN INFINITE MULTITUDE CAN EXIST?
61
2
Q.8 THE EXISTENCE OF GOD IN THINGS.
63
7
ART. 1 WHETHER GOD IS IN ALL THINGS?
63
1
2 WHETHER GOD IS EVERYWHERE?
64
2
3 WHETHER GOD IS EVERYWHERE BY ESSENCE, PRESENCE AND POWER?
66
2
4 WHETHER TO BE EVERYWHERE BELONGS TO GOD ALONE?
68
2
Q.9 THE IMMUTABILITY OF GOD.
70
4
ART. 1 WHETHER GOD IS ALTOGETHER IMMUTABLE?
70
1
2 WHETHER TO BE IMMUTABLE BELONGS TO GOD ALONE?
71
3
Q.10 THE ETERNITY OF GOD.
74
11
ART. 1 WHETHER THIS IS A GOOD DEFINITION OF ETERNITY: the simultaneously-whole and perfect possession of interminable life?
74
2
2 WHETHER GOD IS ETERNAL?
76
1
3 WHETHER TO BE ETERNAL BELONGS TO GOD ALONE?
77
1
4 WHETHER ETERNITY DIFFERS FROM TIME?
78
2
5 THE DIFFERENCE OF AEVITERNITY AND TIME.
80
2
6 WHETHER THERE IS ONLY ONE AEVITERNITY?
82
3
Q.11 THE UNITY OF GOD.
85
6
ART. 1 WHETHER one ADDS ANYTHING TO being?
85
2
2 WHETHER ONE AND MANY ARE APPOSED TO EACH OTHER?
87
1
3 WHETHER GOD IS ONE?
88
2
4 WHETHER GOD IS SUPREMELY ONE?
90
1
Q.12 HOW GOD IS KNOWN BY US.
91
21
ART. 1 WHETHER ANY CREATED INTELLECT CAN SEE THE ESSENCE OF GOD?
91
2
2 WHETHER THE ESSENCE OF GOD IS SEEN BY A CREATED INTELLECT THROUGH A LIKENESS?
93
2
3 WHETHER THE ESSENCE OF GOD CAN BE SEEN WITH THE BODILY EYE?
95
1
4 WHETHER ANY CREATED INTELLECT BY ITS NATURAL POWERS CAN SEE THE DIVINE ESSENCE?
96
2
5 WHETHER THE CREATED INTELLECT NEEDS ANY CREATED LIGHT IN ORDER TO SEE THE ESSENCE OF GOD?
98
1
6 WHETHER OF THOSE WHO SEE THE ESSENCE OF GOD, ONE SEES MORE PERFECTLY THAN ANOTHER?
99
2
7 WHETHER THOSE WHO SEE THE ESSENCE OF GOD COMPREHEND HIM?
101
2
8 WHETHER THOSE WHO SEE THE ESSENCE OF GOD SEE ALL IN GOD?
103
1
9 WHETHER WHAT IS SEEN IN GOD, BY THOSE WHO SEE THE DIVINE ESSENCE, IS SEEN THROUGH ANY LIKENESS?
104
2
10 WHETHER THOSE WHO SEE THE ESSENCE OF GOD SEE ALL THEY SEE IN IT AT THE SAME TIME?
106
1
11 WHETHER ANYONE IN THIS LIFE CAN SEE THE ESSENCE OF GOD?
107
2
12 WHETHER GOD CAN BE KNOWN IN THIS LIFE BY NATURAL REASON?
109
1
13 WHETHER BY GRACE A HIGHER KNOWLEDGE OF GOD CAN BE OBTAINED THAN BY NATURAL REASON?
110
2
Q.13 THE NAMES OF GOD.
112
23
ART. 1 WHETHER A NAME CAN BE GIVEN TO GOD?
112
2
2 WHETHER ANY NAME CAN BE APPLIED TO GOD SUBSTANTIALLY?
114
2
3 WHETHER ANY NAME CAN BE APPLIED TO GOD PROPERLY?
116
1
4 WHETHER NAMES APPLIED TO GOD ARE SYNONYMOUS?
117
1
5 WHETHER WHAT IS SAID OF GOD AND OF CREATURES IS UNIVOCALLY PREDICATED OF THEM?
118
3
6 WHETHER NAMES PREDICATED OF GOD ARE PREDICATED PRIMARILY OF CREATURES?
121
1
7 WHETHER NAMES WHICH IMPLY RELATION TO CREATURES ARE PREDICATED OF GOD TEMPORALLY?
122
4
8 WHETHER THIS NAME GOD NAMES A NATURE?
126
1
9 WHETHER THIS NAME GOD IS COMMUNICABLE?
127
2
10 WHETHER THIS NAME GOD IS APPLIED TO GOD UNIVOCALLY?
129
2
11 WHETHER THIS NAME, HE WHO IS, IS THE MOST PROPER NAME OF GOD?
131
1
12 WHETHER AFFIRMATIVE PROPOSITIONS CAN BE FORMED ABOUT GOD?
132
3
Q.14 ON GOD'S KNOWLEDGE.
135
27
ART. 1 WHETHER THERE IS KNOWLEDGE IN GOD?
135
2
2 WHETHER GOD UNDERSTANDS HIMSELF?
137
2
3 WHETHER GOD COMPREHENDS HIMSELF?
139
1
4 WHETHER THE ACT OF GOD'S INTELLECT IS HIS SUBSTANCE?
140
1
5 WHETHER GOD KNOWS THINGS OTHER THAN HIMSELF?
141
2
6 WHETHER GOD KNOWS THINGS OTHER THAN HIMSELF BY PROPER KNOWLEDGE?
143
2
7 WHETHER THE KNOWLEDGE OF GOD IS DISCURSIVE?
145
2
8 WHETHER THE KNOWLEDGE OF GOD IS THE CAUSE OF THINGS?
147
1
9 WHETHER GOD HAS KNOWLEDGE OF THINGS THAT ARE NOT?
148
1
10 WHETHER GOD KNOWS EVIL THINGS?
149
1
11 WHETHER GOD KNOWS SINGULAR THINGS?
150
2
12 WHETHER GOD CAN KNOW INFINITE THINGS?
152
2
13 WHETHER THE KNOWLEDGE OF GOD IS OF FUTURE CONTINGENT THINGS?
154
3
14 WHETHER GOD KNOWS WHATEVER IS ENUNCIABLE?
157
1
15 WHETHER THE KNOWLEDGE OF GOD IS VARIABLE?
158
2
16 WHETHER GOD HAS A SPECULATIVE KNOWLEDGE OF THINGS?
160
2
Q.15 ON IDEAS.
162
6
ART. 1 WHETHER THERE ARE IDEAS?
162
1
2 WHETHER THERE ARE MANY IDEAS?
163
2
3 WHETHER THERE ARE IDEAS OF ALL THINGS THAT GOD KNOWS?
165
3
Q.16 ON TRUTH.
168
12
ART. 1 WHETHER TRUTH RESIDES ONLY IN THE INTELLECT?
168
2
2 WHETHER TRUTH RESIDES ONLY IN THE INTELLECT COMPOSING AND DIVIDING?
170
1
3 WHETHER the true AND being ARE CONVERTIBLE TERMS?
171
1
4 WHETHER good IS LOGICALLY PRIOR TO the True?
172
2
5 WHETHER GOD IS TRUTH?
174
1
6 WHETHER THERE IS ONLY ONE TRUTH ACCORDING TO WHICH ALL THINGS ARE TRUE?
175
1
7 WHETHER CREATED TRUTH IS ETERNAL?
176
1
8 WHETHER TRUTH IS IMMUTABLE?
177
3
Q.17 CONCERNING FALSITY.
180
7
ART. 1 WHETHER FALSITY EXISTS IN THINGS?
180
2
2 WHETHER THERE IS FALSITY IN THE SENSES?
182
1
3 WHETHER FALSITY IS IN THE INTELLECT?
183
2
4 WHETHER true AND false ARE CONTRARIES?
185
2
Q.18 THE LIFE OF GOD.
187
8
ART. 1 WHETHER TO LIVE BELONGS TO ALL NATURAL THINGS?
187
2
2 WHETHER LIFE IS AN OPERATION?
189
1
3 WHETHER LIFE IS PROPERLY ATTRIBUTED TO GOD?
190
2
4 WHETHER ALL THINGS ARE LIFE IN GOD?
192
3
Q.19 THE WILL OF GOD.
195
20
ART. 1 WHETHER THERE IS WILL IN GOD?
195
1
2 WHETHER GOD WILLS THINGS OTHER THAN HIMSELF?
196
2
3 WHETHER WHATEVER GOD WILLS HE WILLS NECESSARILY?
198
2
4 WHETHER THE WILL OF GOD IS THE CAUSE OF THINGS?
200
2
5 WHETHER ANY CAUSE CAN BE ASSIGNED TO THE DIVINE WILL?
202
1
6 WHETHER THE WILL OF GOD IS ALWAYS FULFILLED?
203
2
7 WHETHER THE WILL OF GOD IS CHANGEABLE?
205
2
8 WHETHER THE WILL OF GOD IMPOSES NECESSITY ON THE THINGS WILLED?
207
2
9 WHETHER GOD WILLS EVILS?
209
1
10 WHETHER GOD HAS FREE CHOICE?
210
1
11 WHETHER THE WILL OF SIGN IS TO BE DISTINGUISHED IN GOD?
211
2
12 WHETHER FIVE SIGNS OF WILL ARE RIGHTLY HELD OF THE DIVINE WILL?
213
2
Q.20 GOD'S LOVE.
215
8
ART. 1 WHETHER LOVE EXISTS IN GOD?
215
2
2 WHETHER GOD LOVES ALL THINGS?
217
2
3 WHETHER GOD LOVES ALL THINGS EQUALLY?
219
1
4 WHETHER GOD ALWAYS LOVES BETTER THINGS MORE?
220
3
Q.21 THE JUSTICE AND MERCY OF GOD.
223
6
ART. 1 WHETHER THERE IS JUSTICE IN GOD?
223
2
2 WHETHER THE JUSTICE OF GOD IS TRUTH?
225
1
3 WHETHER MERCY CAN BE ATTRIBUTED TO GOD?
226
1
4 WHETHER IN EVERY WORK OF GOD THERE ARE MERCY AND JUSTICE?
227
2
Q.22 THE PROVIDENCE OF GOD.
229
9
ART. 1 WHETHER PROVIDENCE CAN SUITABLY BE ATTRIBUTED TO GOD?
229
2
2 WHETHER EVERYTHING IS SUBJECT TO THE PROVIDENCE OF GOD?
231
3
3 WHETHER GOD HAS IMMEDIATE PROVIDENCE OVER EVERYTHING?
234
2
4 WHETHER PROVIDENCE IMPOSES ANY NECESSITY ON WHAT IT FORESEES?
236
2
Q.23 PREDESTINATION.
238
16
ART. 1 WHETHER MEN ARE PREDESTINED BY GOD?
238
2
2 WHETHER PREDESTINATION PLACES ANYTHING IN THE PREDESTINED?
240
1
3 WHETHER GOD REPROBATES ANY MAN?
241
2
4 WHETHER THE PREDESTINED ARE ELECTED BY GOD?
243
1
5 WHETHER THE FOREKNOWLEDGE OF MERITS IS THE CAUSE OF PREDESTINATION?
244
4
6 WHETHER PREDESTINATION IS CERTAIN?
248
1
7 WHETHER THE NUMBER OF THE PREDESTINED IS CERTAIN?
249
2
8 WHETHER PREDESTINATION CAN BE FURTHERED BY THE PRAYERS OF THE SAINTS?
251
3
Q.24 THE BOOK OF LIFE.
254
5
ART. 1 WHETHER THE BOOK OF LIFE IS THE SAME AS PREDESTINATION?
254
1
2 WHETHER THE BOOK OF LIFE REGARDS ONLY THE LIFE OF GLORY OF THE PREDESTINED?
255
1
3 WHETHER ANYONE MAY BE BLOTTED OUT OF THE BOOK OF LIFE?
256
3
Q.25 THE POWER OF GOD.
259
11
ART. 1 WHETHER THERE IS POWER IN GOD?
259
1
2 WHETHER THE POWER OF GOD IS INFINITE?
260
2
3 WHETHER GOD IS OMNIPOTENT?
262
3
4 WHETHER GOD CAN MAKE THE PAST NOT TO HAVE BEEN?
265
1
5 WHETHER GOD CAN DO WHAT HE DOES NOT?
266
2
6 WHETHER GOD CAN DO BETTER THAN WHAT HE DOES?
268
2
Q.26 THE DIVINE BEATITUDE.
270
4
ART. 1 WHETHER BEATITUDE BELONGS TO GOD?
270
1
2 WHETHER GOD IS CALLED BLESSED ACCORDING TO HIS INTELLECT?
271
1
3 WHETHER GOD IS THE BEATITUDE OF EACH OF THE BLESSED?
272
1
4 WHETHER EVERY BEATITUDE IS INCLUDED IN THE BEATITUDE OF GOD?
272
2
II. GOD: THE DIVINE PERSONS TEXT: Summa Theologica, I, Questions 27-43.
274
152
Q. 27 THE PROCESSION OF THE DIVINE PERSONS.
274
8
ART. 1 WHETHER THERE IS PROCESSION IN GOD?
274
2
2 WHETHER ANY PROCESSION IN GOD CAN BE CALLED GENERATION?
276
2
3 WHETHER ANY OTHER PROCESSION EXISTS IN GOD BESIDES THAT OF THE WORD?
278
1
4 WHETHER THE PROCESSION OF LOVE IN GOD IS GENERATION?
279
1
5 WHETHER THERE ARE MORE THAN TWO PROCESSIONS IN GOD?
280
2
Q. 28 THE DIVINE RELATIONS.
282
8
ART. 1 WHETHER THERE ARE REAL RELATIONS IN GOD?
282
2
2 WHETHER RELATION IN GOD IS THE SAME AS HIS ESSENCE?
284
2
3 WHETHER THE RELATIONS IN GOD ARE REALLY DISTINGUISHED FROM EACH OTHER?
286
1
4 WHETHER IN GOD THERE ARE ONLY FOUR REAL RELATIONS-PATERNITY, FILIATION, SPIRATION AND PROCESSION?
287
3
Q.29 THE DIVINE PERSONS.
290
9
ART. 1 THE DEFINITION OF person.
290
2
2 WHETHER person IS THE SAME AS HYPOSTASIS, SUBSISTENCE AND ESSENCE?
292
2
3 WHETHER THE NAME person SHOULD BE SAID OF GOD?
294
2
4 WHETHER THIS NAME person SIGNIFIES RELATION?
296
3
Q. 30 THE PLURALITY OF PERSONS IN GOD.
299
8
ART. 1 WHETHER THERE ARE MANY PERSONS IN GOD?
299
1
2 WHETHER THERE ARE MORE THAN THREE PERSONS IN GOD?
300
3
3 WHETHER NUMERAL TERMS DENOTE ANYTHING REAL IN GOD?
303
2
4 WHETHER THIS TERM person CAN BE COMMON TO THE THREE PERSONS?
305
2
Q. 31 WHAT BELONGS TO THE UNITY OR PLURALITY IN GOD.
307
8
ART. 1 WHETHER THERE IS A TRINITY IN GOD?
307
1
2 WHETHER THE SON IS OTHER THAN THE FATHER?
308
3
3 WHETHER THE EXCLUSIVE WORD alone SHOULD BE ADDED TO AN ESSENTIAL TERM IN GOD?
311
1
4 WHETHER AN EXCLUSIVE EXPRESSION CAN BE JOINED TO THE PERSONAL TERM?
312
3
Q. 32 THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE DIVINE PERSONS.
315
9
ART. 1 WHETHER THE TRINITY OF THE DIVINE PERSONS CAN BE KNOWN BY NATURAL REASONS?
315
4
2 WHETHER THERE ARE NOTIONS IN GOD?
319
2
3 WHETHER THERE ARE FIVE NOTIONS?
321
2
4 WHETHER WE MAY HAVE VARIOUS CONTRARY OPINIONS ABOUT THE NOTIONS?
323
1
Q. 33 THE PERSON OF THE FATHER.
324
8
ART. 1 WHETHER IT BELONGS TO THE FATHER TO BE THE PRINCIPLE?
324
1
2 WHETHER THIS NAME Father IS PROPERLY THE NAME OF A DIVINE PERSON?
325
2
3 WHETHER THIS NAME Father IS APPLIED TO GOD WITH PRIORITY AS A PERSONAL NAME?
327
2
4 WHETHER IT IS PROPER TO THE FATHER TO BE UNBEGOTTEN?
329
3
Q.34 THE PERSON OF THE SON.
332
7
ART. 1 WHETHER Word IN GOD IS A PERSONAL NAME?
332
3
2 WHETHER Word IS THE SON'S PROPER NAME?
335
2
3 WHETHER THE NAME Word IMPLIES RELATION TO CREATURES?
337
2
Q.35 THE IMAGE.
339
3
ART. 1 WHETHER image IN GOD IS SAID PERSONALLY?
339
1
2 WHETHER THE NAME Image IS PROPER TO THE SON?
340
2
Q.36 THE PERSON OF THE HOLY GHOST.
342
11
ART. 1 WHETHER THIS NAME Holy Ghost IS THE PROPER NAME OF A DIVINE PERSON?
342
2
2 WHETHER THE HOLY GHOST PROCEEDS FROM THE SON?
344
4
3 WHETHER THE HOLY GHOST PROCEEDS FROM THE FATHER THROUGH THE SON?
348
2
4 WHETHER THE FATHER AND THE SON ARE ONE PRINCIPLE OF THE HOLY GHOST?
350
3
Q.37 THE NAME OF THE HOLY GHOST: LOVE.
353
6
ART. 1 WHETHER Love IS THE PROPER NAME OF THE HOLY GHOST?
353
2
2 WHETHER THE FATHER AND THE SON LOVE EACH OTHER BY THE HOLY GHOST?
355
4
Q.38 THE NAME OF THE HOLY GHOST AS GIFT.
359
4
ART. 1 WHETHER Gift IS A PERSONAL NAME?
359
2
2 WHETHER Gift IS THE PROPER NAME OF THE HOLY GHOST?
361
2
Q.39 THE PERSONS IN REFERENCE TO THE ESSENCE.
363
19
ART. 1 WHETHER IN GOD THE ESSENCE IS THE SAME AS THE PERSON?
363
2
2 WHETHER IT MUST BE SAID THAT THE THREE PERSONS ARE OF ONE ESSENCE?
365
2
3 WHETHER ESSENTIAL NAMES SHOULD BE PREDICATED IN THE SINGULAR OF THE THREE PERSONS?
367
2
4 WHETHER THE CONCRETE ESSENTIAL NAMES CAN STAND FOR THE PERSON?
369
2
5 WHETHER ABSTRACT ESSENTIAL NAMES CAN STAND FOR THE PERSON?
371
3
6 WHETHER THE PERSONS CAN BE PREDICATED OF THE ESSENTIAL NAMES?
374
1
7 WHETHER THE ESSENTIAL NAMES SHOULD BE APPROPRIATED TO THE PERSONS?
375
1
8 WHETHER THE ESSENTIAL ATTRIBUTED ARE APPROPRIATED TO THE PERSONS IN A FITTING MANNER BY THE HOLY DOCTORS?
376
6
Q.40 THE PERSONS AS COMPARED TO THE RELATIONS OR PROPERTIES.
382
8
ART. 1 WHETHER RELATION IS THE SAME AS PERSON?
382
2
2 WHETHER THE PERSONS ARE DISTINGUISHED BY THE RELATIONS?
384
2
3 WHETHER THE HYPOSTASES REMAIN IF THE RELATIONS ARE ABSTRACTED BY THE INTELLECT FROM THE PERSONS?
386
2
4 WHETHER THE PROPERTIES PRESUPPOSE THE NOTIONAL ACTS?
388
2
Q.41 THE PERSONS IN REFERENCE TO THE NOTIONAL ACTS.
390
12
ART. 1 WHETHER THE NOTIONAL ACTS ARE TO BE ATTRIBUTED TO THE PERSONS?
390
1
2 WHETHER THE NOTIONAL ACTS ARE VOLUNTARY?
391
3
3 WHETHER THE NOTIONAL ACTS PROCEED FROM SOMETHING?
394
3
4 WHETHER IN GOD THERE IS A POWER IN RELATION TO THE NOTIONAL ACTS?
397
1
5 WHETHER THE POWER OF BEGETTING SIGNIFIES A RELATION, AND NOT THE ESSENCE?
398
2
6 WHETHER MANY PERSONS CAN BE THE TERM OF ONE NOTIONAL ACT?
400
2
Q.42 EQUALITY AND LIKENESS AMONG THE DIVINE PERSONS.
402
11
ART. 1 WHETHER THERE IS EQUALITY IN GOD?
402
3
2 WHETHER THE PERSON PROCEEDING IS CO-ETERNAL WITH HIS PRINCIPLE, AS THE SON WITH THE FATHER?
405
2
3 WHETHER IN THE DIVINE PERSONS THERE EXISTS AN ORDER OF NATURE?
407
1
4 WHETHER THE SON IS EQUAL TO THE FATHER IN GREATNESS?
408
2
5 WHETHER THE SON IS IN THE FATHER, AND CONVERSELY?
410
1
6 WHETHER THE SON IS EQUAL TO THE FATHER IN POWER?
411
2
Q.43 THE MISSION OF THE DIVINE PERSONS.
413
13
ART. 1 WHETHER A DIVINE PERSON CAN FITTINGLY BE SENT?
413
1
2 WHETHER MISSION IS ETERNAL, OR ONLY TEMPORAL?
414
1
3 WHETHER THE INVISIBLE MISSION OF A DIVINE PERSON IS ONLY ACCORDING TO THE GIFT OF SANCTIFYING GRACE?
415
2
4 WHETHER THE FATHER CAN BE FITTINGLY SENT?
417
1
5 WHETHER IT IS FITTING FOR THE SON TO BE SENT INVISIBLY?
418
2
6 WHETHER THE INVISIBLE MISSION IS TO ALL WHO PARTICIPATE GRACE?
420
1
7 WHETHER IT IS FITTING FOR THE HOLY GHOST TO BE SENT VISIBLY?
421
3
8 WHETHER A DIVINE PERSON IS SENT ONLY BY THE PERSON WHENCE HE PROCEEDS ETERNALLY?
424
2
III. CREATION IN GENERAL. TEXT: Summa Theologica, I, Questions 44-49.
426
54
Q.44 THE PROCESSION OF CREATURES FROM GOD, AND THE FIRST CAUSE OF ALL THINGS.
426
7
ART. 1 WHETHER IT IS NECESSARY THAT EVERY BEING BE CREATED BY GOD?
426
2
2 WHETHER PRIMARY MATTER IS CREATED BY GOD?
428
1
3 WHETHER THE EXEMPLARY CAUSE IS ANYTHING OTHER THAN GOD?
429
2
4 WHETHER GOD IS THE FINAL CAUSE OF ALL THINGS?
431
2
Q.45 THE MODE OF EMANATION OF THINGS FROM THE FIRST PRINCIPLE.
433
14
ART. 1 WHETHER TO CREATE IS TO MAKE SOMETHING FROM NOTHING?
433
1
2 WHETHER GOD CAN CREATE ANYTHING?
434
2
3 WHETHER CREATION IS ANYTHING IN THE CREATURE?
436
2
4 WHETHER TO BE CREATED BELONGS TO COMPOSITE AND SUBSISTING THINGS?
438
1
5 WHETHER IT BELONGS TO GOD ALONE TO CREATE?
439
3
6 WHETHER TO CREATE IS PROPER TO ANY PERSON?
442
2
7 WHETHER IN CREATURES IS NECESSARILY FOUND A TRACE OF THE TRINITY?
444
1
8 WHETHER CREATION ENTERS INTO THE WORKS OF NATURE AND ART?
445
2
Q.46 ON THE BEGINNING OF THE DURATION OF CREATURES.
447
11
ART. 1 WHETHER THE UNIVERSE OF CREATURES ALWAYS EXISTED?
447
5
2 WHETHER IT IS AN ARTICLE OF FAITH THAT THE WORLD BEGAN?
452
3
3 WHETHER THE CREATION OF THINGS WAS IN THE BEGINNING OF TIME?
455
3
Q.47 ON THE DISTINCTION OF THINGS IN GENERAL.
458
6
ART. 1 WHETHER THE MULTITUDE AND DISTINCTION OF THINGS IS FROM GOD?
458
2
2 WHETHER THE INEQUALITY OF THINGS IS FROM GOD?
460
2
3 WHETHER THERE IS ONLY ONE WORLD?
462
2
Q.48 THE DISTINCTION OF THINGS IN PARTICULAR.
464
10
ART. 1 WHETHER EVIL IS A NATURE?
464
2
2 WHETHER EVIL IS FOUND IN THINGS?
466
2
3 WHETHER EVIL IS IN GOOD AS IN ITS SUBJECT?
468
1
4 WHETHER EVIL CORRUPTS THE WHOLE GOOD?
469
2
5 WHETHER EVIL IS ADEQUATELY DIVIDED INTO PAIN AND FAULT?
471
1
6 WHETHER PAIN HAS THE NATURE OF EVIL MORE THAN FAULT HAS?
472
2
Q.49 THE CAUSE OF EVIL.
474
6
ART. 1 WHETHER GOOD CAN BE THE CAUSE OF EVIL?
474
2
2 WHETHER THE SUPREME GOOD, GOD, IS THE CAUSE OF EVIL?
476
1
3 WHETHER THERE BE ONE HIGHEST EVIL WHICH IS THE CAUSE OF EVERY EVIL?
477
3
IV. THE ANGELS. TEXT: Summa Theologica, I, Questions 50-64
480
129
Q.50 THE SUBSTANCE OF THE ANGELS ABSOLUTELY CONSIDERED.
480
11
ART. 1 WHETHER AN ANGEL IS ALTOGETHER INCORPOREAL?
480
2
2 WHETHER AN ANGEL IS COMPOSED OF MATTER AND FORM?
482
3
3 WHETHER THE ANGELS EXIST IN ANY GREAT NUMBER?
485
2
4 WHETHER THE ANGELS DIFFER IN SPECIES?
487
1
5 WHETHER THE ANGELS ARE INCORRUPTIBLE?
488
3
Q.51 THE ANGELS IN COMPARISON WITH BODIES.
491
7
ART. 1 WHETHER THE ANGELS HAVE BODIES NATURALLY UNITED TO THEM?
491
2
2 WHETHER ANGELS ASSUME BODIES?
493
1
3 WHETHER THE ANGELS EXERCISE FUNCTIONS OF LIFE IN THE BODIES ASSUMED?
494
4
Q.52 THE ANGELS IN RELATION TO PLACE.
498
4
ART. 1 WHETHER AN ANGEL IS IN A PLACE?
498
1
2 WHETHER AN ANGEL CAN BE IN SEVERAL PLACES AT ONCE?
499
1
3 WHETHER SEVERAL ANGELS CAN BE AT THE SAME TIME IN THE SAME PLACE?
500
2
Q.53 ON THE LOCAL MOVEMENT OF THE ANGELS.
502
7
ART. 1 WHETHER AN ANGEL CAN BE MOVED LOCALLY?
502
2
2 WHETHER AN ANGEL PASSES THROUGH INTERMEDIATE SPACE?
504
2
3 WHETHER THE MOVEMENT OF AN ANGEL IS INSTANTANEOUS?
506
3
Q. 54 THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE ANGELS.
509
7
ART. 1 WHETHER AN ANGEL'S ACT OF UNDERSTANDING IS HIS SUBSTANCE?
509
2
2 WHETHER IN THE ANGEL TO UNDERSTAND IS TO BE?
511
1
3 WHETHER AN ANGEL'S POWER OF UNDERSTANDING IS HIS ESSENCE?
512
1
4 WHETHER THERE IS AN AGENT AND A POSSIBLE INTELLECT IN AN ANGEL?
513
1
5 WHETHER THERE IS ONLY INTELLECTUAL KNOWLEDGE IN THE ANGELS?
514
2
Q. 55 THE MEDIUM OF THE ANGELIC KNOWLEDGE.
516
6
ART. 1 WHETHER THE ANGELS KNOW ALL THINGS BY THEIR SUBSTANCE?
516
2
2 WHETHER THE ANGELS UNDERSTAND BY SPECIES DRAWN FROM THINGS?
518
1
3 WHETHER THE HIGHER ANGELS UNDERSTAND BY MORE UNIVERSAL SPECIES THAN THE LOWER ANGELS?
519
3
Q. 56 THE ANGELS' KNOWLEDGE OF IMMATERIAL THINGS.
522
6
ART. 1 WHETHER AN ANGEL KNOWS HIMSELF?
522
1
2 WHETHER ONE ANGEL KNOWS ANOTHER?
523
2
3 WHETHER BY HIS OWN NATURAL POWERS AN ANGEL KNOWS GOD?
525
3
Q. 57 THE ANGELS' KNOWLEDGE OF MATERIAL THINGS.
528
10
ART. 1 WHETHER THE ANGELS KNOW MATERIAL THINGS?
528
1
2 WHETHER AN ANGEL KNOWS SINGULARS?
529
3
3 WHETHER ANGELS KNOW THE FUTURE?
532
1
4 WHETHER ANGELS KNOW SECRET THOUGHTS?
533
2
5 WHETHER THE ANGELS KNOW THE MYSTERIES OF GRACE?
535
3
Q. 58 THE MODE OF THE ANGELIC KNOWLEDGE
538
11
ART. 1 WHETHER THE ANGEL'S INTELLECT IS SOMETIMES IN POTENTIALITY, AND SOMETIMES IN ACT?
538
1
2 WHETHER AN ANGEL CAN UNDERSTAND MANY THINGS AT THE SAME TIME?
539
2
3 WHETHER AN ANGEL'S KNOWLEDGE IS DISCURSIVE?
541
1
4 WHETHER THE ANGELS UNDERSTAND BY COMPOSING AND DIVIDING?
542
2
5 WHETHER THERE CAN BE FALSEHOOD IN THE INTELLECT OF AN ANGEL?
544
1
6 WHETHER THERE IS A morning AND AN evening KNOWLEDGE IN THE ANGELS?
545
2
7 WHETHER THE MORNING AND EVENING KNOWLEDGE ARE ONE?
547
2
Q. 59 THE WILL OF THE ANGELS.
549
7
ART. 1 WHETHER THERE IS WILL IN THE ANGELS?
549
2
2 WHETHER IN THE ANGELS THE WILL DIFFERS FROM THE INTELLECT?
551
1
3 WHETHER THERE IS FREE CHOICE IN THE ANGELS?
552
2
4 WHETHER THERE IS AN IRASCIBLE AND A CONCUPISCIBLE APPETITE IN THE ANGELS?
554
2
Q. 60 THE LOVE OR DILECTION OF THE ANGELS.
556
9
ART. 1 WHETHER THERE IS NATURAL LOVE OR DILECTION IN AN ANGEL?
556
1
2 WHETHER THERE IS LOVE OF CHOICE IN THE ANGELS?
557
2
3 WHETHER THE ANGEL LOVES HIMSELF WITH BOTH NATURAL LOVE, AND LOVE OF CHOICE?
559
1
4 WHETHER AN ANGEL LOVES ANOTHER AS HIMSELF WITH NATURAL LOVE?
560
1
5 WHETHER AN ANGEL BY NATURAL LOVE LOVES GOD MORE THAN HE LOVES HIMSELF?
561
4
Q. 61 THE PRODUCTION OF THE ANGELS IN THE ORDER OF NATURAL BEING.
565
6
ART. 1 WHETHER THE ANGELS HAVE A CAUSE OF THEIR BEING?
565
1
2 WHETHER THE ANGEL WAS PRODUCED BY GOD FROM ETERNITY?
566
1
3 WHETHER THE ANGELS WERE CREATED BEFORE THE CORPOREAL WORLD?
567
2
4 WHETHER THE ANGELS WERE CREATED IN THE EMPYREAN HEAVEN?
569
2
Q. 62 THE PERFECTION OF THE ANGELS IN THE ORDER OF GRACE AND OF GLORY.
571
14
ART. 1 WHETHER THE ANGELS WERE CREATED IN BEATITUDE?
571
2
2 WHETHER AN ANGEL NEEDED GRACE IN ORDER TO TURN TO GOD?
573
1
3 WHETHER THE ANGELS WERE CREATED IN GRACE?
574
2
4 WHETHER A BEATIFIED ANGEL MERITS HIS BEATITUDE?
576
1
5 WHETHER THE ANGEL OBTAINED BEATITUDE IMMEDIATELY AFTER ONE ACT OF MERIT?
577
2
6 WHETHER THE ANGELS RECEIVED GRACE AND GLORY ACCORDING TO THE DEGREE OF THEIR NATURAL GIFTS?
579
1
7 WHETHER NATURAL KNOWLEDGE AND LOVE REMAIN IN THE BEATIFIED ANGELS?
580
1
8 WHETHER A BEATIFIED ANGEL CAN SIN?
581
2
9 WHETHER THE BEATIFIED ANGELS ADVANCE IN BEATITUDE?
583
2
Q. 63 THE MALICE OF THE ANGELS WITH REGARD TO SIN.
585
15
ART. 1 WHETHER THE EVIL OF FAULT CAN BE IN THE ANGELS?
585
2
2 WHETHER ONLY THE SIN OF PRIDE AND ENVY CAN EXIST IN AN ANGEL?
587
1
3 WHETHER THE DEVIL DESIRED TO BE AS GOD?
588
2
4 WHETHER ANY OF THE DEMONS ARE NATURALLY WICKED?
590
1
5 WHETHER THE DEVIL WAS WICKED BY THE FAULT OF HIS OWN WILL IN THE FIRST INSTANT OF HIS CREATION?
591
3
6 WHETHER THERE WAS ANY INTERVAL BETWEEN THE CREATION AND THE FALL OF THE ANGEL?
594
1
7 WHETHER THE HIGHEST ANGEL AMONG THOSE WHO SINNED WAS THE HIGHEST OF ALL?
595
2
8 WHETHER THE SIN OF THE HIGHEST ANGEL WAS THE CAUSE OF THE OTHERS SINNING?
597
2
9 WHETHER THOSE WHO SINNED WERE AS MANY AS THOSE WHO REMAINED FIRM?
599
1
Q. 64 THE PUNISHMENT OF THE DEMONS.
600
9
ART. 1 WHETHER THE DEMONS' INTELLECT IS DARKENED BY PRIVATION OF THE KNOWLEDGE OF ALL TRUTH?
600
3
2 WHETHER THE WILL OF THE DEMONS IS OBSTINATE IN EVIL?
603
2
3 WHETHER THERE IS SORROW IN THE DEMONS?
605
1
4 WHETHER OUR ATMOSPHERE IS THE DEMONS' PLACE OF PUNISHMENT?
606
3
V. THE WORK OF THE SIX DAYS. TEXT: Summa Theologica, I, Questions 65-74.
609
73
Q. 65 THE WORK OF CREATION OF CORPOREAL CREATURES.
609
9
ART. 1 WHETHER CORPOREAL CREATURES ARE FROM GOD?
609
2
2 WHETHER CORPOREAL THINGS WERE MADE BECAUSE OF GOD'S GOODNESS?
611
2
3 WHETHER CORPOREAL CREATURES WERE PRODUCED BY GOD THROUGH THE MEDIUM OF THE ANGELS?
613
2
4 WHETHER THE FORMS OF BODIES ARE FROM THE ANGELS?
615
3
Q. 66 THE ORDER OF CREATION TOWARD DISTINCTION.
618
11
ART. 1 WHETHER INFORMITY OF CREATED MATTER PRECEDED IN TIME ITS FORMATION?
618
3
2 WHETHER THE FORMLESS MATTER OF ALL CORPOREAL THINGS IS THE SAME?
621
3
3 WHETHER THE EMPYREAN HEAVEN WAS CREATED AT THE SAME TIME AS FORMLESS MATTER?
624
3
4 WHETHER TIME WAS CREATED SIMULTANEOUSLY WITH FORMLESS MATTER?
627
2
Q. 67 THE WORK OF DISTINCTION IN ITSELF.
629
8
ART. 1 WHETHER light IS USED IN ITS PROPER SENSE IN SPEAKING OF SPIRITUAL THINGS?
629
1
2 WHETHER LIGHT IS A BODY?
630
1
3 WHETHER LIGHT IS A QUALITY?
631
2
4 WHETHER THE PRODUCTION OF LIGHT IS FITTINGLY ASSIGNED TO THE FIRST DAY?
633
4
Q. 68 THE WORK OF THE SECOND DAY.
637
10
ART. 1 WHETHER THE FIRMAMENT WAS MADE ON THE SECOND DAY?
637
3
2 WHETHER THERE ARE WATERS ABOVE THE FIRMAMENT?
640
2
3 WHETHER THE FIRMAMENT DIVIDES WATERS FROM WATERS?
642
2
4 WHETHER THERE IS ONLY ONE HEAVEN?
644
3
Q. 69 THE WORK OF THE THIRD DAY.
647
6
ART. 1 WHETHER IT WAS FITTING THAT THE GATHERING TOGETHER OF THE WATERS SHOULD TAKE PLACE, AS RECORDED, ON THE THIRD DAY?
647
3
2 WHETHER IT WAS FITTING THAT THE PRODUCTION OF PLANTS SHOULD TAKE PLACE ON THE THIRD DAY?
650
3
Q. 70 THE WORK OF ADORNMENT, AS REGARDS THE FOURTH DAY.
653
9
ART. 1 WHETHER THE LUMINARIES OUGHT TO HAVE BEEN PRODUCED ON THE FOURTH DAY?
653
3
2 WHETHER THE CAUSE ASSIGNED FOR THE PRODUCTION OF THE LUMINARIES IS REASONABLE?
656
2
3 WHETHER THE LUMINARIES OF HEAVEN ARE LIVING BEINGS?
658
4
Q. 71 THE WORK OF THE FIFTH DAY.
662
3
Q. 72 THE WORK OF THE SIXTH DAY.
665
3
Q. 73 THE THINGS THAT BELONG TO THE SEVENTH DAY.
668
5
ART. 1 WHETHER THE COMPLETION OF THE DIVINE WORKS OUGHT TO BE ASCRIBED TO THE SEVENTH DAY?
668
2
2 WHETHER GOD RESTED ON THE SEVENTH DAY FROM ALL HIS WORK?
670
1
3 WHETHER BLESSING AND SANCTIFYING ARE DUE TO THE SEVENTH DAY?
671
2
Q. 74 ON ALL THE SEVEN DAYS IN COMMON.
673
9
ART. 1 WHETHER THESE DAYS ARE SUFFICIENTLY ENUMERATED?
673
2
2 WHETHER ALL THESE DAYS ARE ONE DAY?
675
2
3 WHETHER SCRIPTURE USES SUITABLE WORDS TO EXPRESS THE WORK OF THE SIX DAYS?
677
5
VI. MAN. TEXT: Summa Theologica, I, Questions 75-89.
682
182
Q. 75 ON MAN WHO IS COMPOSED OF A SPIRITUAL AND A CORPOREAL SUBSTANCE, AND FIRST, CONCERNING WHAT BELONGS TO THE ESSENCE OF THE SOUL.
682
13
ART. 1 WHETHER THE SOUL IS A BODY?
682
2
2 WHETHER THE HUMAN SOUL IS SOMETHING SUBSISTENT?
684
2
3 WHETHER THE SOULS OF BRUTE ANIMALS ARE SUBSISTENT?
686
1
4 WHETHER THE SOUL IS MAN?
687
2
5 WHETHER THE SOUL IS COMPOSED OF MATTER AND FORM?
689
2
6 WHETHER THE HUMAN SOUL IS CORRUPTIBLE?
691
2
7 WHETHER THE SOUL IS OF THE SAME SPECIES AS AN ANGEL?
693
2
Q. 76 THE UNION OF BODY AND SOUL
695
24
ART. 1 WHETHER THE INTELLECTUAL PRINCIPLE IS UNITED TO THE BODY AS ITS FORM?
695
5
2 WHETHER THE INTELLECTUAL PRINCIPLE IS MULTIPLIED ACCORDING TO THE NUMBER OF BODIES?
700
4
3 WHETHER BESIDES THE INTELLECTUAL SOUL THERE ARE IN MAN OTHER SOULS ESSENTIALLY DIFFERENT FROM ONE ANOTHER?
704
3
4 WHETHER IN MAN THERE IS ANOTHER FORM BESIDES THE INTELLECTUAL SOUL?
707
3
5 WHETHER THE INTELLECTUAL SOUL IS FITTINGLY UNITED TO SUCH A BODY?
710
2
6 WHETHER THE INTELLECTUAL SOUL IS UNITED TO THE BODY THROUGH THE MEDIUM OF ACCIDENTAL DISPOSITIONS?
712
2
7 WHETHER THE SOUL IS UNITED TO THE ANIMAL BODY BY MEANS OF A BODY?
714
1
8 WHETHER THE WHOLE SOUL IS IN EACH PART OF THE BODY?
715
4
Q. 77 WHAT BELONGS TO THE POWERS OF THE SOUL IN GENERAL.
719
14
ART. 1 WHETHER THE ESSENCE OF THE SOUL IS ITS POWER?
719
3
2 WHETHER THERE ARE SEVERAL POWERS OF THE SOUL?
722
1
3 WHETHER THE POWER ARE DISTINGUISHED BY THEIR ACTS AND OBJECTS?
723
2
4 WHETHER AMONG THE POWERS OF THE SOUL THERE IS ORDER?
725
1
5 WHETHER ALL THE POWERS OF THE SOUL ARE IN THE SOUL AS THEIR SUBJECT?
726
2
6 WHETHER THE POWERS OF THE SOUL FLOW FROM ITS ESSENCE?
728
1
7 WHETHER ONE POWER OF THE SOUL ARISES FROM ANOTHER?
729
2
8 WHETHER ALL THE POWERS REMAIN IN THE SOUL WHEN SEPARATED FROM THE BODY?
731
2
Q. 78 THE POWERS OF THE SOUL IN PARTICULAR.
733
12
ART. 1 WHETHER THERE ARE TO BE DISTINGUISHED FIVE GENERA OF POWERS IN THE SOUL?
733
3
2 WHETHER THE PARTS OF THE VEGETATIVE SOUL ARE FITTINGLY ENUMERATED AS THE NUTRITIVE, AUGMENTATIVE AND GENERATIVE?
736
2
3 WHETHER THE FIVE EXTERIOR SENSES ARE PROPERLY DISTINGUISHED?
738
3
4 WHETHER THE INTERIOR SENSES ARE SUITABLY DISTINGUISHED?
741
4
Q. 79 THE INTELLECTUAL POWERS.
745
23
ART. 1 WHETHER THE INTELLECT IS A POWER OF THE SOUL?
745
1
2 WHETHER THE INTELLECT IS A PASSIVE POWER?
746
2
3 WHETHER THERE IS AN AGENT INTELLECT?
748
2
4 WHETHER THE AGENT INTELLECT IS SOMETHING IN THE SOUL?
750
3
5 WHETHER THE AGENT INTELLECT IS ONE IN ALL?
753
1
6 WHETHER MEMORY IS IN THE INTELLECTUAL PART OF THE SOUL?
754
3
7 WHETHER THE INTELLECTUAL MEMORY IS A POWER DISTINCT FROM THE INTELLECT?
757
1
8 WHETHER THE REASON IS DISTINCT FROM THE INTELLECT?
758
1
9 WHETHER THE HIGHER AND LOWER REASON ARE DISTINCT POWERS?
759
3
10 WHETHER INTELLIGENCE IS A POWER DISTINCT FROM INTELLECT?
762
1
11 WHETHER THE SPECULATIVE AND PRACTICAL INTELLECTS ARE DISTINCT POWERS?
763
2
12 WHETHER SYNDERESIS IS A SPECIAL POWER OF THE SOUL DISTINCT FROM THE OTHERS?
765
1
13 WHETHER CONSCIENCE IS A POWER?
766
2
Q. 80 THE APPETITIVE POWERS IN GENERAL
768
3
ART. 1 WHETHER THE APPETITE IS A SPECIAL POWER OF THE SOUL?
768
1
2 WHETHER THE SENSITIVE AND INTELLECTUAL APPETITES ARE DISTINCT POWERS?
769
2
Q. 81 THE POWER OF SENSUALITY.
771
6
ART. 1 WHETHER SENSUALITY IS ONLY APPETITIVE?
771
1
2 WHETHER THE SENSITIVE APPETITE IS DIVIDED INTO THE IRASCIBLE AND CONCUPISCIBLE AS DISTINCT POWERS?
772
2
3 WHETHER THE IRASCIBLE AND CONCUPISCIBLE APPETITES OBEY REASON?
774
3
Q. 82 THE WILL.
777
9
ART. 1 WHETHER THE WILL DESIRES SOMETHING OF NECESSITY?
777
1
2 WHETHER THE WILL DESIRES OF NECESSITY WHATEVER IT DESIRES?
778
2
3 WHETHER THE WILL IS A HIGHER POWER THAN THE INTELLECT?
780
2
4 WHETHER THE WILL MOVES THE INTELLECT?
782
1
5 WHETHER WE SHOULD DISTINGUISH IRASCIBLE AND CONCUPISCIBLE PARTS IN THE SUPERIOR APPETITE?
783
3
Q. 83 FREE CHOICE.
786
7
ART. 1 WHETHER MAN HAS FREE CHOICE?
786
2
2 WHETHER FREE CHOICE IS A POWER?
788
1
3 WHETHER FREE CHOICE IS AN APPETITIVE POWER?
789
2
4 WHETHER FREE CHOICE IS A POWER DISTINCT FROM THE WILL?
791
2
Q. 84 HOW THE SOUL WHILE UNITED TO THE BODY UNDERSTANDS CORPOREAL THINGS BENEATH IT.
793
19
ART. 1 WHETHER THE SOUL KNOWS BODIES THROUGH THE INTELLECT?
793
3
2 WHETHER THE SOUL UNDERSTANDS CORPOREAL THINGS THROUGH ITS ESSENCE?
796
2
3 WHETHER THE SOUL UNDERSTANDS ALL THINGS THROUGH INNATE SPECIES?
798
2
4 WHETHER THE INTELLIGIBLE SPECIES ARE DERIVED BY THE SOUL FROM CERTAIN SEPARATE FORMS?
800
3
5 WHETHER THE INTELLECTUAL SOUL KNOWS MATERIAL THINGS IN THE ETERNAL EXEMPLARS?
803
2
6 WHETHER INTELLECTUAL KNOWLEDGE IS DERIVED FROM SENSIBLE THINGS?
805
3
7 WHETHER THE INTELLECT CAN UNDERSTAND ACTUALLY THROUGH THE INTELLIGIBLE SPECIES OF WHICH IT IS POSSESSED, WITHOUT TURNING TO THE PHANTASMS?
808
2
8 WHETHER THE JUDGMENT OF THE INTELLECT IS HINDERED THROUGH SUSPENSION OF THE SENSITIVE POWERS?
810
2
Q. 85 THE MODE AND ORDER OF UNDERSTANDING.
812
18
ART. 1 WHETHER OUR INTELLECT UNDERSTANDS CORPOREAL AND MATERIAL THINGS BY ABSTRACTION FROM PHANTASMS?
812
4
2 WHETHER THE INTELLIGIBLE SPECIES ABSTRACTED FROM PHANTASMS ARE RELATED TO OUR INTELLECT AS THAT WHICH IS UNDERSTOOD?
816
2
3 WHETHER THE MORE UNIVERSAL IS FIRST IN OUR INTELLECTUAL COGNITION?
818
3
4 WHETHER WE CAN UNDERSTAND MANY THINGS AT THE SAME TIME?
821
2
5 WHETHER OUR INTELLECT UNDERSTANDS BY COMPOSITION AND DIVISION?
823
2
6 WHETHER THE INTELLECT CAN BE FALSE?
825
1
7 WHETHER ONE PERSON CAN UNDERSTAND ONE AND THE SAME THING BETTER THAN ANOTHER CAN?
826
1
8 WHETHER THE INTELLECT UNDERSTANDS THE INDIVISIBLE BEFORE THE DIVISIBLE?
827
3
Q. 86 WHAT OUR INTELLECT KNOWS IN MATERIAL THINGS
830
6
ART. 1 WHETHER OUR INTELLECT KNOWS SINGULARS?
830
1
2 WHETHER OUR INTELLECT CAN KNOW INFINITE THINGS?
831
2
3 WHETHER OUR INTELLECT CAN KNOW CONTINGENT THINGS?
833
1
4 WHETHER OUR INTELLECT KNOWS THE FUTURE?
834
2
Q. 87 HOW THE INTELLECTUAL SOUL KNOWS ITSELF AND ALL THAT IS WITHIN ITSELF
836
7
ART. 1 WHETHER THE INTELLECTUAL SOUL KNOWS ITSELF BY ITS ESSENCE?
836
3
2 WHETHER OUR INTELLECT KNOWS THE HABITS OF THE SOUL BY THEIR ESSENCE?
839
1
3 WHETHER OUR INTELLECT KNOWS ITS OWN ACT?
840
1
4 WHETHER THE INTELLECT UNDERSTANDS THE ACT OF THE WILL?
841
2
Q. 88 HOW THE HUMAN SOUL KNOWS WHAT IS ABOVE ITSELF
843
8
ART. 1 WHETHER THE HUMAN SOUL IN THE PRESENT STATE OF LIFE CAN UNDERSTAND IMMATERIAL SUBSTANCES IN THEMSELVES?
843
4
2 WHETHER OUR INTELLECT CAN COME TO UNDERSTAND IMMATERIAL SUBSTANCES THROUGH ITS KNOWLEDGE OF MATERIAL THINGS?
847
2
3 WHETHER GOD IS THE FIRST OBJECT KNOWN BY THE HUMAN MIND?
849
2
Q. 89 THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE SEPARATED SOUL.
851
13
ART. 1 WHETHER THE SEPARATED SOUL CAN UNDERSTAND ANYTHING?
851
3
2 WHETHER THE SEPARATED SOUL UNDERSTANDS SEPARATE SUBSTANCES?
854
1
3 WHETHER THE SEPARATED SOUL KNOWS ALL NATURAL THINGS?
855
1
4 WHETHER THE SEPARATED SOUL KNOWS SINGULARS?
856
2
5 WHETHER THE HABIT OF SCIENCE HERE ACQUIRED REMAINS IN THE SEPARATED SOUL?
858
1
6 WHETHER THE ACT OF SCIENCE ACQUIRED HERE REMAINS IN THE SEPARATED SOUL?
859
2
7 WHETHER LOCAL DISTANCE IMPEDES THE KNOWLEDGE IN THE SEPARATED SOUL?
861
1
8 WHETHER SEPARATED SOULS KNOW WHAT TAKES PLACE ON EARTH?
862
2
VII. ON THE FIRST MAN TEXT: Summa Theologica, I, Questions 90-102.
864
86
Q. 90 THE FIRST PRODUCTION OF MAN'S SOUL.
864
6
ART. 1 WHETHER THE SOUL WAS MADE, OR WAS OF GOD'S SUBSTANCE?
864
2
2 WHETHER THE SOUL WAS PRODUCED BY CREATION?
866
1
3 WHETHER THE RATIONAL SOUL IS PRODUCED BY GOD IMMEDIATELY?
867
1
4 WHETHER THE HUMAN SOUL WAS PRODUCED BEFORE THE BODY?
868
2
Q. 91 THE PRODUCTION OF THE BODY OF THE FIRST MAN.
870
9
ART. 1 WHETHER THE BODY OF THE FIRST MAN WAS MADE OF THE SLIME OF THE EARTH?
870
2
2 WHETHER THE HUMAN BODY WAS IMMEDIATELY PRODUCED BY GOD?
872
2
3 WHETHER THE BODY OF MAN WAS GIVEN AN APT DISPOSITION?
874
2
4 WHETHER THE PRODUCTION OF THE HUMAN BODY IS FITTINGLY DESCRIBED IN SCRIPTURE?
876
3
Q. 92 THE PRODUCTION OF WOMAN.
879
6
ART. 1 WHETHER WOMAN SHOULD HAVE BEEN MADE IN THE FIRST PRODUCTION OF THINGS?
879
2
2 WHETHER WOMAN SHOULD HAVE BEEN MADE FROM MAN?
881
1
3 WHETHER WOMAN WAS FITTINGLY MADE FROM THE RIB OF MAN?
882
2
4 WHETHER WOMAN WAS FORMED IMMEDIATELY BY GOD?
884
1
Q. 93 THE END OF TERM OF THE PRODUCTION OF MAN.
885
17
ART. 1 WHETHER THE IMAGE OF GOD IS IN MAN?
885
1
2 WHETHER THE IMAGE OF GOD IS TO BE FOUND IN IRRATIONAL CREATURES?
886
2
3 WHETHER THE ANGELS ARE MORE TO THE IMAGE OF GOD THAN MAN IS?
888
1
4 WHETHER THE IMAGE OF GOD IS FOUND IN EVERY MAN?
889
1
5 WHETHER THE IMAGE OF GOD IS IN MAN ACCORDING TO THE TRINITY OF PERSONS?
890
2
6 WHETHER THE IMAGE OF GOD IS IN MAN AS REGARDS THE MIND ONLY?
892
3
7 WHETHER THE IMAGE OF GOD IS TO BE FOUND IN THE ACTS OF THE SOUL?
895
2
8 WHETHER THE IMAGE OF THE DIVINE TRINITY IS IN THE SOUL ONLY BY COMPARISON WITH GOD AS ITS OBJECT?
897
2
9 WHETHER LIKENESS IS PROPERLY DISTINGUISHED FROM IMAGE?
899
3
Q. 94 THE STATE AND CONDITION OF THE FIRST MAN AS REGARDS HIS INTELLECT.
902
8
ART. 1 WHETHER THE FIRST MAN SAW GOD THROUGH HIS ESSENCE?
902
2
2 WHETHER ADAM IN THE STATE OF INNOCENCE SAW THE ANGELS THROUGH THEIR ESSENCE?
904
2
3 WHETHER THE FIRST MAN KNEW ALL THINGS?
906
2
4 WHETHER MAN IN HIS FIRST STATE COULD HAVE BEEN DECEIVED?
908
2
Q. 95 OF THINGS PERTAINING TO THE FIRST MAN'S WILL, NAMELY, GRACE AND RIGHTEOUSNESS.
910
7
ART. 1 WHETHER THE FIRST MAN WAS CREATED IN GRACE?
910
2
2 WHETHER PASSIONS EXISTED IN THE SOUL OF THE FIRST MAN?
912
1
3 WHETHER ADAM HAD ALL THE VIRTUES?
913
2
4 WHETHER THE WORKS OF THE FIRST MAN WERE LESS MERITORIOUS THAN OURS ARE?
915
2
Q. 96 THE MASTERSHIP BELONGING TO MAN IN THE STATE OF INNOCENCE.
917
6
ART. 1 WHETHER IN THE STATE OF INNOCENCE ADAM HAD MASTERSHIP OVER THE ANIMALS?
917
2
2 WHETHER MAN WOULD HAVE HAD MASTERSHIP OVER ALL OTHER CREATURES?
919
1
3 WHETHER IN THE STATE OF INNOCENCE MAN WOULD HAVE BEEN EQUAL?
920
1
4 WHETHER IN THE STATE OF INNOCENCE MAN WOULD HAVE BEEN MASTER OVER MAN?
920
2
Q. 97 THE PRESERVATION OF THE INDIVIDUAL IN THE FIRST STATE.
923
6
ART. 1 WHETHER IN THE STATE OF INNOCENCE MAN WOULD HAVE BEEN IMMORTAL?
923
1
2 WHETHER IN THE STATE OF INNOCENCE MAN WOULD HAVE BEEN PASSIBLE?
924
1
3 WHETHER IN THE STATE OF INNOCENCE MAN HAD NEED OF FOOD?
925
2
4 WHETHER IN THE STATE OF INNOCENCE MAN WOULD HAVE ACQUIRED IMMORTALITY BY THE TREE OF LIFE?
927
2
Q. 98 THE PRESERVATION OF THE SPECIES.
929
5
ART. 1 WHETHER IN THE STATE OF INNOCENCE GENERATION WOULD HAVE EXISTED?
929
1
2 WHETHER IN THE STATE OF INNOCENCE THERE WOULD HAVE BEEN GENERATION BY COITION?
930
4
Q. 99 THE CONDITION OF THE OFFSPRING AS TO THE BODY.
934
4
ART. 1 WHETHER IN THE STATE OF INNOCENCE CHILDREN WOULD HAVE HAD PERFECT STRENGTH OF BODY AS TO THE USE OF ITS MEMBERS IMMEDIATELY AFTER BIRTH?
934
2
2 WHETHER, IN THE FIRST STATE, WOMEN WOULD HAVE BEEN BORN?
936
2
Q. 100 THE CONDITION OF THE OFFSPRING AS REGARDS JUSTICE
938
3
ART. 1 WHETHER MEN WOULD HAVE BEEN BORN IN A STATE OF JUSTICE?
938
1
2 WHETHER IN THE STATE OF INNOCENCE CHILDREN WOULD HAVE BEEN BORN CONFIRMED IN JUSTICE?
939
2
Q. 101 THE CONDITION OF THE OFFSPRING AS REGARDS KNOWLEDGE.
941
3
ART. 1 WHETHER IN THE STATE OF INNOCENCE CHILDREN WOULD HAVE BEEN BORN WITH PERFECT KNOWLEDGE?
941
1
2 WHETHER CHILDREN WOULD HAVE HAD PERFECT USE OF REASON AT BIRTH?
942
2
Q. 102 ON MAN'S ABODE, WHICH IS PARADISE.
944
6
ART. 1 WHETHER PARADISE IS A CORPOREAL PLACE?
944
2
2 WHETHER PARADISE WAS A PLACE ADAPTED TO BE THE ABODE OF MAN?
946
2
3 WHETHER MAN WAS PLACED IN PARADISE TO WORK AND GUARD IT?
948
1
4 WHETHER MAN WAS CREATED IN PARADISE?
949
1
VIII. THE DIVINE GOVERNMENT TEXT: Summa Theologica, I, Questions 103-119.
950
Q. 103 THE GOVERNMENT OF THINGS IN GENERAL
950
12
ART. 1 WHETHER THE WORLD IS GOVERNED BY ANYONE?
950
2
2 WHETHER THE END OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE WORLD IS SOMETHING OUTSIDE THE WORLD?
952
1
3 WHETHER THE WORLD IS GOVERNED BY ONE?
953
1
4 WHETHER THE EFFECT OF GOVERNMENT IS ONE OR MANY?
954
1
5 WHETHER ALL THINGS ARE SUBJECT TO THE DIVINE GOVERNMENT?
955
2
6 WHETHER ALL THINGS ARE IMMEDIATELY GOVERNED BY GOD?
957
2
7 WHETHER ANYTHING CAN HAPPEN OUTSIDE THE ORDER OF THE DIVINE GOVERNMENT?
959
1
8 WHETHER ANYTHING CAN RESIST THE ORDER OF THE DIVINE GOVERNMENT?
960
2
Q. 104 THE SPECIAL EFFECTS OF THE DIVINE GOVERNMENT.
962
8
ART. 1 WHETHER CREATURES NEED TO BE KEPT IN BEING BY GOD?
962
3
2 WHETHER GOD CONSERVES EVERY CREATURE IMMEDIATELY?
965
2
3 WHETHER GOD CAN ANNIHILATE ANYTHING?
967
1
4 WHETHER ANYTHING IS ANNIHILATED?
968
2
Q. 105 THE MOVEMENT OF GOD IN CREATURES.
970
12
ART. 1 WHETHER GOD CAN MOVE THE MATTER IMMEDIATELY TO THE FORM?
970
1
2 WHETHER GOD CAN MOVE A BODY IMMEDIATELY?
971
2
3 WHETHER GOD MOVES THE CREATED INTELLECT IMMEDIATELY?
973
2
4 WHETHER GOD CAN MOVE THE CREATED WILL?
975
1
5 WHETHER GOD WORKS IN EVERY AGENT?
976
2
6 WHETHER GOD CAN DO ANYTHING OUTSIDE THE ESTABLISHED ORDER OF NATURE?
978
1
7 WHETHER WHATEVER GOD DOES OUTSIDE THE NATURAL ORDER IS MIRACULOUS?
979
2
8 WHETHER ONE MIRACLE IS GREATER THAN ANOTHER?
981
1
Q. 106 HOW ONE CREATURE MOVES ANOTHER.
982
7
ART. 1 WHETHER ONE ANGEL ILLUMINES ANOTHER?
982
2
2 WHETHER ONE ANGEL MOVES ANOTHER ANGEL'S WILL?
984
2
3 WHETHER AN INFERIOR ANGEL CAN ILLUMINE A SUPERIOR ANGEL?
986
1
4 WHETHER THE SUPERIOR ANGEL ILLUMINES THE INFERIOR AS REGARDS ALL HE HIMSELF KNOWS?
987
2
Q. 107 THE SPEECH OF THE ANGELS.
989
6
ART. 1 WHETHER ONE ANGEL SPEAKS TO ANOTHER?
989
2
2 WHETHER THE INFERIOR ANGEL SPEAKS TO THE SUPERIOR?
991
1
3 WHETHER AN ANGEL SPEAKS TO GOD?
992
1
4 WHETHER LOCAL DISTANCE INFLUENCES THE ANGELIC SPEECH?
993
1
5 WHETHER ALL THE ANGELS KNOW WHAT ONE SPEAKS TO ANOTHER?
994
1
Q. 108 THE ANGELIC DEGREES OF HIERARCHIES AND ORDERS.
995
17
ART. 1 WHETHER ALL THE ANGELS ARE OF ONE HIERARCHY?
995
2
2 WHETHER THERE ARE SEVERAL ORDERS IN ONE HIERARCHY?
997
1
3 WHETHER THERE ARE MANY ANGELS IN ONE ORDER?
998
2
4 WHETHER THE DISTINCTION OF HIERARCHIES AND ORDERS COMES FROM THE ANGELIC NATURE?
1000
1
5 WHETHER THE ORDERS OF THE ANGELS ARE PROPERLY NAMED?
1001
4
6 WHETHER THE GRADES OF THE ORDERS ARE PROPERLY ASSIGNED?
1005
3
7 WHETHER THE ORDERS WILL OUTLAST THE DAY OF JUDGMENT?
1008
2
8 WHETHER MEN ARE TAKEN UP INTO THE ANGELIC ORDERS?
1010
2
Q. 109 THE ORDERING OF THE BAD ANGELS.
1012
5
ART. 1 WHETHER THERE ARE ORDERS AMONG THE DEMONS?
1012
1
2 WHETHER AMONG THE DEMONS THERE IS PRECEDENCE?
1013
1
3 WHETHER THERE IS ILLUMINATION IN THE DEMONS?
1014
1
4 WHETHER THE GOOD ANGELS HAVE PRECEDENCE OVER THE BAD ANGELS?
1015
2
Q. 110 HOW ANGELS ACT ON BODIES
1017
7
ART. 1 WHETHER THE CORPOREAL CREATURE IS GOVERNED BY THE ANGELS?
1017
2
2 WHETHER CORPOREAL MATTER OBEYS THE MERE WILL OF AN ANGEL?
1019
2
3 WHETHER BODIES OBEY THE ANGEL AS REGARDS LOCAL MOTION?
1021
1
4 WHETHER ANGELS CAN WORK MIRACLES?
1022
2
Q. 111 THE ACTION OF THE ANGELS ON MAN.
1024
6
ART. 1 WHETHER AN ANGEL CAN ILLUMINE MAN?
1024
2
2 WHETHER THE ANGELS CAN CHANGE THE WILL OF MAN?
1026
1
3 WHETHER AN ANGEL CAN CHANGE MAN'S IMAGINATION?
1027
2
4 WHETHER AN ANGEL CAN AFFECT THE HUMAN SENSES?
1029
1
Q. 112 THE MISSION OF THE ANGELS.
1030
7
ART. 1 WHETHER THE ANGELS ARE SENT ON WORKS OF MINISTRY?
1030
2
2 WHETHER ALL THE ANGELS ARE SENT IN MINISTRY?
1032
2
3 WHETHER ALL THE ANGELS WHO ARE SENT, ASSIST?
1034
1
4 WHETHER ALL THE ANGELS OF THE SECOND HIERARCHY ARE SENT?
1035
2
Q. 113 THE GUARDIANSHIP OF THE GOOD ANGELS.
1037
11
ART. 1 WHETHER MEN ARE GUARDED BY THE ANGELS?
1037
1
2 WHETHER EACH MAN IS GUARDED BY AN ANGEL?
1038
2
3 WHETHER TO GUARD MEN BELONGS ONLY TO THE LOWEST ORDER OF ANGELS?
1040
1
4 WHETHER ANGELS ARE APPOINTED TO THE GUARDIANSHIP OF ALL MEN?
1041
1
5 WHETHER AN ANGEL IS APPOINTED TO GUARD A MAN FROM HIS BIRTH?
1042
2
6 WHETHER THE ANGEL GUARDIAN EVER FORSAKES A MAN?
1044
1
7 WHETHER ANGELS GRIEVE FOR THE ILLS OF THOSE WHOM THEY GUARD?
1045
1
8 WHETHER THERE CAN BE STRIFE OR DISCORD AMONG THE ANGELS?
1046
2
Q. 114 THE ASSAULTS OF THE DEMONS.
1048
7
ART. 1 WHETHER MEN ARE ASSAILED BY THE DEMONS?
1048
1
2 WHETHER TO TEMPT IS PROPER TO THE DEVIL?
1049
1
3 WHETHER ALL SINS ARE DUE TO THE TEMPTATION OF THE DEVIL?
1050
2
4 WHETHER DEMONS CAN LEAD MEN ASTRAY BY MEANS OF REAL MIRACLES?
1052
2
5 WHETHER A DEMON, WHO IS OVERCOME BY MAN, IS FOR THIS REASON HINDERED FROM MAKING FURTHER ASSAULTS?
1054
1
Q. 115 THE ACTION OF THE CORPOREAL CREATURE.
1055
13
ART. 1 WHETHER A BODY CAN BE ACTIVE?
1055
3
2 WHETHER THERE ARE ANY SEMINAL PRINCIPLES IN CORPOREAL MATTER?
1058
2
3 WHETHER THE HEAVENLY BODIES ARE THE CAUSE OF WHAT IS PRODUCED IN BODIES HERE BELOW?
1060
2
4 WHETHER THE HEAVENLY BODIES ARE THE CAUSE OF HUMAN ACTIONS?
1062
2
5 WHETHER HEAVENLY BODIES CAN ACT ON THE DEMONS?
1064
1
6 WHETHER HEAVENLY BODIES IMPOSE NECESSITY ON THINGS SUBJECT TO THEIR ACTION?
1065
3
Q. 116 ON FATE
1068
6
ART. 1 WHETHER THERE BE SUCH A THING AS FATE?
1068
2
2 WHETHER FATE IS IN CREATED THINGS?
1070
1
3 WHETHER FATE IS UNCHANGEABLE?
1071
1
4 WHETHER ALL THINGS ARE SUBJECT TO FATE?
1072
2
Q. 117 ON THINGS PERTAINING TO THE ACTION OF MAN.
1074
8
ART. 1 WHETHER ONE MAN CAN TEACH ANOTHER?
1074
3
2 WHETHER MAN CAN TEACH THE ANGELS?
1077
2
3 WHETHER MAN BY THE POWER OF HIS SOUL CAN CHANGE CORPOREAL MATTER?
1079
1
4 WHETHER THE SEPARATED HUMAN SOUL CAN MOVE BODIES AT LEAST LOCALLY?
1080
2
Q. 118 THE PRODUCTION OF MAN FROM MAN AS TO THE SOUL
1082
8
ART. 1 WHETHER THE SENSITIVE SOUL IS TRANSMITTED WITH THE SEMEN?
1082
3
2 WHETHER THE INTELLECTUAL SOUL IS PRODUCED FROM THE SEMEN?
1085
3
3 WHETHER HUMAN SOULS WERE CREATED TOGETHER AT THE BEGINNING OF THE WORLD?
1088
2
Q. 119 THE PROPAGATION OF MAN AS TO THE BODY.
1090
ART. 1 WHETHER SOME PART OF FOOD IS CHANGED INTO TRUE HUMAN NATURE?
1090
5
2 WHETHER THE SEMEN IS PRODUCED FROM SURPLUS FOOD?
1095