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Tables of Contents for Active Sound and Vibration Control
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Foreword
xiii
Authors
xix
I Review of fundamentals
1
72
An overview of ASVC: from laboratory curiosity to commercial products
3
22
Introduction
3
1
Active Noise Control
4
13
Early investigations
4
1
The energy objection
4
1
The JMC theory
5
1
One-dimensional sound propagation, algorithms
6
4
Interaction of primary and secondary sources
10
2
Waveform synthesis for (quasi)periodic noise
12
1
Small volumes - personal noise protection
13
1
Local cancellation
13
1
Three-dimensional sound fields in enclosures
14
2
Free-field active noise control
16
1
Active Control of Vibrations
17
5
Early applications
17
1
AVC for beams, plates and structures
17
2
Active mounts
19
1
Civil engineering structures
20
1
Active and adaptive optics
20
1
Noise reduction by active structural control
21
1
Active Flow Control
22
1
Conclusions
23
2
ANC in three-dimensional propagation
25
32
Introduction
25
2
Active noise control structure
27
3
Physical extent of cancellation
30
10
The field cancellation factor
30
3
Three-dimensional description of cancellation
33
7
Limitations in the controller design
40
7
Single-input single-output structure
40
4
Single-input multi-output structure
44
3
System stability
47
7
Gain margin
49
3
Phase margin
52
2
Conclusions
54
3
Adaptive methods in active control
57
16
Introduction
57
2
Feedforward control
59
6
Single-channel feedforward control
59
6
Feedback control
65
1
Fixed feedback controllers
65
1
Internal model control
66
4
Adaptive feedback control
69
1
Conclusions
70
3
II Recent algorithmic developments
73
148
Multichannel active noise control: stable adaptive algorithms
75
22
Introduction
75
1
Multichannel active noise control problems
76
2
Structure and Algorithms
78
5
Error system description in Case 1
78
2
Robust adaptive algorithm
80
2
Error system description in Case 2
82
1
Identification-based adaptive control in case 1
83
2
Identification of equivalent primary and secondary channel matrices
83
1
Identification-based adaptive controller
84
1
Experimental results using the proposed adaptive algorithms
85
4
Conclusions
89
1
Appendix: proof of the theorem
90
7
Adaptive harmonic control: tuning in the frequency domain
97
20
Introduction
97
3
Problem formulation
100
3
A frequency selective RLS solution
103
4
A frequency selective LMS solution
107
3
Simulation example
110
5
Conclusions
115
2
Model-free iterative tuning
117
18
Introduction to iterative controller tuning
117
4
The online tuning scheme
121
3
The online FSF tuning scheme
124
2
Simulations
126
6
Conclusions
132
3
Model-based control design for AVC
135
24
Introduction
135
2
Problem description
137
6
H∞ controller optimisation under model uncertainty
143
2
Examples
145
6
Glass plate attenuation
145
3
Active mounts
148
2
Instrument base plate/enclosure attenuation
150
1
Identification of empirical models for control
151
3
Conclusions
154
5
ANVC using neural networks
159
26
Introduction
159
2
Neural networks
161
6
Neural network models
161
1
Multilayered perceptron networks
161
2
Radial basis function networks
163
3
Structure validation
166
1
Neuro-active noise control
167
8
Frequency-response measurement scheme
169
1
Decoupled linear/nonlinear system scheme
170
3
Direct neuro-modelling and control scheme
173
2
Implementations and results
175
7
Frequency-response measurement scheme
176
1
Decoupled linear/nonlinear system scheme
176
3
Direct neuro-modelling and control scheme
179
3
Conclusions
182
3
Genetic algorithms for ASVC systems
185
36
Introduction
186
1
The genetic algorithm
187
16
Coding selection for search variables
191
2
Parent selection
193
4
Crossover
197
3
Mutation
200
1
Sharing
201
2
Control source location optimisation example
203
11
Analytical model
203
3
Genetic algorithm formulation
206
2
Results
208
6
Example of control filter weight optimisation
214
6
Conclusions
220
1
Acknowledgments
220
1
III Applications
221
168
ANC Around a human's head
223
18
Introduction
223
1
Outline of the system
224
4
Simulation
228
9
Purpose of simulation
228
1
ANC for a single primary source propagation
229
1
Diffuse sound field
230
7
Conclusions
237
4
Active Control of Microvibrations
241
34
Introduction
242
2
System description and modelling
244
12
Mass loaded panel
244
7
Modelling of equipment loaded panels
251
5
Model verification
256
4
Control systems design
260
7
Robustness analysis
267
4
Conclusions
271
4
Vibration control of manipulators
275
44
Introduction
275
3
The flexible manipulator system
278
4
Dynamic formulation
278
3
The flexible manipulator test rig
281
1
Open-loop control
282
11
Filtered torque input
283
4
Gaussian-shaped torque input
287
6
Switching surface and variable structure control
293
17
Switching surface design
296
2
Stability analysis of the switching surface
298
2
Adaptive variable structure control scheme
300
2
Simulations
302
8
Adaptive joint-based collocated control
310
2
Adaptive inverse-dynamic active control
312
4
Conclusions
316
3
ANC in an electric locomotive
319
26
Introduction
319
1
Noise sources in electric trains
320
2
Aerodynamic noise
320
1
Wheel-rail noise
321
1
Equipment on the locomotive
321
1
Electric motors
321
1
Locomotive noise characterisation
322
5
Noise measurements inside the locomotive
323
1
Noise characterisation
323
1
Cabin noise analysis (microphones 1, 2, 3)
324
1
Fan compressor noise (microphone 4)
325
1
Air conditioner noise (microphone 5)
326
1
Aerodynamic noise (microphone 6)
326
1
Wheel-rail noise (microphone 7)
326
1
Generalities of active control approaches for cabin noise reduction
327
1
Noise control at source
327
6
A target noise control strategy
333
5
Main results of the field experimentation
338
1
Conclusions
339
1
Acknowledgements
340
1
Appendix
341
4
Introduction
341
1
Digital processing circuit
341
2
Analogue interface board
343
1
Software environments
344
1
ANC for road noise attenuation
345
10
Introdution
345
2
Constraint multiple filtered-x LMS algorithm
347
1
Constraint XLMS algorithm using an IIR-based filter
348
1
Experimental results
349
4
Conclusions
353
1
Acknowledgments
353
2
Techniques for real-time processing
355
34
Introduction
355
4
The cantilever beam system
359
1
Active vibration control
360
3
Hardware architectures
363
3
Uniprocessor architectures
363
1
Homogeneous architectures
364
1
Heterogeneous architectures
364
2
Software support
366
1
Partitioning and mapping of algorithms
366
2
Implementations and results
368
14
Interprocessor communication
368
6
Compiler efficiency
374
1
Code optimisation
374
3
Simulation algorithm
377
2
The identification algorithm
379
1
The control algorithm
379
1
The combined simulation, identification and control algorithm
380
1
Comparative performance of the architectures
380
2
Conclusions
382
7
Bibliography
389
32
Index
421