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Tables of Contents for On Higher Ground
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Foreword
ix
2
Julian Bond
Acknowledgments
xi
Chapter 1 Toward a Theory of Affirmative Action
1
17
The Political and Economic Climate for the Backlash Against Present Race- and Gender-based Policy
2
2
What Is Affirmative Action?
4
3
A Brief History of Affirmative Action
7
3
Affirmative Action and Higher Education
10
2
Recent Attacks on Affirmative Action
12
2
The Need for a Theory of Affirmative Action
14
2
A Sketch of the Central Argument
16
2
Chapter 2 Markets, Measurement, and Affirmative Action
18
15
The Market as a Fair Selector-Problems with the Theory
18
5
The Problem with the Empirical Evidence: Market Efficiency and Educational Selection
23
8
Affirmative Action and Poverty
31
2
Chapter 3 A Case for a Backward-looking Gender- and Race-based Policy
33
15
The Problem: Race-based or Need-based Affirmative Action?
33
2
Conservative and Liberal Varieties of Need-based Affirmative Action
35
4
Some Differences Between the Two Approaches to Affirmative Action
39
5
The Preliminary Case for Race- and Gender-based Affirmative Action
44
2
Summary
46
2
Chapter 4 Group Rights and Historical Obligations
48
23
Defining Group Rights
48
3
Why Affirmative Action Is Confused with a Group Right: The Strategy of Simultaneity
51
2
Do Group-based Rights Violate Other People's Individual Rights?
53
2
Affirmative Action as Addressing Historical Debt
55
7
To Whom Is the Debt Owed? A Return to the Question of Group Rights
62
8
Summary
70
1
Chapter 5 Need, Diversity, and Group Variation
71
18
A Review of the Argument
71
1
Returning to the Role of Need and Diversity
72
10
Affirmative Action Should Work Differently for Different Groups
82
5
Conclusion
87
2
References
89
4
Index
93
4
About the Author
97