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Tables of Contents for The Third Wave
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Foreword
xi
2
Carl B. Albert
Preface
xiii
 
1. What?
3
28
The Start of the Third Wave
3
2
The Meaning of Democracy
5
8
The Waves of Democratization
13
13
The Issues of Democratization
26
5
2. Why?
31
78
Explaining Waves
31
3
Explaining Democratization Waves
34
6
Explaining the Third Wave
40
6
Declining Legitimacy and the Performance Dilemma
46
13
Economic Development and Economic Crises
59
13
Religious Changes
72
13
New Policies of External Actors
85
15
Demonstration Effects or Snowballing
100
6
From Causes to Causers
106
3
3. How? Processes of Democratization
109
55
Authoritarian Regimes
110
11
Transition Processes
121
3
Transformations
124
18
Guidelines for Democratizers 1: Reforming Authoritarian Systems
141
1
Replacements
142
9
Guidelines for Democratizers 2: Overthrowing Authoritarian Regimes
149
2
Transplacements
151
13
Guidelines for Democratizers 3: Negotiating Regime Changes
162
2
4. How? Characteristics of Democratization
164
44
The Third Wave Democratization Syndrome
164
1
Compromise and the Participation/Moderation Trade-off
165
9
Elections: Stunning and Otherwise
174
18
Low Levels of Violence
192
16
5. How Long?
208
72
Consolidation and Its Problems
208
3
The Torturer Problem: Prosecute and Punish vs. Forgive and Forget
211
20
Guidelines for Democratizers 4: Dealing with Authoritarian Crimes
231
1
The Praetorian Problem: Rebellious and Powerful Militaries
231
22
Guidelines for Democratizers 5: Curbing Military Power, Promoting Military Professionalism
251
2
Contextual Problems, Disillusionment, and Authoritarian Nostalgia
253
5
Developing a Democratic Political Culture
258
7
Institutionalizing Democratic Political Behavior
265
5
Conditions Favoring Consolidation of New Democracies
270
10
6. Whither?
280
37
Third Wave Causes: Continuing, Weakening, Changing?
281
9
A Third Reverse Wave?
290
4
Further Democratization: Obstacles and Opportunities
294
21
Economic Development and Political Leadership
315
2
Notes
317
26
Index
343