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Tables of Contents for Democracy and Regulation
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
List of Tables and Figures
xii
Acknowledgments
xiv
Foreword
xv
Hon. Carl Wood
Democracy and Regulation: An Introduction
1
5
Secrecy, Democracy and Regulation
6
9
Regulating in Public
15
13
Open information versus secrecy
15
1
Who is ``the public''?
15
5
``Consultation'' is not participation
20
3
Employees, service quality and democracy
23
2
Failings of the American system
25
3
Competition as Substitute for Regulation? Britain to California
28
15
Crisis in California: electricity competition comes to America
30
2
Manipulation and monopoly abuse are impossible to prevent
32
2
Utility services are different
34
1
``Deregulation'' creates new rules and bureaucracies
35
1
The problem of volatility and new inefficiencies
36
1
The union worker, service quality and deregulation
37
2
Price discrimination
39
1
Democratic control of deregulation
40
3
Re-regulation is not Deregulation
43
13
Recent history
43
1
Principles
44
1
Restructuring the industry
45
1
Market power
46
1
Market segmentation
47
1
``Competition'' for domestic customers
48
2
Telephones: the new marketplace is raising prices
50
6
The Open Regulatory Process
56
17
The process
56
10
Principles
66
5
The regulators
71
2
Social Pricing
73
7
Affordability programs
74
1
Consumer protections
75
1
Education programs
76
1
Efficiency and weatherization programs
77
1
Benefits
77
3
Issues that are Publicly Decided
80
8
Service quality, safety, prices and employment
80
1
Choice of utility ownership form
81
3
Universal service, including extension of service
84
1
Other regulatory agencies
85
1
Choice of technology
86
2
An Alternative: Democratic Negotiations
88
10
The filing
88
1
Intervention
89
1
Mediation
89
2
Discovery
91
1
An energy conservation case
91
5
Results of negotiations
96
2
Be There: A Guide to Public Participation
98
9
Aim high
101
1
Become informed
102
1
Demand participation
102
2
Forge coalitions
104
2
Persist
106
1
A History of Democratic Utility Regulation in the US
107
14
The early years
107
2
1880--1907
109
1
Direct current
109
1
Alternating current
109
1
Public versus private ownership
110
2
1907--1929
112
1
Regulation of IOUs
112
1
Development of holding companies
113
2
1930--1970
115
1
Collapse of Insull's empire
115
1
Federal action
116
1
Public Utility Holding Company Act
117
1
Federal Power Act
118
1
1980--2002
119
1
Emerging deregulation
119
2
Regulating the Multinational Utility
121
7
United States
121
3
Brazil
124
1
Bolivia
125
2
Democracy: a value in itself
127
1
Failed Experiments in the UK and the US
128
19
The United Kingdom
128
2
The United States
130
4
Maintenance and job cutbacks
134
2
Roller-coaster prices
136
2
Few benefits for domestic consumers
138
3
Much of the electricity debacle was predictable
141
4
The democratic reaction
145
2
The Biggest Failures: California and Enron
147
15
California
147
5
Enron's rise and fall
152
1
The build-up
153
1
Creative accounting
153
1
The downfall
154
2
The money trail
156
1
The aftermath
157
1
Enron's effect on electricity deregulation
158
4
International Democracy -- Developing and Developed Countries
162
22
International ideology and the real interests behind it
162
7
Developing countries
169
1
India
169
3
South Africa
172
2
Brazil
174
1
Other nations
175
2
Response of the international bankers
177
2
Other developed countries
179
5
Conclusion
184
6
Secrecy versus democracy
184
1
The case against democracy
185
4
Value of democratic regulation: it is democratic
189
1
Appendix 1 The American ``rate base'' formula for determining utility prices is identical to Britain's ``RPI-X'' formula
190
2
Appendix 2 220 C.M.R. 12.00 standards of conduct for distribution companies and their affiliates
192
6
Notes
198
26
Index
224
8
About the Authors
232