search for books and compare prices
Tables of Contents for Secondary Instructional Methods
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Preface
xiii
PART 1 Foundations
The Secondary School
2
24
Overview
2
1
Objectives
3
1
Evolution and Organization
4
13
Early Colonial Education
4
2
Early Secondary Education
6
1
Changing Focus
7
2
Current Trends in Secondary Education
9
1
Modern Secondary Education
10
1
Control of Schools
11
1
Expectations and Standards
11
1
Purposes of Secondary Education
12
5
Curricular Imperatives and Successful Teaching
17
8
Program Requirements
18
1
General Education
19
1
Exploratory Education
19
1
Career Education
19
1
State and Regional Accreditation
20
1
Students
20
2
Students Performance
22
1
A Model of Teaching
22
3
Chapter Summary
25
1
Discussion Questions and Activities
25
1
Students, Teaching, and Learning
26
28
Overview
26
1
Objectives
27
1
Adolescent Development
28
6
Psychobiological Development
28
3
Psychosocial Development
31
1
Cognitive Development
32
1
Sensorimotor Stage
32
1
Preoperational Stage
32
1
Concrete Operational Stage
32
1
Formal Operational Stage
33
1
Issues in Adolescence
34
4
Apathy
34
1
Delinquency
35
1
Drug and Alcohol Use
36
1
Working Adolescents
36
1
Pregnancy
37
1
Emotional Disorders
37
1
Teaching
38
5
Teaching As an Art and a Science
39
1
Effective Teaching
39
1
Effective Organization
40
1
Time in Schools and Classrooms
41
2
Learning
43
9
Behavioral Learning Theories
43
2
Cognitive Learning Theories
45
1
Information-Processing Theory
45
2
Learning Theories and Teaching Styles
47
1
Student Learning Style
48
1
Teaching Students to Learn
49
3
Chapter Summary
52
1
Discussion Questions and Activities
52
2
PART 2 Preparing for Instruction
Identifying and Organizing Content
54
24
Overview
54
1
Objectives
55
1
The Curriculum
56
2
Explicit Curriculum
56
2
Hidden Curriculum
58
1
Extracurriculum
58
1
Curriculum Structure
58
3
Subject-Centered Curriculum
59
1
Student-Centered Curriculum
60
1
Curriculum Selection
61
8
Needs of Students
61
1
Initial Diagnosis Phase
62
1
Continuous Diagnosis Phase
63
1
Diagnostic Tools
63
2
Needs of Society
65
2
Needs Derived from the Subject
67
2
Selection of Content
69
3
Imitative-Maintenance Level
69
1
Mediative Level
70
1
Creative-Generative Level
71
1
Planning the Course
72
4
Chapter Summary
76
1
Discussion Questions and Activities
76
2
Goals and Objectives
78
26
Overview
78
1
Objectives
79
1
Rationale for Objectives
80
3
Instructional Framework
80
1
Communication of Intent
80
1
Teacher Accountability
81
2
Objectives Specificity
83
1
Stating Objectives
84
5
Instructional Objectives
85
1
Element One: Performance
85
1
Element Two: Product
86
1
Element Three: Conditions
86
1
Element Four: Criteria
87
1
Informational Objectives
88
1
Communication of Objectives
89
2
Taxonomies of Objectives
91
11
Cognitive Domain
92
1
Level One: Knowledge
93
1
Level Two: Comprehension
93
1
Level Three: Application
94
1
Level Four: Analysis
94
1
Level Five: Synthesis
94
1
Level Six: Evaluation
94
1
Affective Domain
95
2
Level One: Receiving
97
1
Level Two: Responding
97
1
Level Three: Valuing
97
1
Level Four: Organization
98
1
Level Five: Characterization by a Value or Value Complex
98
1
Psychomotor Domain
98
1
Level One: Fundamental Movement
98
1
Level Two: Generic Movement
99
1
Level Three: Ordinative Movement
100
1
Level Four: Creative Movement
100
2
Chapter Summary
102
1
Discussion Question and Activities
102
2
Unit and Daily Planning
104
32
Overview
104
1
Objectives
105
1
Planning Instruction
106
10
Team Planning
106
1
Teacher-Student Planning
107
1
Instructional Materials
108
1
Students with Special needs
108
1
Course Planning
109
1
Unit Planning
109
3
Weekly Plans
112
1
Daily Lesson Plans
112
1
Postlesson Evaluation
113
1
Lesson Formats
113
3
Lesson Plan Structure
116
17
Set Induction
117
8
Strategies and Procedures
125
1
Methodology Selection
126
2
Procedure Selection
128
1
Closure
129
2
Lesson Planning for Everyday use
131
1
Reflective Teaching
131
2
Chapter Summary
133
1
Discussion Questions and Activities
134
2
Instructional-Media Learning Tools
136
32
Overview
136
1
Objectives
137
1
General Instructional-Media Selection Guidelines
138
1
Printed Materials
139
5
Textbooks
140
2
Programmed Textbooks
142
2
Nonprojection Verbal and Visual Experiences
144
5
Display Materials
144
1
Chalkboards
144
2
Bulletin Boards
146
2
Flat Pictures
148
1
Projected Verbal and Visual Experiences
149
16
Still Projected Materials
149
1
Overhead Transparencies
149
3
Filmstrips
152
1
Slides
153
1
Motion Pictures and Video/Television
154
4
Videodisc and Interactive Video Technology
158
1
Computers
159
2
Computer-Managed Instruction
161
1
Computer-Assisted Instruction
162
3
Chapter Summary
165
1
Discussion Questions and Activities
166
2
Direct Teaching Methods
168
30
Overview
168
1
Objectives
169
2
Exposition Teaching
171
8
Lecture
171
1
Strengths of the Lecture
171
1
Weaknesses of the Lecture
172
1
Variants of the Lecture
173
1
Telelecture
173
1
Textbook Lecture
173
1
Prerecorded Lecture
174
1
Planning the Lecture
174
1
Presenting the Lecture
175
1
Tempo
175
1
Audiovisual Aids
175
1
Stimulus Variation
176
1
Voice and Language
177
1
Balancing the Lecture
177
2
Exposition with Interaction Teaching
179
12
The Art of Questioning
179
1
Levels of Questions
179
1
Convergent and Divergent Questions
180
1
Mental Operation Questions
181
2
Types of Questions
183
1
Focusing Questions
184
1
Prompting Questions
184
1
Probing Questions
185
1
Questioning Techniques
186
1
Redirecting
186
1
Wait-Time
187
1
Halting Time
188
1
Reinforcement
188
1
Tips on Questioning
189
1
Lecture Recitation
190
1
Textbook Recitation
190
1
The Socratic Method
190
1
The Demonstration Method
191
4
Chapter Summary
195
2
Discussion Questions and Activities
197
1
Indirect Teaching Methods
198
36
Overview
198
1
Objectives
199
1
The Discussion Method
200
9
Planning the Discussion
202
1
Whole-Class Discussions
203
1
Small-Group Discussions
204
1
Brainstorming
205
1
Buzz Group
206
1
Task Group
206
1
Variants of the Discussion
206
1
Panels
206
1
Debates
207
1
Role-Playing
208
1
Cooperative Learning
209
1
Heuristic Methods
209
13
Problem Solving
210
1
Levels of Problem Solving
211
1
Discovery Learning
212
1
Discovery Learning Strategies
213
2
Benefits of Discovery Learning
215
1
Limitations of Discovery Learning
215
1
Inquiry Learning
216
1
Inquiry Learning Strategies
216
1
Suchman Inquiry Learning
217
1
Suchman Sessions
217
1
Benefits of Inquiry Learning
218
1
Limitations of Inquiry Learning
219
1
Simulations and Games
219
3
The Teacher's Role
222
1
Classroom Environment
222
3
Individualized Strategies
225
4
Individualized Instruction
225
2
Independent Study
227
1
Mastery Learning
227
1
Effectiveness of Individualization
228
1
Drill and Practice
229
2
Chapter Summary
231
1
Discussion Questions and Activities
232
2
Teaching Learning Strategies
234
24
Overview
234
1
Objectives
235
1
Responsibility
236
2
Thinking Skills
238
1
Categories of Thinking
239
6
Critical Thinking
240
1
Creative Thinking
241
1
Creative Difficulties
242
3
Thinking-Skills Instruction
245
10
The Separate Approach
245
1
The Infusion Approach
246
1
Critical Thinking Instruction
246
3
Thinking-Skills Activities
249
1
Brainstorming
249
1
Flexible Thinking
250
1
Forecasting
250
1
Inductive Thinking
251
1
Making Inferences
251
1
Logical Thinking
251
1
Deductive Thinking
252
1
Problem Solving
252
1
Decision Making
253
2
Chapter Summary
255
2
Discussion Questions and Activities
257
1
Evaluation and Measurement
258
32
Overview
258
1
Objectives
259
3
Evaluation Types
262
3
Diagnostic Evaluation
263
1
Formative Evaluation
264
1
Summative Evaluation
265
1
Systems of Evaluation
265
4
Competitive Evaluation
266
1
Standard Scores and Percentile
267
1
Noncompetitive Evaluation
268
1
Performance Assessment Using Portfolios
268
1
Problems with Evaluation
269
1
Measurement Accuracy
270
2
Reliability
270
1
Validity
271
1
Usability
272
1
Information Sources
272
9
Cumulative Record
274
1
Personal Contact
275
2
Analysis
277
1
Open-Ended Themes and Diaries
278
1
Conferences
279
1
Testing
280
1
Objective Observation
281
6
Rating Scales
281
1
Checklists
282
1
Questionnaires
283
4
Chapter Summary
287
1
Discussion Questions and Activities
288
2
Test Construction and Grading
290
28
Overview
290
1
Objectives
291
1
Types of Tests
292
12
Standardized Tests
292
2
Teacher-Made Tests
294
2
Alternate-Choice Items
296
1
Multiple-Choice Items
297
2
Matching
299
2
Completion
301
1
Essay
302
2
Quizzes
304
1
Published Test Banks
304
1
Grading Systems
305
4
Absolute Grading Standards
307
1
Relative Grading Standards
308
1
Assigning Final Grades
309
5
Point Grading System
309
1
Weighted Grading System
310
1
Percentage System
311
1
Contracting for Grades
311
3
Chapter Summary
314
1
Discussion Questions and Activities
315
3
PART 3 Implementation of Instruction
Communication
318
24
Overview
318
1
Objectives
319
1
The Communication Process
320
20
Verbal Communication
322
1
The Verbal Component
322
1
The Vocal Component
323
1
The Metaverbal Component
324
1
Nonverbal communication
324
1
Facial Language
325
1
Body Language
326
1
The Language of Space and Motion
327
2
The Language of Time
329
1
The Language of Voice
329
2
Listening
331
1
Hearing
332
1
Attending
332
1
Understanding
333
1
Remembering
334
2
Styles of Listening
336
1
One-Way Listening
336
1
Two-Way Listening
336
1
Empathic Listening
337
1
Listening Feedback
338
2
Chapter Summary
340
1
Discussion Questions and Activities
340
2
Motivation
342
24
Overview
342
1
Objectives
343
1
Intrinsic Versus Extrinsic Motivation
344
1
The Cognitive Approach to Motivation
345
3
Student Attitude
345
1
Student Needs
346
1
Natural Motives
347
1
The Stimulation Approach to Motivation
348
9
Classroom Atmosphere
348
1
Leadership Style
348
1
Physical Environment
349
1
Communication
349
1
Modeling
350
1
Stimulating Interest
351
2
Set Induction
353
1
Motivational Methods
354
1
Teacher Expectations
355
2
The Reinforcement Approach to Motivation
357
7
Positive versus Negative Reinforcement
358
1
Reinforcement Techniques
358
1
Vicarious Motivation
359
1
Feedback as Motivator
359
1
Reward Mechanisms
360
1
Contingency Contracts
361
3
Chapter Summary
364
1
Discussion Questions and Activities
365
1
Reading
366
36
Overview
366
1
Objectives
367
1
Reading Problems
368
2
Diagnostic Strategies
370
6
Student Reading Levels
370
1
Identifying Reading Levels
371
1
Oral and Silent Reading Assessments
371
2
The Cloze Procedure
373
3
Content-Area Reading Inventory
376
1
Content Reading Strategies
376
15
Before-Reading Strategies
376
5
During-Reading Strategies
381
5
After-Reading Strategies
386
5
Secondary School Textbooks
391
3
Structure of the Textbook
392
1
Using the Textbook
393
1
Textbook Adoption
393
1
Evaluation of Textbooks
394
1
Workbooks, Duplicated Materials, and Newspapers
394
6
Chapter Summary
400
1
Discussion Questions and Activities
400
2
Classroom Management
402
30
Overview
402
1
Objectives
403
1
The Role of Classroom Management
404
1
Approaches to Classroom Management
404
7
Self-Discipline Approach
404
1
Reality Therapy
405
1
Teacher Effectiveness Training (TET)
406
1
Instructional Approach
407
1
The Kounin Model
407
1
The Jones Model
408
1
Desist Approach
409
1
Assertive Discipline
410
1
Behaviour Modification
410
1
Causes of Misbehavior
411
5
Home Environment
412
2
The Teacher
414
1
Personality and Health Problems
415
1
Organizing for Effective Management
416
5
Planning
416
1
Establishing Routines
416
2
Managing Space
418
2
Establishing Usable Limits
420
1
Managing the Class
421
8
Getting Started
421
1
Know the Students
422
1
Enforcement of Rules
423
1
Monitoring
424
1
Punishment
424
5
Chapter Summary
429
1
Discussion Questions and Activities
429
3
PART 4 The Profession
Recent Directions in Secondary Education
432
19
Overview
432
1
Objectives
433
1
Recent Trends
434
10
Social Influences
434
1
Accountability
434
1
Political Influences
435
2
Educational Influences
437
1
Reflective Teaching
437
1
Mentoring
438
1
Professional Organizations
438
1
Growth as a Professional
439
1
Staff Development
439
1
Technological Influences
440
4
Reform and the Future
444
5
Competing Expectations
444
2
Changing Standards
446
1
Teacher Preparation and Performance
446
1
Pursuing Reform
447
2
Chapter Summary
449
1
Discussion Questions and Activities
449
2
Appendix A - Answer Keys
451
10
Appendix B - Laboratory Experiences: Microteaching and Reflective Teaching
461
10
Glossary
471
8
Bibliography
479
8
Index
487