search for books and compare prices
Tables of Contents for Immunology and Evolution of Infectious Disease
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Acknowledgments
xi
 
Introduction
3
10
PART I: BACKGROUND
Vertebrate Immunity
13
9
Nonspecific Immunity
14
1
Specific Immunity: Antigens and Epitopes
15
1
B Cells and Antibodies
16
3
T Cells and MHC
19
1
Summary
20
2
Benefits of Antigenic Variation
22
11
Extend Length of Infection
23
1
Infect Hosts with Prior Exposure
24
2
Infect Hosts with Genetically Variable Resistance
26
1
Vary Attachment Characters
26
2
Antigenic Interference
28
1
Problems for Future Research
29
4
PART II: MOLECULAR PROCESSES
Specificity and Cross-Reactivity
33
24
Antigens and Antibody Epitopes
35
1
Antibody Paratopes
36
2
Antibody Affinity Maturation
38
1
Natural Antibodies-Low-Affinity Binding to Diverse Antigens
39
1
Affinity versus Specificity
40
2
Cross-Reaction of Polyclonal Antibodies to Divergent Antigens
42
2
T Cell Epitopes
44
8
Every Host Differs
52
2
Problems for Future Research
54
3
Generative Mechanisms
57
16
Mutation and Hypermutation
58
3
Stochastic Switching between Archival Copies
61
5
New Variants by Intragenomic Recombination
66
1
Mixing between Genomes
67
1
Problems for Future Research
68
5
PART III: INDIVIDUAL INTERACTIONS
Immunodominance within Hosts
73
20
Antibody Immunodominance
74
5
CTL Immunodominance
79
8
Sequence of Exposure to Antigens: Original Antigenic Sin
87
2
Problems for Future Research
89
4
Parasite Escape within Hosts
93
18
Natural Selection of Antigenic Variants
94
3
Pathogen Manipulation of Host Immune Dynamics
97
1
Sequence of Variants in Active Switching from Archives
98
4
Ecological Coexistence of Variants within a Host
102
4
Problems for Future Research
106
5
PART IV: POPULATION CONSEQUENCES
Genetic Variability of Hosts
111
13
Polymorphisms in Specificity
112
3
Polymorphisms in Immune Regulation
115
6
Problems for Future Research
121
3
Immunological Variability of Hosts
124
24
Immunological Memory
125
4
Kinds of Parasites
129
3
Immunodominance of Memory
132
3
Cross-Reactivity and Interference
135
1
Distribution of Immune Profiles among Hosts
136
8
Problems for Future Research
144
4
Genetic Structure of Parasite Populations
148
27
Kinds of Genetic Structure
149
2
Pattern and Process
151
2
Genome-wide Linkage Disequilibrium
153
11
Antigenic Linkage Disequilibrium
164
2
Population Structure: Hosts as Islands
166
2
Problems for Future Research
168
7
PART V: STUDYING EVOLUTION
Classifications by Antigenicity and Phylogeny
175
13
Immunological Measures of Antigenicity
176
2
Phylogeny
178
1
Hypothetical Relations between Immunology and Phylogeny
179
2
Immunology Matches Phylogeny over Long Genetic Distances
181
1
Immunology-Phylogeny Mismatch with Radiations into New Hosts
181
2
Short-Term Phylogenetic Diversification Driven by Immunological Selection
183
1
Discordant Patterns of Phylogeny and Antigenicity Created by Within-Host Immune Pressure
183
3
Problems for Future Research
186
2
Experimental Evolution: Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus
188
17
Overview of Antigenicity and Structure
189
3
Antibody Escape Mutants
192
4
Cell Binding and Tropism
196
4
Fitness Consequences of Substitutions
200
2
Problems for Future Research
202
3
Experimental Evolution: Influenza
205
25
Overview of Antigenicity and Structure
206
8
Antibody Escape Mutants
214
2
Cell Binding and Tropism
216
2
Fitness Consequences of Substitutions
218
6
Experimental Evolution of Other Pathogens
224
3
Problems for Future Research
227
3
Experimental Evolution: CTL Escape
230
16
Cleavage and Transport of Peptides
231
1
MHC Binding
232
5
TCR Binding
237
2
Functional Consequences of Escape
239
1
Kinetics of Escape
240
3
Problems for Future Research
243
3
Measuring Selection with Population Samples
246
19
Kinds of Natural Selection
247
2
Positive Selection to Avoid Host Recognition
249
2
Phylogenetic Analysis of Nucleotide Substitutions
251
4
Predicting Evolution
255
5
Problems for Future Research
260
5
Recap of Some Interesting Problems
265
4
Population-Level Explanation for Low Molecular Variability
265
1
Molecular-Level Explanation for Population Dynamics
266
1
Binding Kinetics and the Dynamics of Immunodominance
266
1
Diversity and Regulation of Archival Repertoires
267
1
Final Note
268
1
References
269
44
Author Index
313
24
Subject Index
337