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Tables of Contents for Street Law
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Preface
v
Street Law, Inc.
vi
Acknowledgments
xxiv
UNIT ONE Introduction to Law and the Legal System
3
66
What is Law?
4
15
Law and Values
5
3
The Case of...The Shipwrecked Sailors
7
1
Human Rights
8
3
Human Rights USA
10
1
Balancing Rights with Responsibilities
11
1
Kinds of Laws
11
3
The Case of...The Apathetic Bystanders
12
2
Our Constitutional Framework
14
5
Law In Action: Appointing Independent Counsels: A Good Idea?
16
3
Lawmaking
19
8
Legislatures
19
5
The Case of...The Unclear Law
21
1
FYI: Guidelines for Drafting Laws
22
1
Law In Action: Drafting a Law Simulation
23
1
Agencies
24
2
Courts
26
1
Citizen Advocacy
27
11
The Art of Advocacy
27
3
YouthAct: Guidelines For Advocates
28
1
Law In Action: Changing the Law: Research and Role-play
29
1
Lobbying
30
1
Voting
31
7
FYI: Campaign Finance Reform
33
1
Law In Action: How Would You Have Voted?
34
1
Steps to Take: Writing a Public Official
35
3
Settling Disputes
38
7
Methods for Solving Disputes
39
6
Steps to Take: Tips for Negotiators
40
1
FYI: Steps in a Typical Mediation Session
41
2
Law In Action: Problems at the Mall
43
1
The Case of...The Barking Dog
44
1
The Court System
45
15
Trial Courts
45
4
FYI: Steps in a Trial
47
2
Appeals Courts
49
2
The Case of...Taking a Car by Mistake
50
1
Federal and State Court Systems
51
3
Tribal Courts
54
2
FYI: Indian Casinos
55
1
The U.S. Supreme Court
56
4
The Case Of...Gideon v. Wainwright
58
1
Law In Action: Who Should Be on the Supreme Court?
59
1
Lawyers
60
9
When Do You Need a Lawyer?
60
2
How Do You Find a Lawyer?
62
3
Steps to Take: What to Ask Your Lawyer
64
1
The Case Of...The Car Crash
65
1
Working with Your Attorney
65
4
FYI: Code of Professional Responsibility
67
2
UNIT TWO Criminal Law and Juvenile Justice
69
126
Crime in America
70
26
The Nature of Crimes
70
5
FYI: Crime in America, Then and Now
71
4
Gangs and Crime
75
4
FYI: Reducing Crime in America
76
1
What Are Gangs?
77
1
Who Joins Gangs?
77
1
Why Do People Join Gangs?
77
1
How Can the Gang Problem Be Solved?
78
1
Guns and the Law
79
4
FYI: Guns in America
80
2
Law In Action: Child Access Prevention Laws
82
1
YouthAct
83
1
Substance Abuse and Crime
83
6
Alcohol
83
3
Drugs
86
1
Law In Action: Legislative Hearing: Drugs in the City
87
2
Law In Action: Drug Courts
89
1
Victims of Crime
89
7
Steps to Take: Crime Prevention
92
2
Steps to Take: How to Report a Crime
94
1
Law In Action: Proposed Constitutional Amendment to Guarantee the Rights of Crime Victims
95
1
Introduction to Criminal Law
96
7
General Considerations
97
1
State and Federal Crimes
98
1
Classes of Crimes
98
1
Parties to Crimes
98
2
Law In Action: Good Samaritan Laws
99
1
The Case Of...The Drowning Girl
100
1
Crimes of Omission
100
1
Preliminary Crimes
100
3
Solicitation
100
1
Attempt
100
1
Conspiracy
101
1
Law In Action: Conspiracy and the Oklahoma City Bombing
102
1
Crimes Against the Person
103
8
Homicide
103
2
Criminal Homicide
103
1
Noncriminal Homicide
104
1
Suicide
105
2
FYI
106
1
The Case Of...The Dying Cancer Patient
107
1
Assault and Battery
107
1
Rape
108
3
FYI: Date Rape Information
109
2
Crimes Against Property
111
9
Arson
111
1
Vandalism
112
1
Larceny
112
2
Human Rights USA
113
1
Embezzlement
114
1
Robbery
115
1
Extortion
115
1
Burglary
115
1
Forgery
115
1
Receiving Stolen Property
116
1
Unauthorized Use of a Vehicle
116
1
Computer Crime
116
4
Defenses
120
6
No Crime Has Been Committed
120
1
Defendant Did Not Commit the Crime
120
1
Defendant Committed a Criminal Act, But the Act Was Excusable or Justified
121
1
Defendant Committed a Criminal Act But Is Not Criminally Responsible for His or Her Actions
122
4
The Criminal Justice Process: The Investigation Phase
126
20
Arrest
126
6
The Case Of...The Unlucky Couple
130
1
Steps to Take: What to Do If Arrested
131
1
Search and Seizure
132
11
Law In Action: Police and the Problem of Excessive Force
133
1
Searches with a Warrant
134
4
Searches without a Warrant
138
1
The Case Of...Fingers McGee
139
2
You Be The Judge: Police Searches and Automobiles
141
1
The Case Of...Drug Testing for Student Athletes
142
1
Interrogations and Confessions
143
3
FYI: The Criminal Justice System and the Americans with Disabilities Act
143
1
The Case Of...Miranda v. Arizona
144
1
The Case Of...The Parolee and the Detective
145
1
Criminal Justice Process: Proceedings Before Trial
146
11
Booking and Initial Appearance
146
1
Bail and Pretrial Release
147
2
Preliminary Hearing
149
3
You Be the Judge
150
2
Grand Jury
152
1
Felony Arraignment and Pleas
152
1
Pretrial Motions: The Exclusionary Rule
153
2
The Case Of...The Purse Search
153
2
Plea Bargaining
155
2
Criminal Justice Process: The Trial
157
6
Right to Trial by Jury
157
1
Right to a Speedy and Public Trial
158
2
Law In Action: Jury Nullification
159
1
Right to Compulsory Process and to Confront Witnesses
160
1
Freedom From Self-Incrimination
160
1
Right to an Attorney
161
2
Criminal Justice Process: Sentencing and Corrections
163
14
Purposes of Punishment
165
1
Parole
166
2
Law In Action: Truth in Sentencing Laws
167
1
Capital Punishment
168
3
FYI: Who's on Death Row?
169
2
The Case Of...The 15-Year-Old Murderer
171
1
Corrections
171
6
Life Behind Bars
171
1
The Case Of...Race as a Factor in Imposing the Death Penalty
172
1
Prison Overcrowding
173
3
FYI: Jails and Prisons: What's the Difference?
176
1
Juvenile Justice
177
18
History and Overview of Juvenile Courts
177
2
Who Is a Juvenile?
179
4
You Be the Judge
181
1
Law In Action: Juvenile Accountability
181
1
FYI: A Good Juvenile Justice System
182
1
Status Offenses
182
1
FYI: Helping Runaway Youth
183
1
Juvenile Justice Today
183
5
Law In Action: Hearing on a Curfew for Teens
184
1
The Case Of...Gerald Gault
185
3
FYI: Juvenile Law Terms Compared with Adult Law Terms
188
1
Procedures in Juvenile Court
188
7
UNIT THREE Torts
195
70
Torts: A Civil Wrong
196
20
The Idea of Liability
196
4
The Idea of Torts: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow
200
2
The Case Of...The Lung Cancer Death
201
1
Types of Torts
202
2
Taking Your Case to Court
204
5
Who Can Be Sued?
205
1
The Case Of...The Airline Explosion
206
1
The Case Of...The Cut Lip
206
1
The Case Of...The Spilled Peanut Butter
207
1
The Case Of...The Steering Wheel Failure
208
1
The Case Of...The Expensive Insurance Premium
209
1
Insurance
209
7
The Case Of...The Nonstop Car
211
2
Worker's Compensation
213
2
The Case Of...The School Slip and Fall
215
1
Intentional Torts
216
22
Types of Damages
216
2
The Case Of...The Mischievous Child
217
1
Torts That Injure Persons
218
5
The Case Of...Fisher v. Carrousel Motor Hotel, Inc.
219
1
The Case Of...The Taunted Worker
220
2
The Case Of...The Captured Shoplifter
222
1
Torts That Harm Property
223
12
The Case Of...Shelter for Street People
223
1
You Be the Judge
224
1
The Case Of...The Malicious Interview
225
1
Real Property
225
1
The Case Of...The Angry Father
226
2
The Case Of...The Unfenced Swimming Pool
228
1
Personal Property
228
1
Intellectual Property
229
2
FYI: For Your Information
231
1
The Case Of...Today's Menu
232
1
The Case Of...``Pretty Woman''
233
2
Defenses to Intentional Torts
235
2
Human Rights USA
237
1
Negligence
238
14
Elements of Negligence
239
1
Duty and Breach
239
4
The Case Of...The Spilled Coffee
240
1
The Reasonable Person Standard
240
2
The Case Of...Bartender Liability
242
1
Causation
243
3
The Case Of...Aids Liability
243
1
The Case Of...The Blood Transfusion
244
1
The Case Of...The Stolen Car
244
2
The Case Of...The Great Chicago Fire
246
1
Damages
246
1
Defenses to Negligence Suits
247
5
The Case Of...The College Prank
247
2
Law In Action: Cigarettes and the Law
249
2
FYI: Waivers
251
1
Strict Liability
252
8
Dangerous Activities
252
3
The Case Of...The Bee-Killing Farmer
254
1
Animals
255
1
Defective Products
255
4
The Case Of...The Dangerous Dog
256
1
The Case Of...The Exploding Gas Tank
257
2
Defenses to Strict Liability
259
1
Torts and Public Policy
260
5
Tort Reform
260
2
YouthAct
261
1
The Cost of Safety
262
3
Law In Action: Legislative Hearing: Medical Malpractice
263
2
UNIT FOUR Consumer and Housing Law
265
90
Contracts
266
6
Elements of a Contract
266
1
Minors and Contracts
267
2
The Case Of...The Required Cosigner
268
1
The Case Of...The Broken Promise
269
1
Written and Oral Contracts
269
1
Illegal Contracts
269
3
The Case Of...The Unfair Contract
270
1
The Case Of...The Haunted House
271
1
Warranties
272
6
Express Warranties
272
3
FYI: Warranties
273
2
Implied Warranties
275
2
The Case Of...The Guitar That Quit
277
1
Disclaimers
277
1
Credit
278
17
Credit Cards and Charge Accounts
278
5
FYI: Toll-Free Numbers for Credit Card Companies
279
1
The Case Of...The Lost Credit Cards
280
1
EFT Cards and Debit Cards
281
1
Billing Errors
281
1
FYI: Personal Identification Numbers
282
1
When Should You Use Credit?
283
1
The Cost of Credit
284
4
Interest Rates
284
1
The Case Of...The 50/50 Credit Plan
285
1
Other Charges
285
1
Costly Credit Arrangements
286
1
FYI: Students and Credit Cards
286
1
FYI: Using Credit
287
1
Truth in Lending
287
1
What Lenders Want to Know Before Extending Credit
288
2
The Case Of...The Hidden Charges
288
2
What to Do If You Are Denied Credit
290
1
Default and Collection Practices
291
4
What a Consumer Can Do in Case of Default
291
1
Creditor Collection Practices
292
1
The Case Of...The Missed Payment
293
2
Deceptive Sales Practices
295
12
Door-To-Door and Telephone Sales
295
2
The Case Of...Easy Money
296
1
Referral Sales
297
1
Advertising and the Consumer
297
4
FYI: Telemarketing Scams
297
1
The Case Of...The Guaranteed Jeep
298
1
YouthAct
299
2
Bait and Switch
301
1
Mail-Order Sales
302
2
FYI: Shopping by Mail
303
1
The Case Of...The Electric Knife
304
1
Repairs and Estimates
304
2
FYI: Repairs
305
1
The Cost Of...The Costly Estimate
305
1
Internet Commerce
306
1
Becoming a Smart Consumer
307
23
Influences On Consumers
307
3
FYI: Ads That Appeal to Our Emotions
309
1
Federal Consumer Protection
310
1
State and Local Consumer Protection
311
2
The Case Of...The Cheap Vacation Home
312
1
Protecting Your Rights as a Consumer
313
9
What to Do Before Buying
313
1
FYI: Things to Consider Before Making a Purchase
314
1
What to Do After Buying
315
1
FYI: How to Make a Complaint
316
1
FYI: Tips on Writing a Consumer Letter of Complaint
317
2
FYI: Government Consumer Publications
319
2
FYI: Federal Consumer Protection Agencies
321
1
Taking Your Case to Court
322
8
Criminal Court
322
1
Civil Court
323
1
Small Claims Court
324
4
Law In Action: Mock Trial: James Phillips v. The Radio Shop
328
2
Cars and the Consumer
330
5
Buying a Car
330
2
Financing a Car
332
3
The Case Of...The Used-Car Purchase
332
2
Steps to Take: In the Event of an Auto Accident
334
1
Housing and the Consumer
335
20
Leases: A Special Kind of Contract
336
2
The Case Of...The Summer Rental
337
1
Landlord-Tenant Negotiations
338
14
FYI: What to Consider Before Renting
338
2
Law In Action: Lease Negotiation
340
1
Paying the Rent
341
1
Raising the Rent
342
1
The Case Of...The Noisy Neighbor
343
1
Upkeep and Repairs
344
1
FYI: Sample Housing Code
345
1
Use of the Property
346
1
The Case Of...The Unsavory Visitors
346
1
Security Deposits
347
2
FYI: Security Deposits
349
1
Responsibility for Injuries in the Building
349
1
Landlord Access and Inspection
349
1
The Case Of...The Dormitory Rape
350
1
Rules and Regulations
350
1
Sublease of a House or Apartment
351
1
Homelessness: Is There a Right to Housing?
352
3
Human Rights USA: The Case of the Homeless Family
353
2
UNIT FIVE Family Law
355
68
Law and the American Family
356
6
Law from Birth to Death
356
2
What Is a Family?
358
4
Marriage
362
14
Getting Married
362
1
Legal Aspects of Marriage
363
3
The Case Of...Loving v. Virginia
365
1
The Case Of...The Common-Law Marriage
366
1
Common-Law Marriage
366
1
Human Rights USA: The Case of the Arranged Marriage
367
1
Financial Responsibilities
367
4
The Case Of...The Unpaid Bills
368
2
The Case Of...Planning a Marriage
370
1
Decisions in a Marriage
371
1
Spouse Abuse
372
4
The Case Of...Spouse Abuse
373
1
Steps to Take: What to Do if Spouse Abuse Occurs
374
2
Legal Rights of Single People Who Live Together
376
4
Palimony
376
2
The Case Of...The Model v. The Football Player
377
1
Paternity
378
1
The Case Of...The Unwed Father
379
1
Same-Sex Partners
379
1
Parents and Children
380
14
Responsibilities Between Parent and Children
380
9
Support
380
1
The Case Of...The School Health Clinic
381
1
The Case Of...The Mentally Disabled Adult
382
1
Emancipation
382
1
Family Responsibility Laws
382
1
Education
382
1
Medical Care
383
1
Law In Action: Individuals with Disabilities Act
384
1
The Case Of...The Rich Daughter
384
1
The Case Of...The School at Home
385
1
Care and Supervision
385
1
The Case Of...Gregory K.
386
1
Discipline
386
1
Parental Responsibility for Children's Acts
387
1
Law In Action: Family and Medical Leave Act
388
1
Earnings and Employment
389
1
Child Abuse and Neglect
389
5
YouthAct
389
1
Sexual Abuse
390
2
The Case Of...A Parent, Drug Use, and Neglect
392
1
Steps to Take: How to Report Child Abuse and Neglect
393
1
Foster Care and Adoption
394
5
The Case Of...Scarpetta v. The Adoption Service
396
2
Law In Action: Adoption Records Hearing
398
1
Separation, Divorce and Custody
399
12
Marriage Problems
399
1
Separation and Divorce
400
4
Separation
400
1
Divorce
400
4
Law In Action
404
1
Child Custody
404
4
The Case Of...The Hidden Child
407
1
Alimony, Property Division, and Child Support
408
3
The Case Of...The Medical School Degree
409
2
Government Support for Families and Individuals
411
12
Economic Benefits for Individuals and Families
412
5
Social Security
412
1
Supplemental Security Income
413
1
Welfare After Reform
414
1
Food Stamps
415
1
Earned Income Tax Credits
416
1
Tax Credits for Families with Children
416
1
Housing Assistance
416
1
Mortgage Interest Deductions
417
1
Health Benefits
417
3
Medicare
418
1
Law In Action
418
1
Medicaid
419
1
Educational Benefits
420
3
Elementary and Secondary Public Schools
420
1
Colleges and Universities
421
2
UNIT SIX Rights in the Community
423
126
Introduction to Constitutional Law
424
5
Amendments to the Constitution
424
3
Basic Constitutional Law Principles
427
2
Freedom of Speech
429
19
The Importance of Freedom of Speech
429
2
The Case Of...The St. Patrick's Day Parade
430
1
Obscenity
431
3
The Case Of...Speech in Cyberspace
433
1
Defamation
434
1
Commercial Speech
434
2
The Case Of...The Public Official's Lawsuit for Libel
435
1
Fighting Words, Offensive Speakers, and Hostile Audiences
436
5
The Case of...The Offensive Speaker
436
2
Hate Speech
438
2
Law In Action: International Forum on Hate Speech
440
1
Time, Place, and Manner Restrictions
441
1
Symbolic Speech
442
4
The Case Of...Parade Permit Fees
443
1
The Case Of...The Flag Burning
444
2
Vagueness and Overinclusive Laws
446
2
The Case Of...The Cross-Burning Law
446
1
Law In Action: Advising Your City Council
447
1
Freedom of the Press
448
7
The Case Of...The Televised Candidate's Debate
449
1
The Case Of...The Gag Order
450
1
Prohibiting Publication
450
2
Denying the Press Access to Information
452
2
Requiring the Press to Disclose Information
454
1
The Case Of...The Shield Law
454
1
Expression in Special Places
455
5
The Case Of...The Student Armbands
456
1
The First Amendment in Public Schools
456
3
The Case Of...Censorship of the School Newspaper
457
2
The First Amendment in Prisons and the Military
459
1
Freedom of Religion
460
7
The Case Of...The Holiday Displays
461
1
The Establishment Clause
462
2
The Case Of...The Rabbi's Invocation
463
1
The Free Exercise Clause
464
3
The Case Of...The Amish Children
465
2
Due Process
467
5
Substantive Due Process
468
1
Procedural Due Process
468
4
The Case Of...The Rights To Die
469
1
The Case Of...Goss v. Lopez
470
2
The Right to Privacy
472
10
Development of the Right to Privacy
472
2
Privacy in the Home
474
1
Privacy at School
474
2
The Case Of...Possessing Obscene Materials at Home
475
1
The Case Of...Gang Symbols and School Suspension
476
1
Information Gathering and Privacy
476
2
The Case Of...The Candidate's Indiscretion
478
1
Reproductive Rights and Privacy
478
4
The Case Of...Abortion Law Challenges
480
2
Discrimination
482
42
What Is Discrimination?
483
2
The Rational Basis Test
485
1
The Strict Scrutiny Test
485
1
The Substantial Relationship Test
485
1
Potential Limits of Equality Protection
486
1
Discrimination Based on Race
486
10
Human Rights USA: Would ``Group Rights'' Help End Discrimination in the U.S.?
487
1
Discrimination In Education
487
1
FYI: Should Collective Rights be Recognized?
488
1
The Case Of...Conflict at Windsor Beach
489
2
The Case Of...The Affirmative Action Law School Admissions Process
491
1
Discrimination in Employment
492
1
The Case Of...Two Teachers Hired on the Same Day
493
1
Discrimination in Voting Rights
494
1
The Case Of...The Oddly Shaped Voting District
495
1
Discrimination Based on National Origin and Citizenship Status
496
3
The Case Of...Educating the Children of Undocumented People
497
1
The Case Of...The Single-Sex School
498
1
Discrimination Based on Gender
499
7
The Case Of...The Obnoxious Remarks
501
5
Discrimination Based on Age
506
2
The Case Of...The Forced Retirement
507
1
Discrimination Based on Disability
508
7
The Case Of...The Young Filmmaker
508
1
The Case Of...The Student with a Disability
509
1
Early Legislation
509
1
The Americans with Disabilities Act
510
1
The Case Of...The Dentist and his HIV-Infected Patient
511
1
The Case Of...The Golfer and his Golf Cart
512
1
The Case Of...The Unwanted Tenant
513
2
Housing Discrimination
515
2
State and Local Laws Against Discrimination
517
7
Steps to Take: Actions to Take if Your Rights Are Violated
518
1
The Case Of...Eliminating Gay and Lesbian Rights
519
1
The Case Of...The Gay Student Club and the Religious University
520
1
Law In Action: Can Youth Groups Ban Gay Leaders? A Human Rights Commission Hearing
521
1
Law In Action: State and Local Laws Protecting Against Discrimination Based on Sexual Orientation
522
1
Youth Act
523
1
Rights and Responsibilities in the Workplace
524
25
Looking for a Job
524
4
The Job Interview
524
3
Test Job Applicants
527
1
Conditions on the Job
528
13
Wages and Hours
528
2
Taxes and Benefits
530
1
Steps to Take: How to Complain about Wage and Hour Problems
530
1
Social Security
531
1
Unions
531
3
Health and Safety in the Workplace
534
1
The Case Of...The Collapsed Building
535
3
Privacy at Work
538
1
The Case Of...The Smoking Insurance Agent
539
2
The Case Of...Testing Customs Agents for Drugs
541
1
Losing a Job
541
8
Employment Contracts
541
2
When a Firing May Be Illegal
543
1
The Case Of...The Shoe Store Firing
544
1
Procedures Before Job Loss
545
1
If You Lose Your Job
546
3
Appendix A, The Constitution of the United States
549
14
Appendix B, The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948)
563
8
Appendix C, Major Federal Civil Rights Laws
571
4
Appendix D, Charts of State Laws
575
20
Appendix E, Careers in the Law
595
18
Appendix F, Organizations to Know
613
38
Index
651
26
National Advisory Committee
677
1
Photo Credits
678