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Tables of Contents for Video Basics 4 With Infotrac
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
About the Author
xvi
Preface
xvii
Part I Production: Processes and People
1
32
The Production Process
2
14
Effect-To-Cause Production Model
4
8
Basic Idea
5
1
Desired Effect: Defined Process Message and Angle
6
2
Cause: Medium Requirements
8
2
Real Effect: Actual Process Message
10
1
Evaluation
10
2
Generating Ideas
12
4
Brainstorming
12
1
Clustering
13
3
The Production Team: Who Does What When?
16
17
Production Teams
18
4
Preproduction Team
18
2
Production Team
20
1
Postproduction Team
20
2
Passing the Buck
22
4
Taking and Sharing Responsibility
26
2
Production Schedule
28
5
Interview Time Line
28
1
Production Schedule: May 7---Interview (Studio 1)
29
4
Part II Image Creation: Digital Video and Camera
33
82
Image Formation and Digital Video
34
12
Basic Image Formation
35
5
Scanning Process
36
2
Digital HDTV Scanning Systems
38
1
Flat-Panel Screens
39
1
What Is Digital?
40
2
The Difference Between Analog and Digital
40
2
Why Digital?
42
4
Picture Quality in Dubs
42
1
Compression
42
2
Picture and Sound Manipulation
44
2
The Video Camera
46
20
Basic Camera Function and Elements
47
9
Function
47
2
Lens
49
4
Beam Splitter
53
1
Imaging Device
53
2
Viewfinder
55
1
Types of Cameras
56
10
Studio Cameras
56
2
Field Cameras
58
1
HDTV Cameras
58
1
ENG/EFP Cameras and Camcorders
58
3
Camcorders
61
2
Connectors
63
1
What's the Difference?
63
3
Operating the Camera
66
24
Basic Camera Movements
68
3
Camera Mounts and How to Use Them
71
11
Handheld and Shoulder-Mounted Camera
71
3
Tripod-Supported Camera
74
3
Studio Pedestal
77
2
Special Camera Mounts
79
3
Operational Features
82
4
White-balancing
82
1
Focusing
83
2
Shutter Speed
85
1
Zooming
85
1
General Guidelines
86
4
Checklist: Camcorders and ENG/EFP Cameras
86
1
Checklist: Studio Cameras
87
3
Looking Through the Viewfinder
90
25
Framing a Shot
92
13
Aspect Ratio
92
1
Field of View
92
2
Vectors
94
2
Composition
96
6
Psychological Closure
102
3
Manipulating Picture Depth
105
4
Defining the Z-axis
105
1
Lenses and Z-axis Length
106
1
Lenses and Depth of Field
107
1
Lenses and Z-axis Speed
108
1
Controlling Camera and Object Motion
109
6
Controlling Camera Movement and Zooms
109
2
Controlling Object Motion
111
4
Part III Image Creation: Light, Sound, Graphics, and Effects
115
88
Light, Color, and Lighting
116
34
Light
118
3
Types of Light
118
1
Light Intensity
118
1
Contrast
119
1
Measuring Illumination
120
1
Shadows
121
4
Attached Shadows
121
3
Cast Shadows
124
1
Falloff
124
1
Color
125
3
Additive and Subtractive Color Mixing
126
1
Color Television Receiver and Generated Colors
126
1
Color Temperature and White-Balancing
127
1
Lighting Instruments
128
8
Spotlights
128
4
Floodlights
132
2
Special-Purpose Spotlights and Floodlights
134
2
Lighting Techniques
136
14
Operation of Lights
136
1
Checklist: Lighting Safety
136
1
Studio Lighting
137
5
Field Lighting
142
5
Guidelines: Field Lighting
147
3
Audio and Sound Control
150
34
Sound Pickup Principle
152
1
Microphones
153
13
How Well Mics Can Hear: Sound Pickup
153
2
How Mics Are Made
155
1
How Mics Are Used
156
10
Sound Control
166
8
Audio Mixer
166
4
Audio Console
170
2
Cables and Patch Panel
172
2
Sound Recording
174
4
Analog Recording Equipment
174
2
Digital Recording Equipment
176
2
Synthesized Sound
178
1
Sound Aesthetics
179
5
Context
179
1
Figure-Ground
179
1
Perspective
180
1
Continuity
180
1
Energy
181
3
Graphics and Effects
184
19
Principles of Graphics
186
4
Aspect Ratio
186
1
Essential Area
186
2
Readability
188
1
Color
188
1
Animated Graphics
189
1
Style
190
1
Standard Electronic Video Effects
190
6
Superimposition
190
1
Key
191
3
Wipe
194
2
Digital Effects
196
7
Digital Image Manipulation Equipment
196
1
Common Digital Video Effects
197
2
Synthetic Image Creation
199
4
Part IV Image Control: Switching, Recording, and Editing
203
88
Switcher and Switching
204
16
Production Switcher
205
2
Switcher Layout
207
2
Program Bus
207
1
Mix Bus
208
1
Preview Bus
208
1
Multifunction Switcher
209
3
Program Bus
209
1
Preview, or Preset, Bus
210
1
Key Bus
211
1
Delegation Controls
211
1
Switcher Operation
212
8
Working the Program Bus: Cuts-Only
212
1
Working the Mix Buses: Cuts
213
1
Working the Mix Buses: Dissolves
214
1
Working the Effects Bus: Wipes
215
1
Working the Key Bus: Keys
216
2
Working the Downstream Keyer
218
1
Chroma Keying
218
1
Special Effects
218
2
Video Recording
220
22
Videotape-Recording Systems
221
9
Tape- and Disk-Based Recording Systems
222
1
Basic Videotape Tracks
222
2
Composite, Y/C Component, and RGB Component Systems
224
2
Types of Videotape Recorders
226
1
Time Base Corrector
226
3
Tape Format and Quality
229
1
Videotape-Recording Process
230
6
The ``Before'' Checklist
230
2
The ``During'' Checklist
232
3
The ``After'' Checklist
235
1
Nonlinear Storage Systems
236
2
Computer Disks
236
1
Video Server
237
1
Electronic Still Store System
237
1
Read/Write Optical Discs
237
1
Use of Video Recording
238
4
Multimedia
238
1
Interactive Video
238
4
Postproduction: Linear and Nonlinear Editing
242
28
Postproduction Editing
243
15
Linear Editing Systems
244
9
Nonlinear Editing Systems
253
2
Nonlinear Editing Procedures
255
3
Postproduction Preparations
258
6
Production Tips to Make Postproduction Easier
260
4
Off-Line and On-Line Editing
264
6
Off-Line Editing Procedures
265
1
On-Line Editing Procedures
266
4
Editing Principles
270
21
Editing Purpose
271
1
Editing Functions
272
1
Combine
272
1
Condense
272
1
Correct
273
1
Build
273
1
Aesthetic Principles of Continuity Editing
273
14
Mental Map
274
3
Vectors
277
4
On- and Off-screen Positions
281
6
Aesthetic Principles of Complexity Editing
287
4
Intensifying an Event
287
2
Supplying Meaning
289
2
Part V Production Environment: Studio, Field, and Synthetic
291
46
Production Environment: The Studio
292
26
Video Production Studio
294
4
Physical Layout
294
2
Major Installations
296
2
Studio Control Room
298
4
Image Control
298
4
Sound Control
302
1
Master Control
302
2
Studio Support Areas
304
1
Scenery and Property Storage
304
1
Makeup
304
1
Scenery, Properties, and Set Dressings
305
5
Scenery
305
4
Properties
309
1
Set Dressings
310
1
Set Design
310
8
Process Message
310
1
Floor Plan
311
2
Prop List
313
1
Using the Floor Plan for Setup
313
1
Evaluating the Floor Plan
314
4
Production Environment: Field and Computer-Generated
318
19
Electronic News Gathering
320
2
News Gathering
320
1
Transmission
320
2
Electronic Field Production
322
9
Preproduction: Remote Survey
322
1
Production: Shooting
323
3
Checklist: Field Production Equipment
326
5
Postproduction: Wrap-up
331
1
Big Remotes
331
2
Synthetic Environments
333
4
Computer-Generated Settings
333
1
Virtual Reality
334
1
Computer-Controlled Environments
334
3
Part VI Production Control: Talent and Directing
337
53
Talent, Clothing, and Makeup
338
20
Performing Techniques
340
10
Performer and Camera
340
2
Audio and Lighting
342
1
Timing and Prompting
343
7
Acting Techniques
350
2
Environment and Audience
350
1
Close-ups
351
1
Repeating Action
352
1
Auditions
352
1
Clothing
353
1
Texture and Detail
353
1
Color
353
1
Makeup
354
4
Technical Requirements
355
1
Materials
355
3
Putting It All Together: Directing
358
32
Revisiting the Effect-To-Cause Model
360
8
Script Formats
361
7
Visualization
368
1
Preparing for a Multicamera Studio Production
369
6
Control Room Directing
375
10
Terminology
376
3
Time Line
379
1
Rehearsals
380
2
Directing the Multicamera Show
382
3
Single-Camera Directing
385
5
Interview
385
1
Documentary
386
1
Drama
386
4
Epilogue
390
1
Glossary
391
11
Index
402
8
Photo Credits
410