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Tables of Contents for Organizational Communication
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
PART A FOUNDING APPROACHES
1
68
Classical Approaches
4
22
The Machine Metaphor of Organizing
4
2
Henri Fayol's Theory of Classical Management
6
5
Elements of Management
7
1
Principles of Management
7
3
Summary of Fayol's Theory
10
1
Max Weber's Theory of Bureaucracy
11
2
Frederick Taylor's Theory of Scientific Management
13
3
Impetus for the Theory of Scientific Management
14
1
Components of Scientific Management
14
2
Communication in Classical Approaches
16
2
Content of Communication
17
1
Spotlight on Scholarship
18
2
Direction of Communication Flow
19
1
Channel of Communication
19
1
Style of Communication
20
1
Classical Management in Organizations Today
20
2
Classical Structure in Today's Organizations
21
1
Classical Job Design in Today's Organizations
22
1
Summary
22
2
Case Study: The Creamy Creations Takeover
24
2
Human Relations Approaches
26
21
From Classical Theory to Human Relations: The Hawthorne Studies
27
3
The Illumination Studies
27
1
The Relay Assembly Test Room Studies
27
1
The Interview Program
28
1
The Bank Wiring Room Studies
28
1
Explanations of Findings in the Hawthorne Studies
29
1
Theories of the Human Relations Movement
30
8
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory
30
3
Herzberg's Motivation-Hygiene Theory
33
2
McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y
35
2
Comparison of the Three Theories
37
1
Spotlight on Scholarship
38
1
Communication in Human Relations Approaches
39
3
Content of Communication
39
1
Direction of Communication Flow
40
1
Channel of Communication
40
1
Style of Communication
41
1
The Human Relations Approach in Organizations Today
42
1
Impact on Managerial Attitudes
42
1
Impact on Job Design
42
1
Summary
43
2
Case Study: Motivation at Healthtime Fitness Club
45
2
Human Resources Approaches
47
22
Impetus for the Human Resources Approach
48
4
Do Human Relations Principles Work?
48
2
Misuse of Human Relations Principles
50
2
Founding Theories of the Human Resources Approach
52
5
Blake and Mouton's Managerial Grid
52
1
Likert's System IV
53
2
Ouchi's Theory Z
55
1
Comparison of the Three Theories
56
1
Communication in Human Resources Organizations
57
2
Content of Communication
57
1
Direction of Communication Flow
58
1
Channel of Communication
58
1
Style of Communication
59
1
Human Resources Organizations Today
59
1
Spotlight on Scholarship
60
5
The ``What'' of Human Resources Programs
60
2
The ``How'' of Human Resources Programs
62
3
Summary
65
2
Case Study: Teamwork at the Marshall's Processing Plant
67
2
PART B CONTEMPORARY APPROACHES
69
66
Systems Approaches
71
23
The Systems Metaphor and Systems Concepts
72
5
Systems Components
73
1
Systems Processes
74
2
System Properties
76
1
Spotlight on Scholarship
77
3
Three Systems Theories
80
6
Cybernetic Systems Theory
80
2
Karl Weick's Theory of Organizing
82
2
``New Science'' Systems Theory
84
2
Methods for Studying Organizational Systems
86
4
Network Analysis
86
2
Modeling Techniques
88
2
Case Analysis
90
1
Summary
90
2
Case Study: Sensemaking after the Acquisition
92
2
Cultural Approaches
94
21
Prescriptive Views of Culture
95
3
Deal and Kennedy's ``Strong Cultures''
96
1
Peters and Waterman's ``Excellent Cultures''
96
2
Alternative Approaches to Culture
98
2
Organizational Cultures Are Complicated
99
1
Organizational Cultures Are Emergent
99
1
Spotlight on Scholarship
100
3
Organizational Cultures Are Not Unitary
101
1
Organizational Cultures Are Often Ambiguous
102
1
Schein's Model of Organizational Culture
103
7
A Definition of Culture
103
1
A Model of Culture
104
6
Methods for Studying Organizational Culture
110
2
Summary
112
1
Case Study: The Rise and Fall of Enron
113
2
Critical Approaches
115
20
Critical Approaches
116
8
The Pervasiveness of Power
117
5
Ideology and Hegemony
122
1
Emancipation
123
1
Two Critical Approaches in Communication
124
2
A Theory of Concertive Control
125
1
Spotlight on Scholarship
126
5
Feminist Theories of Organizational Communication
128
3
Research Methodology in the Critical Approach
131
1
Summary
132
1
Case Study: Talking Turkey
133
2
PART C ENDURING PROCESSES
135
88
Assimilation Processes
137
21
Models of Organizational Socialization
138
2
Phases of Socialization
138
2
Spotlight on Scholarship
140
4
Content of Socialization
142
1
Summary of Socialization Models
143
1
Communication Processes During Assimilation
144
9
The Employment Interview
144
3
Newcomer Information-Seeking Tactics
147
2
Role-Development Processes
149
3
Organizational Exit
152
1
Summary
153
3
Case Study: Letters to Delta Chi
156
2
Decision-Making Processes
158
24
Models of the Decision-Making Process
158
3
Rational Models of Decision Making
158
1
Alternatives to Rational Models
159
2
Descriptive Research on Organizational Decision Making
161
2
Small-Group Decision Making
163
5
Descriptive Models of Small-Group Decision Making
163
2
Effective Small-Group Decision Making
165
3
Spotlight on Scholarship
168
1
Participation in Decision Making
169
6
Effects of Participation in Decision Making
170
1
Models of the Participation Process
170
2
Participative Applications in Organizations and Workplace Democracy
172
3
Summary
175
4
Case Study: Too Many Majors
179
3
Conflict Management Processes
182
22
Conceptualizing the Conflict Process
182
4
Defining Conflict
182
2
Levels of Organizational Conflict
184
1
Phases of Organizational Conflict
184
2
Managing Organizational Conflict
186
7
Conflict Styles
186
3
Bargaining and Negotiation
189
2
Third-Party Conflict Resolution
191
2
Factors Influencing the Conflict Management Process
193
2
Personal Factors
194
1
Relational Factors
194
1
Spotlight on Scholarship
195
2
Cultural Factors
196
1
An Alternative View of Conflict
197
1
Summary
198
4
Case Study: The Problem with Teamwork
202
2
Change Processes in Organizations
204
19
Organizational Change Processes
205
3
Models of Organizational Change
205
2
Reactions to Organizational Change
207
1
Spotlight on Scholarship
208
4
Communication in the Change Process
210
2
Individual Change Processes: Feedback
212
6
Feedback Contexts
213
2
Feedback Dimensions
215
1
Effects of Feedback
216
1
Seeking Feedback
217
1
Summary
218
3
Case Study: The Performance Appraisal Meeting
221
2
PART D EMERGING PROCESSES
223
80
Processes of Emotion in the Workplace
225
20
Emotion in the Workplace
226
4
Emotion as Part of the Job
226
2
Emotion as Part of Workplace Life
228
2
Spotlight on Scholarship
230
1
Summary
231
1
Stress, Burnout, and Social Support in the Workplace
231
10
Burnout
232
1
Stressors That Lead to Burnout
233
1
Outcomes of Burnout
234
1
Communication as a Cause of Burnout
235
3
Coping with Burnout
238
3
Summary
241
2
Case Study: After September 11: Emotion in the Workplace
243
2
Diversity Management Processes
245
21
Women and Minorities in Today's Organizations
246
5
Explanation 1: Actual Differences
247
1
Explanation 2: Systemic Barriers
248
2
Explanation 3: Discrimination
250
1
The Multicultural Organization
251
5
The Diverse Organization: Opportunities
253
2
The Diverse Organization: Challenges
255
1
Spotlight on Scholarship
256
4
Managing Cultural Diversity
260
2
Summary
262
2
Case Study: Perspectives on Encouraging Cultural Diversity
264
2
Technological Processes
266
19
Types of Organizational Communication Technology
267
3
Theories of Communication Media Usage
270
5
The Media Richness Model
270
2
The Social Information Processing Model
272
2
The Dual-Capacity Model
274
1
Spotlight on Scholarship
275
1
Effects of Organizational Communication Technology
276
4
Effects on Communication Content
277
1
Effects on Communication Patterns
277
1
Effects on Communication Outcomes
278
1
Effects on Organizational Structure
279
1
Summary
280
3
Case Study: High-Tech Gardening
283
2
The Changing Landscape of Organizations
285
18
Communication in the Global Workplace
286
2
Spotlight on Scholarship
288
4
Effects of Globalization
288
4
Communication in an Era of Shifting Identity
292
2
Communication in a Service Economy
294
3
Communication in the Age of the Disposable Worker
297
3
Summary
300
1
Case Study: Charting the Changing Nature of Work
301
2
References
303
20
Author Index
323
4
Subject Index
327