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Tables of Contents for Criminal Law
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Preface
xxi
CHAPTER 1 The Nature, Origins, and Purposes of Criminal Law
1
42
Introduction
3
2
The Nature of Criminal Law
5
1
The General and Special Parts of Criminal Law
6
1
Classifying Crimes
7
3
Crime, Tort, and Nonlegal Responses to Social Harms
7
1
Felony, Misdemeanor, and Violation
8
1
Wrongs Mala in Se and Mala Prohibita
9
1
Classifications According to Subject
9
1
Punishment
10
13
Retribution
12
2
Prevention
14
8
Trends in Punishment
22
1
Criminal Law in a Federal System
23
1
Sources of Criminal Law
24
5
The Common-Law Origins of Criminal Law
25
2
Criminal Codes
27
1
Common-Law Crimes and Modern Criminal Law
28
1
"Rational Criminal Law"
29
1
Nonlegal Influences on Criminal Law
30
6
The Influence of Ideology
31
2
The Influence of the Irrational
33
1
The Influence of History
34
1
The Influence of an "Ethical Core"
35
1
Summary
36
7
CHAPTER 2 Constitutional Limits on Criminal Law
43
41
Introduction
45
1
The Principle of Legality
46
1
Void-For-Vagueness Doctrine
46
1
How to Read, Analyze, and Find Cases
47
9
Equal Protection of the Laws
56
5
Ex Post Facto Laws
61
2
The Right to Privacy
63
5
Free Speech
68
5
Cruel and Unusual Punishments
73
7
Summary
80
4
CHAPTER 3 The General Principles of Criminal Liability
84
56
Introduction
86
2
Actus Reus
88
22
Status or Condition as Action
89
4
Thoughts and Action
93
1
Voluntariness
94
2
Words as Acts
96
1
Omission
96
8
Possession
104
5
Summary of Actus Reus
109
1
Mens Rea
110
17
Determining Mens Rea
110
1
Defining Mens Rea
111
16
Concurrence
127
1
Causation
128
8
Grading Offenses
136
1
Summary
136
4
CHAPTER 4 Parties to Crime: Complicity and Vicarious Liability
140
35
Introduction
142
1
Parties to Crime
143
14
Actus Reus of Accomplice Liability
144
5
Mens Rea of Accomplice Liability
149
4
Complicity Following Crime
153
4
Vicarious Liability
157
16
Vicarious Individual Liability for Corporate Crime
164
5
Noncorporate Vicarious Liability
169
4
Summary
173
2
CHAPTER 5 Uncompleted Crimes: Attempt, Conspiracy, and Solicitation
175
47
Introduction
177
1
Attempt
178
24
History of the Law of Attempt
178
1
Theories of Criminal Attempt
179
1
The Elements of Criminal Attempt
180
10
Legal and Factual Impossibility
190
7
Abandonment
197
5
Summary of Attempt Law
202
1
Conspiracy
202
13
Conspiracy Actus Reus
203
2
Conspiracy Mens Rea
205
3
The Objective of the Conspiracy
208
1
Parties to the Conspiracy
209
5
Summary of Conspiracy Law
214
1
Solicitation
215
4
Summary
219
3
CHAPTER 6 Defenses to Criminal Liability: Justifications
222
60
Introduction
225
2
Self-Defense
227
25
Elements of Self-Defense
227
18
The Retreat Doctrine
245
3
Defense of Others
248
1
Defense of Home and Property
248
4
Execution of Public Duties
252
3
Resisting Unlawful Arrest
255
6
Choice-of-Evils Defense
261
12
The Elements of the Choice-of-Evils Defense
263
7
Economic Necessity
270
3
Consent
273
5
Summary
278
4
CHAPTER 7 Defenses to Criminal Liability: Excuses
282
58
Introduction
284
1
Duress
284
8
Intoxication
292
7
Mistake
299
4
Age
303
4
Entrapment
307
8
Insanity
315
13
Right-Wrong Test
316
7
Irresistible Impulse Test
323
1
Substantial Capacity Test
324
3
Burden of Proof
327
1
Diminished Capacity
328
4
Syndromes
332
3
Summary
335
5
CHAPTER 8 Crimes Against Persons I: Criminal Homicide
340
63
Introduction
342
2
Elements of Criminal Homicide
344
9
Criminal Homicide Mens Rea
344
1
Criminal Homicide Actus Reus
344
9
Causing Another's Death
353
3
Types and Degrees of Criminal Homicide
356
21
First-Degree Murder
357
5
Second-Degree Murder
362
3
Felony Murder
365
7
Corporate Murder
372
4
Summary of Murder
376
1
Manslaughter
377
22
Voluntary Manslaughter
377
10
Involuntary Manslaughter
387
5
Negligent Homicide
392
7
Summary
399
4
CHAPTER 9 Crimes Against Persons: Criminal Sexual Conduct and Others
403
48
Introduction
405
1
Criminal Sexual Conduct
406
4
History of Rape
407
3
The Elements of Rape
410
22
The Actus Reus of Rape
410
8
The Element of Nonconsent
418
5
Statutory Rape
423
2
The Mens Rea of Rape
425
1
Criminal Sexual Conduct with Children
426
1
Marital Rape Exception
427
4
Criminal Sexual Conduct Statutes
431
1
Grading Rape
432
1
Summary of Rape and Criminal Sexual Conduct
432
1
Assault and Battery
432
8
The Elements of Battery
433
3
The Elements of Assault
436
4
False Imprisonment
440
1
Kidnapping
441
7
Summary
448
3
CHAPTER 10 Crimes against Habitation: Burglary and Arson
451
19
Introduction
453
1
Burglary
454
1
The Elements of Burglary
455
6
Burglary Actus Reus
455
1
Dwelling Requirement
456
3
The "of Another" Element
459
2
The "Nighttime" Element
461
1
Burglary Mens Rea
461
1
Grading Burglary
461
2
Rationale of Burglary Law
462
1
Arson
463
4
History and Rationale
463
1
Burning: The Arson Actus Reus
464
2
Arson Mens Rea
466
1
Property in Arson
466
1
Summary of Arson
467
1
Summary
467
3
CHAPTER 11 Crimes against Property
470
37
Introduction
473
1
History of Theft
473
1
Larceny
474
5
Larceny Actus Reus
474
4
The "Property" Element
478
1
Larceny Mens Rea
479
1
Summary of Larceny
479
1
Embezzlement
479
1
False Pretenses--Stealing by Deceit
480
3
Consolidated Theft Statutes
483
5
Receiving Stolen Property
488
5
Forgery and Uttering
493
3
Forgery
493
2
Uttering
495
1
Robbery and Extortion
496
8
Robbery
496
5
Extortion
501
3
Summary
504
3
CHAPTER 12 Crimes Against Public Order and Morals
507
30
Introduction
510
2
Street Gangs
512
7
Sleeping in Public
519
9
Panhandling
528
6
Summary
534
3
APPENDIX A Constitution of the United States
537
16
Glossary
553
5
Index
558