search for books and compare prices
Tables of Contents for Research Methods for Generalist Social Work With Infotrac
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Preface
xiii
Science and Social Work
1
14
Introduction
2
1
Common Types of Understanding
3
3
Conceptions of Science
6
2
The Positivist Approach to Science
8
1
The Interpretive Approach to Science
9
2
The Choice of a Scientific Approach in Social Work
11
1
Summary
12
1
Study/Exercise Questions
12
1
InfoTrac College Edition
13
1
References
13
2
Research and Generalist Social Work Practice
15
14
Generalist Practice
16
1
The Purpose of Research in Generalist Social Work Practice
16
3
Scientific Knowledge
17
1
Ethical Issues
17
1
Fiscal Accountability
18
1
Empowering Clients
19
1
Research Roles in Generalist Practice
19
2
The Consumer
19
1
The Producer
20
1
Research and Generalist Practice Processes
21
3
Forming Partnerships
21
1
Articulating Challenges
21
1
Defining Directions
22
1
Identifying Strengths
22
1
Analyzing Resource Capabilities
23
1
Framing Solutions
23
1
Activating Resources, Creating Alliances, and Expanding Opportunities
24
1
Recognizing Success and Integrating Gains
24
1
Values and Ethics in Research and Practice
24
2
Research and Human Diversity
26
1
Summary
27
1
Study/Exercise Questions
27
1
InfoTrac College Edition
27
1
References
27
2
Deciding on the Question
29
20
Sources of Questions
30
2
Research Strategies
32
3
Descriptive Research
32
1
Explanatory Research
33
1
Exploratory Research
34
1
Types of Questions
35
5
Practice Evaluations
36
1
Program Evaluations
37
2
Needs Assessments
39
1
The Agency and Deciding on the Question
40
2
Ethical Issues in Deciding on the Question
42
1
Applicability of the Question to Social Work Practice
42
1
Availability of Funding
43
1
Human Diversity Issues in Deciding on the Question
43
2
Characteristics of the Researchers
43
2
Bias in the Agencies
45
1
Summary
45
1
Study/Exercise Questions
46
1
InfoTrac College Edition
46
1
References
46
3
Developing the Question
49
22
The Literature Review
50
7
Using the Literature Review
51
2
Accessing Information
53
3
Writing the Literature Review
56
1
Units of Analysis
57
1
Levels of Measurement
57
2
Naming the Variables and Values
59
2
The Relationship of Variables
61
1
Defining and Operationalizing the Variables
62
3
Operationalizations
63
2
Defining and Operationalizing Goals and Activities
65
1
The Agency and Developing the Question
65
1
Ethical Issues in Developing the Question
65
1
Giving Credit to Contributors
65
1
Including Relevant Variables
66
1
Avoiding Reductionism
66
1
Human Diversity Issues in Developing the Question
66
2
Summary
68
1
Study/Exercise Questions
68
1
InfoTrac College Edition
69
1
References
69
2
Designing Needs Assessments
71
14
Reasons for Conducting Needs Assessments
72
3
Determining Whether Services Exist in the Community
73
1
Determining Whether There Are Enough Clients
73
1
Determining Who Uses Existing Services
74
1
Determining What Barriers Prevent Clients from Accessing Services
74
1
Documenting the Existence of an Ongoing Social Problem
75
1
Types of Designs for Needs Assessments
75
6
Whose Need Is Being Assessed?
76
1
Who Will Have Input into the Design of the Needs Assessment?
76
2
When Will the Needs Assessment Be Carried Out?
78
1
What Type of Understanding of the Need Is Required?
79
1
What Level of Description Is Useful?
80
1
The Agency and Designing Needs Assessments
81
1
Ethical Issues in Designing Needs Assessments
81
1
Human Diversity Issues in Designing Needs Assessments
82
1
Summary
83
1
Study/Exercise Questions
83
1
InfoTrac College Edition
83
1
References
83
2
Designing Program Evaluations
85
24
Formative Program Evaluations
86
1
Summative Program Evaluations
87
3
Types of Summative Program Evaluation Designs
90
13
Preexperimental Designs
90
1
One-Group Posttest-Only Design
90
2
One-Group Pretest/Posttest Design
92
3
Static-Group Comparison Design
95
2
Quasi-Experimental Designs
97
1
Time Series Design
98
1
Pretest/Posttest Comparison-Group Design
99
1
Experimental Designs
100
1
Pretest/Posttest Control-Group Design
100
1
Posttest-Only Control-Group Design
101
1
The Solomon Four-Group Design
102
1
The Agency and Program Evaluation Design
103
1
Ethical Issues in Program Evaluation Design
104
2
Assignment to the Comparison or Control Group
104
1
Informed Consent
105
1
Human Diversity Issues in Program Evaluation Design
106
1
Summary
107
1
Study/Exercise Questions
107
1
InfoTrac College Edition
108
1
References
108
1
Designing the Evaluation of Practice
109
22
Descriptive Designs for Practice Evaluation
111
3
Monitoring Interventions
111
3
Monitoring Client Progress
114
1
Explanatory Designs for Practice Evaluation
114
10
AB Design
116
1
ABC Design
117
1
ABAB Design
118
2
Multiple Baseline Designs
120
4
The Agency and Practice Evaluation
124
2
Strengths
124
1
Limitations
125
1
Ethical Issues in Practice Evaluation
126
1
Reversal Design
126
1
Interference with Practice
126
1
Human Diversity Issues in Practice Evaluation
127
1
Summary
127
1
Study/Exercise Questions
127
1
InfoTrac College Edition
128
1
References
128
3
Selecting the Participants in the Research
131
24
Key Concepts in Sampling
133
1
Types of Sampling Methods
134
11
Probability Sampling
134
5
Nonprobability or Purposive Sampling
139
5
Studying Complete Populations
144
1
Sample Size
145
2
The Agency and Sampling
147
1
Ethical Issues in Sampling
148
3
Reporting the Sampling Method
148
1
Informed Consent
148
3
Human Diversity Issues in Sampling
151
1
Summary
152
1
Study/Exercise Questions
152
1
InfoTrac College Edition
153
1
References
153
2
Collecting the Data
155
40
Qualitative and Quantitative Data
156
1
Ways of Collecting Data
156
23
Interviews
158
3
Questionnaires
161
4
Observation Techniques
165
3
Logs and Journals
168
2
Scales
170
6
Secondary Data
176
3
Who Collects the Data
179
1
Combining Data Collection Methods
180
1
Determining Reliability and Validity
180
7
Reliability
181
1
Sources of Error
182
1
Testing Reliability
183
2
Validity
185
2
The Agency and Data Collection
187
1
Ethical Issues in Collecting Data
188
1
Harm to the Participants
188
1
Anonymity and Confidentiality
188
1
Justification of the Research
189
1
Human Diversity Issues in Collecting the Data
189
3
Selection of Data Collection Methods for Diverse Populations
189
1
Relevance to Diverse Populations of the Content of the Data Collection Method
190
1
Application of the Data Collection Method to Diverse Populations
191
1
Summary
192
1
Study/Exercise Questions
192
1
InfoTrac College Edition
193
1
References
193
2
Organizing the Data
195
12
Organizing Quantitative Data
196
4
Coding the Data
197
2
Using Statistical Software
199
1
Organizing Qualitative Data
200
3
Note Keeping
200
2
Organizing Files
202
1
Coding Notes
203
1
Identifying Gaps in the Data
203
1
The Agency and Organizing the Data
203
1
Ethical Issues in Organizing the Data
203
1
Human Diversity Issues in Organizing the Data
204
1
Summary
204
1
Study/Exercise Questions
205
1
InfoTrac College Edition
205
1
References
205
2
Analysis of Qualitative Data
207
20
Colin Collett van Rooyen
Approaches to Analyzing Qualitative Data
208
14
Descriptive Accounts
210
2
Constructing Categories
212
5
Logical Analysis
217
1
Proposing Hypotheses
217
3
Validating Data
220
2
The Agency and Qualitative Analysis
222
1
Ethical Issues in Qualitative Analysis
223
1
Human Diversity Issues in Qualitative Analysis
223
1
Summary
224
1
Study/Exercise Questions
224
1
InfoTrac College Edition
225
1
References
225
2
Analysis of Quantitative Data: Descriptive Statistics
227
22
Frequency Distributions
228
4
Measures of Central Tendency
232
2
Mode
232
1
Median
233
1
Mean
233
1
Visual Distribution of Data
234
1
Measures of Variability or Dispersion
234
4
Range
235
1
Standard Deviation
236
2
Measures of Association
238
4
Cross-Tabulation
238
2
Correlation
240
2
Descriptive Statistics and Practice Evaluation
242
3
The Agency and Descriptive Statistics
245
1
Ethical Issues in Descriptive Statistics
246
1
Human Diversity Issues in Descriptive Statistics
246
1
Summary
246
1
Study/Exercise Questions
246
1
InfoTrac College Edition
247
1
References
247
2
Analysis of Quantitative Data: Inferential Statistics
249
18
Sources of Error and the Role of Inferential Statistics
250
1
Types of Hypotheses
251
1
Significance Levels
252
1
Statistical Power
253
1
Steps in the Computation of the Statistical Tests
253
1
Types of Statistical Tests
254
5
T-Tests
255
1
Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)
256
1
Correlational Analysis
256
1
Regression Analysis
257
1
Chi-Square Analysis
258
1
Inferential Statistics and Practice Evaluations
259
3
Celeration Line Approach
260
1
Standard Deviation Approach
260
1
Relative Frequency Approach
261
1
The Agency and Inferential Statistics
262
1
Ethical Issues in Inferential Statistics
263
1
Selection of the Test
263
1
Presentation of Statistical Significance
263
1
Human Diversity Issues in Inferential Statistics
264
1
Summary
264
1
Study/Exercise Questions
264
1
InfoTrac College Edition
264
1
References
265
2
Research Writing
267
24
General Principles of Research Writing
268
3
Knowing Your Audience
268
1
Referencing Sources of Information
269
1
The Structure of the Proposal or Report
270
1
The Process of Writing
270
1
The Research Proposal
271
2
The Research Report
273
9
Results Section
273
5
Discussion Section
278
2
Limitations Section
280
1
Recommendations Section
281
1
Implications for Practice
281
1
Disseminating the Report
282
2
Oral Presentation
282
1
Distributing Written Reports Internally
283
1
Publishing the Report
283
1
The Agency and Research Writing
284
1
Ethical Issues in Research Writing
285
1
Referencing Appropriately
285
1
Confidentiality of Results
285
1
Human Diversity Issues In Research Writing
286
1
Bias Against Certain Groups
286
1
Exclusive Language
286
1
Disseminating the Results
286
1
Summary
287
1
Study/Exercise Questions
288
1
References
288
3
Using Research Findings in Practice and Evaluating Research With Patricia Sandau-Beckler
291
56
Using Research Findings in Practice
292
22
Case Examples
292
22
Limiting Conditions
314
1
Evaluating Research
315
1
The Agency in the Use and Evaluation of Research Findings
315
2
Ethical Issues in the Use and Evaluation of Research Findings
317
1
Human Diversity Issues in the Use and Evaluation of Research Findings
318
1
Summary
318
1
Study/Exercise Questions
318
1
References
319
10
Appendixes
A Library and World Wide Web Resources
329
12
B Statistical Formulas
341
2
C Probability Tables
343
2
D Code of Ethics, approved by the National Association of Social Workers (NASW), January 1, 1997, Section 5.02 Evaluation and Research
345
2
Glossary
347
12
Index
359