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Tables of Contents for Philosophy of Religion
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Preface
xi
4
Introduction: What Is Philosophy of Religion?
xv
Chapter 1 What Is Religion?
1
43
Introduction
1
1
1.1 The Nature of Religion
2
9
Ninian Smart
1.2 Religion as a Cultural System
11
9
Clifford Geertz
1.3 The Search for Family Resemblances of Religion
20
4
Rem B. Edwards
1.4 The Meaning and End of Religion
24
10
Wilfred Cantwell Smith
1.5 What is Religion?
34
10
Keiji Nishitani
Chapter 2 Diverse Views of Ultimate Reality
44
52
Introduction
44
2
2.1 The Tao
46
4
Lao-tzu
2.2 Non-Dualism
50
12
Shankara
2.3 The Nature of God
62
7
Avicenna
2.4 Emptiness and God
69
12
John B. Cobb, Jr.
2.5 The Female Nature of God
81
6
Rosemary Radford Reuther
2.6 Is the Concept of Ultimate Reality Coherent?
87
9
William J. Wainwright
Chapter 3 Can We Prove That Some Kind of Ultimate Reality Exists?
96
54
Introduction
69
1
3.1 The Seven Ways
97
5
Udayana
3.2 The Five Ways
102
3
St. Thomas Aquinas
3.3 The Cosmological Argument
105
9
William Rowe
3.4 A Buddhist Critique
114
8
Gunapala Dharmasiri
3.5 The Teleological Argument
122
8
David Hume
3.6 Whence This Consciousness?
130
7
Sir Autobindo
3.7 The Ontological Argument
137
3
St. Anselm
Gaunilo
3.8 Problems and Possibilities for the Ontological Argument
140
10
Yeager Hudson
Chapter 4 Religious Experience: What Is It and What Does It Prove?
150
60
Introduction
150
2
4.1 The Experiential Dimension
152
10
Ninian Smart
4.2 Black Elk's Vision
162
8
Black Elk
4.3 I and Thou
170
6
Martin Buber
4.4 Satori
176
6
D.T. Suzuki
4.5 Perceiving God
182
10
William P. Alston
Terence Penelhum
4.6 Feminists, Philosophiers, and Mystics
192
18
Grace M. Jantzen
Chapter 5 Why Do Suffering and Evil Occur?
210
59
Introduction
210
1
5.1 Night
211
6
Elie Wiesel
5.2 Does Evil Stem from Society or from Human Nature?
217
7
Human Nature Is Good
219
2
Mencius
Hsun-tzu
Human Nature Is Evil
221
3
5.3 Evil and Omnipotence
224
9
J.L. Mackie
5.4 The Free-Will Explanation
233
5
Kwame Gyekye
5.5 Atheism and Evil
238
8
William Rowe
5.6 Karma and the Problem of Evil
246
9
Bruce Reichenbach
5.7 Theological Explanations
255
14
Robert Nozick
Chapter 6 How Are Religion and Morality Related?
269
57
Introduction
269
1
6.1 Analects
270
6
Confucius
6.2 Master and Slave Morality
276
4
Friedrich Nietzsche
6.3 A Modified Divine Command Theory
280
15
Robert Merrihew Adams
6.4 An Afro-American Revolutionary Christianity
295
9
Cornel West
6.5 Popular Religion and Liberation
304
7
Michael R. Candelaria
6.6 Religion and Women's Human Rights
311
15
Martha C. Nussbaum
Chapter 7 Are We Immortal?
326
47
Introduction
326
2
7.1 Death and Immortality in African Religions
328
9
Kofi Asare Opoku
7.2 Jewish Views of the Afterlife
337
5
Maurice Lamm
7.3 Human Destiny: Immortality and Resurrection
342
9
John Hick
7.4 The Immortality of the Soul
351
7
Jacques Maritain
7.5 The Problem of Rebirth
358
6
Sri Aurobindo
The Reincarnating Soul
360
4
7.6 A Naturalistic Case for Extinction
364
9
Linda Badham
Chapter 8 What Is the Meaning of Religious Language?
373
55
Introduction
373
1
8.1 The Nature of Religious Language
374
9
Paul Tillich
8.2 Does God-Talk Make Sense?
383
7
Antony Flew
R.M. Hare
Basil Mitchell
8.3 The Origins of the Question
390
9
Thomas P. Kasulis
8.4 Symbols All Around
399
5
John Fire
Lame Deer
8.5 Metaphorical Theology
404
24
Sallie McFague
Chapter 9 Do Faith and Reason Conflict?
428
55
Introduction
428
3
9.1 On the Harmony between Faith and Reason
431
10
Averroes
9.2 A Wager
441
3
Blaise Pascal
9.3 The Ethics of Belief
444
4
William K. Clifford
9.4 The Will to Believe
448
8
William James
9.5 Is Belief in God Rational?
456
9
Alvin Plantinga
9.6 Intellect and Intuition
465
5
Radhakrishnan
9.7 Kierkegaard on Rationality
470
13
Marilyn Gaye Piety
Chapter 10 Humanism, Science, and Miracles
483
46
Introduction
483
1
10.1 God Is a Projection
484
8
Ludwig Feuerbach
10.2 Religion Is an Opiate
492
4
Karl Marx
10.3 The Scientific Spirit and Method in Chinese Philosophy
496
8
Hu Shih
10.4 Religion and Science in the Global Age
504
5
Masao Abe
10.5 Of Miracles
509
7
David Hume
10.6 Miracles
516
13
Richard Swinburne
Chapter 11 Are All Religions True?
529
Introduction
529
1
11.1 Four Attitudes
530
5
Raimundo Panikkar
11.2 Conflicting Truth Claims
535
11
John Hick
11.3 Religious Pluralism and Advaita Vedanta
546
8
Arvind Sharma
11.4 The Transcendent Unity of Religions
554
7
Frithjof Schuon
11.5 Whose Objectivity? Which Neutrality?
561
12
Gavin D'Costa
11.6 A Problem for Radical Pluralism
573
Purusottama Bilimoria