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Tables of Contents for Democratic Experiments in Africa
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Figures and Tables
xi
2
Preface
xiii
4
Map
xvii
Introduction
1
1
A Period of Regime Transition
2
4
A Political Watershed?
6
3
Defining Democratic Transitions
9
10
Chapter 1: Approaches to Democratization
19
42
Structural Versus Contingent Explanations
20
7
Structural Approaches
20
4
Contingent Approaches
24
3
International Versus Democratic Explanations
27
6
International Approaches
27
3
Domestic Approaches
30
3
Economic Versus Political Explanations
33
8
Economic Approaches
33
4
Political Approaches
37
4
A Politico-Institutional Approach
41
20
The Institutional Politics of Regime Transition
41
4
The Structure of Political Contingency
45
16
Chapter 2: Neopatrimonial Rule in Africa
61
36
Neopatrimonial Rule
61
7
Presidentialism
63
2
Clientelism
65
1
State Resources
66
2
Institutional Variations in African Regimes
68
9
Political Competition
68
4
Political Participation
72
5
Five Modal Regimes
77
5
The Plebiscitary One-Party System
78
1
The Military Oligarchy
79
1
The Competitive One-Party System
80
1
The Settler Oligarchy
81
1
The Multiparty System
81
1
Transitions from Neopatrimonial Rule
82
15
Chapter 3: Africa's Divergent Transitions, 1990-94
97
31
Phases of Regime Transition
98
98
A Crisis of Political Legitimacy
98
3
The Birth of Economic Protests
101
2
Initial Government Responses
103
1
The Politicization of Demands
104
3
The Onset of Political Reforms
107
3
One Step Forward, Two Steps Back
110
1
Constitutional Reform
111
3
Founding Elections
114
2
Divergent Transition Paths
116
12
Chapter 4: Explaining Political Protest
128
31
Testing Economic Explanations
129
5
Economic Structure
129
2
Economic Change
131
1
Economic Reform
132
2
Testing International Explanations
134
5
Donor Pressure
135
1
Political Diffusion
136
3
The Effects of Political Institutions
139
10
Political Participation
140
3
Political Competition
143
6
Toward a Multivariate Model
149
10
Chapter 5: Explaining Political Liberalization
159
35
Struggles Over Liberalization
161
8
Rules
161
2
Strategies
163
4
Resources
167
2
The Structure of Transition Process
169
10
Managed Transitions
170
2
National Conferences
172
3
Rapid Elections
175
2
Pacted Transitions
177
2
Testing Competing Explanations
179
15
Economic Factors
179
2
International Factors
181
2
Institutional Factors
183
1
Contingent Factors
184
2
Toward Multivariate Models
186
8
Chapter 6: Explaining Democratic Transitions
194
39
Interpreting Founding Elections
196
14
Opposition Cohesion
198
3
Free and Fair?
201
2
Election Outcomes
203
3
Participation and Competition
206
4
Interpreting Military Intervention
210
7
The Level of Democracy
217
17
Economic Factors
218
1
International Factors
219
1
Domestic Politics
220
1
Multivariate Models
221
12
Chapter 7: The Prospects for Democracy
233
35
Reversal, Survival, or Consolidation?
234
3
The Context of Democratic Consolidation
237
5
Socioeconomic Structures
237
2
Economic Conditions
239
2
The International Context
241
1
Institutional Legacies
242
13
The Military
243
3
State Institutions
246
5
Political Society
251
2
Civil Society
253
2
Transition Legacies
255
13
The Length of the Transition
255
2
Unpacted Transitions
257
1
Big Men
258
10
Conclusions: Comparative Implications
268
12
African Transitions in Comparative Perspective
269
3
Revising Theories of Regime Transition
272
8
Appendix: The Data Set
280
9
Selected Bibliography
289
10
Index
299