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Tables of Contents for Plumer''s Principles & Practice of Intravenous Therapy
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Part I Practice of Intravenous Therapy
1
46
History of Intravenous Therapy
3
4
Early History
3
1
Twentieth-Century Advances
4
1
The Nursing Role
5
2
Risk Reduction and Quality Improvement
7
11
Legal Implications
7
2
Guidelines
9
3
Placement of the Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter
12
1
Risk Management
12
1
Quality Assurance
13
2
Quality Improvement
15
3
Organization of an Intravenous Department
18
13
Intravenous Nursing Teams
18
1
Leadership
19
1
Philosophy and Objectives
19
1
Functions of the Department
19
5
Didactic Program
24
5
Impact of Cost Containment on Infusion Teams
29
2
Nursing Role and Responsibilities
31
11
Standards of Practice
32
1
Nursing Care Plan
32
1
Assessment
32
1
Initiation
32
1
Site Selection
32
1
Cannula Selection
33
1
Hair Removal
33
1
Site Preparation
33
1
Cannula Placement
34
1
Intravenous Administration Set Change
34
2
Intravenous Containers
36
1
Dressing Changes
36
1
Ambulating the Patient
36
1
Frequent Observation
36
3
Monitoring
39
1
Documentation
39
1
Discontinuation of Therapy and Cannula Removal
40
2
Cost Factors Associated With Infusion Therapy
42
5
Managed Care
43
1
Impact of Managed Care on Infusion Therapy
43
4
Part II Principles of Venipuncture
47
88
Anatomy and Physiology Applied to Intravascular Therapy
49
9
Anatomy and Physiology
49
1
The Vascular System
50
5
The Skin
55
1
Superficial Fascia
56
2
Techniques of Intravenous Therapy
58
26
Approach to the Patient
58
1
Selecting the Vein
59
3
Selecting the Cannula
62
2
Securing An Appropriate Environment
64
1
Venous Distention
65
1
Preparation
65
1
Procedure
66
3
Anchoring the Device
69
1
Application of Dressings
70
2
Other Techniques
72
3
Hypodermoclysis
75
1
Phlebotomy
76
8
Complications
84
27
Local Complications
84
4
Systemic Complications
88
5
Intravenous-Associated Infections
93
1
Sources of Bacteria
93
2
Factors Influencing the Survival of Bacteria
95
3
Factors Contributing to Infection
98
4
Care of the Venous Access Device
102
1
Intravenous-Associated Infections
103
1
Particulate Matter
104
3
Culturing
107
1
Practice Setting
108
3
Laboratory Tests
111
24
Venous Sampling
112
2
The Vacuum System
114
1
Peripheral Venipunctures
114
2
Central Venipunctures
116
1
Initiating an Infusion
116
1
Common Laboratory Tests
117
5
Measurements of Electrolyte Concentration
122
2
Venous Blood Measurements of Acid-Base Balance
124
1
Enzymes
125
2
Transaminase
127
1
Liver Function Tests
127
2
Kidney Function Tests
129
1
Blood Sugar Tests
130
1
Blood Typing
131
4
Part III Principles of Equipment Selection and Clinical Applications
135
150
Intravenous Equipment
137
41
Solution Containers
137
1
Delivery Systems
138
1
Administration Sets
139
4
Rate of Flow
143
6
Intravenous Accessories
149
1
Final Intravenous Filters
149
4
Latex Injection Ports
153
1
Needleless Systems
153
1
Peripheral Vascular Access Devices
154
5
Catheter Materials
159
1
Electronic Infusion Devices
160
2
Ambulatory Infusion Devices
162
1
Therapy-Specific Devices
163
12
ECRI and General Purpose Infusion Pumps
175
1
Product Selection and Evaluation
176
2
Central Venous Catheterization
178
27
Vascular Anatomy
178
3
Central Venous Pressure
181
2
Central Venous Pressure Monitoring
183
3
Approach to the Patient
186
1
Central Venous Cannulation
187
1
Insertion Sites
188
1
Central Insertion
188
1
Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters
189
5
Peripheral Port
194
1
Complications of Central Venous Catheterization
195
10
Advanced Vascular Access
205
55
Devices
205
1
Catheter Materials
206
1
Bonded Catheters
207
1
Catheter Designs
208
7
Specialty Devices
215
12
Tunneled Catheters
227
1
Implanted Ports
228
9
Implanted Pumps
237
4
Intraosseous Access
241
4
Ventricular Reservoirs
245
1
Troubleshooting/Applicable Standards
246
1
Catheter Declotting
246
1
Catheter Repair
247
2
Catheter Site Care
249
2
Catheter Maintenance
251
1
Standards of Practice
252
1
Recommendations for Nursing Practice
252
8
Intra-arterial Therapy
260
25
Purpose
260
1
One-Time Arterial Blood Gas Sampling
261
5
Indwelling Arterial Catheter
266
3
Constant Arterial Pressure Monitoring
269
3
Swan-Ganz Catheters
272
2
Parameters
274
4
Primary Acid--Base Imbalances
278
3
Mixed Acid--Base Imbalances
281
4
Part IV Application of Intravenous Therapy for Homeostasis
285
246
Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
287
30
Overview of Physiology
287
1
Fluid Content of the Body
288
2
Composition of Body Fluid
290
4
Homeostatic Mechanisms
294
2
Electrolytes of Biologic Fluids
296
4
Objectives of Fluid and Electrolyte Therapy
300
3
Electrolyte and Fluid Disturbances---Patient-Specific Approaches
303
14
Principles of Parenteral Fluid Administration
317
28
Parenteral Fluids
317
3
Dextrose in Water
320
3
Isotonic Sodium Chloride Infusions
323
1
Isotonic Saline With Dextrose
324
1
Hypertonic Sodium Chloride Infusions
325
1
Hypotonic Sodium Chloride in Water
326
1
Hydrating Fluids
326
1
Hypotonic Multiple-Electrolyte Fluids
327
1
Isotonic Multiple-Electrolyte Fluids
328
1
Alkalizing Fluids
329
1
Acidifying Infusions
330
1
Evaluation of Water and Electrolyte Balance
331
5
Clinical Disturbances of Water and Electrolyte Metabolism
336
9
Parenteral Nutrition
345
44
History
345
1
Indications
346
1
Nutritional Assessment
346
8
Nutritional Requirements
354
4
Total Parenteral Nutrition Solutions
358
4
Vascular Access
362
4
Parenteral Nutrition Administration
366
4
Nursing Management
370
3
Complications
373
9
Home Parenteral Nutrition
382
2
Summary
384
5
Transfusion Therapy
389
31
Basic Immunohematology
390
1
Mechanism of Immune Response
391
1
Mechanism of Red Blood Cell Destruction
392
1
Blood Group Systems
392
1
Pretransfusion Testing
393
1
Anticoagulants--Preservatives
394
1
Whole Blood
394
2
Red Blood Cell Components
396
3
Plasma
399
5
Blood Administration
404
3
Transfusion Reactions
407
8
Autologous Transfusions
415
2
Directed Donations
417
3
Drug Administration
420
19
Advantages of the IV Route
420
1
Hazards
421
1
Pharmacokinetics
421
2
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
423
1
Incompatibilities
424
2
PH and Its Role in Drug Stability
426
1
Vascular Irritation
426
1
Approved Drug Lists
427
1
The Physician's Responsibility
428
1
Admixture
428
3
Drug Delivery Systems
431
2
Important Checkpoints in IV Drug Administration
433
1
Drug Calculations
434
2
Expiration Dates
436
1
Administration of Investigational Drugs
436
3
Pain Management
439
24
Acute Pain
439
2
Chronic Pain
441
1
Opioids
441
1
Intravenous Patient--Controlled Analgesia
442
2
Subcutaneous Narcotic Infusions
444
1
Intraspinal Analgesia
445
8
Staff Education
453
7
Documentation
460
3
Antineoplastic Therapy
463
68
Education
464
9
Chemotherapeutic Agents
473
38
Controversial Issues
511
4
Complications
515
16
Part V Special Applications of Intravenous Therapy
531
77
Pediatric Intravenous Therapy
533
47
Preliminary Considerations
535
1
Emotional Considerations
536
1
Preparation for Venipuncture
537
2
Peripheral and Central Intravenous Access
539
2
Intravenous Insertion Techniques
541
18
Pediatric Intravenous Therapies
559
16
Alternative Site Pediatric IV Therapy
575
1
Summary of Pediatric Care
576
4
Intravenous Therapy in an Older Adult Patient
580
7
An Aging Population
580
2
Patient Assessment
582
1
Considerations in Providing Intravenous Therapy
583
4
Alternate Site Therapy
587
21
Growth of Home Care
587
1
Home Infusion Programs
587
1
Nursing Support
588
1
The Pharmacist
588
1
Policies and Procedures
589
1
Staff Development
590
2
Home Infusion Therapies
592
3
Candidates for Home Infusion
595
5
Plan of Treatment
600
1
Selecting a Home Infusion Provider
600
1
Equipment Needs
601
3
Compliance
604
1
Patient's Role in Home Care
604
1
Infectious Waste Management
604
1
Reimbursement
604
1
Infusion Therapy Centers
605
3
Appendix A Licensed Practical/Vocational Nurse-Delivered Therapies
608
3
Appendix B Standards of Practice: Nutrition Support Nurse
611
5
Appendix C Standards of Practice: Standards for Home Nutrition Support
616
9
Appendix D ASHP Therapeutic Position Statement on the Institutional Use of 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection to Maintain Patency of Peripheral Indwelling Intermittent Infusion Devices
625
4
Glossary
629
5
Answers to Questions
634
3
Index
637