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Tables of Contents for Student Cultural Diversity
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
List of Tables
x
List of Figures
xii
Preface
xiii
PART ONE STUDENT DIVERSITY IN CONTEXT
1
121
Cultural Diversity in America's Schools
2
58
An Introduction
4
1
A Portrait of Change and Challenge
5
3
The Extent of Cultural Diversity Among U.S. Students Today
8
15
Expecting a Different World
8
1
Immigration: The Historical Basis of Diversity
9
5
Education for Immigrants in an Information Age
14
1
Factors Affecting Immigrant Student Success
15
1
The Strategy of Assimilation
16
1
An Alternative to Assimilation: Giving Immigrants What Americans Take for Granted
17
1
Measuring Racial and Ethnic Diversity
18
1
Projected Trends for U.S. Schools
19
2
Indicators of Child and Family Well-Being
21
2
Student Diversity and Educational Vulnerability
23
8
Dropout Rate
23
2
Academic Achievement
25
2
Educational Funding Policies
27
3
A Wasted Resource
30
1
The Implications for Educators
31
3
Effective Teaching
32
1
Problems in Training and Assessment
33
1
Becoming a Responsive Teacher / Educational Backgrounds of Today's Immigrant Students
34
4
The Connoisseur Model
37
1
The Language Minority Student
38
4
Who Are These Students?
39
2
What Types of Educational Programs Serve These Students?
41
1
Federal and State Educational Policies
42
8
Federal Legislative Initiatives
42
2
The New National Educational Policy of 1994
44
1
Knowledge Base
44
1
Wisdom of Practice
45
1
Cohesiveness
46
1
Demographic and Budgetary Realities
47
1
Changing Title VII to Ensure Effective Schooling for Language Minority Students
47
2
Federal Legal Initiatives
49
1
Becoming a Responsive Teacher/California: The ``Minority Majority'' State
50
4
State Initiatives
53
1
Conclusion
54
1
Summary of Major Ideas
55
2
Extending Your Experience
57
1
Resources for Further Study
58
2
Views of Culture and Education
60
32
New Contexts for Education
62
5
The Role of Schools
63
1
Cultural Change and Disruption
64
3
What Is Culture?
67
7
The Group-Oriented Concept of Culture
68
1
Educational Considerations
69
1
The Individual-Oriented Concept of Culture
70
2
Educational Considerations
72
2
Becoming a Responsive Teacher / Influential Teachers, Influential Students
74
2
Culture as Central to Development and Education
76
2
Race, Class, Gender, and Diversity
77
1
The Role of Cultural Capital
78
2
The Culture of the School
80
2
Student Response to School Culture
80
2
The School's Response to Children
82
1
Teaching in a Cultural Context
82
4
Personal Commitment
83
1
Knowledge of What Makes a Difference
84
1
Educational Leadership
85
1
Knowledge Dissemination
85
1
Professional Development
85
1
Disposition for Leadership
86
1
Affective Engagement
86
1
Conclusion
86
1
Summary of Major Ideas
87
2
Extending Your Experience
89
1
Resources for Further Study
90
2
Educational Approaches to Student Cultural Diversity
92
30
A Historical Survey
94
10
Americanization
95
3
Educational Equity
98
3
Multicultural Education
101
1
Disparate Goals of Multicultural Education
102
2
Becoming a Responsive Teacher / Assimilation Doesn't Equal Success
104
3
An Appraisal of Progress
107
1
Beyond Multicultural Education
107
3
New Theoretical Perspectives
110
6
A Continuum of Theories
110
2
The Constructivist Perspective
112
2
A New Pedagogy
114
2
Responsive Learning Communities
116
1
Conclusion
116
1
Summary of Major Ideas
117
2
Extending Your Experience
119
1
Resources for Further Study
120
2
PART TWO THE ROOTS OF DIVERSITY
122
131
An Ecology of Family, Home, and School
124
46
The Meeting of Cultures
126
3
The Role of the Family in the Socialization of Children
129
1
Becoming a Responsive Teacher / How Home Life Shapes Classroom Behavior
130
6
The Concept of Ecology
134
1
Ecology of the Family
134
1
Social Ecology
135
1
Ethnic Image and Its Effects
136
4
Ethnic Images in Society
136
2
Effects of Ethnic Images on Children
138
2
A Cultural Systems Account of Underachievement
140
9
Educational Implications
149
11
Educational Implications of Family Diversity
150
3
Building Bridges Between Diverse Cultures
153
6
Tracking and Ability Grouping
159
1
Becoming a Responsive Teacher / A Community of Learners
160
3
Conclusion
163
1
Summary of Major Ideas
164
2
Extending Your Experience
166
1
Resources for Further Study
167
3
Language and Communication
170
42
The Nature of Communication
172
2
The Development of Language
174
8
Phonology
174
1
Vocabulary
175
2
Grammar
177
1
Pragmatics and Discourse Rules
177
1
Pragmatics for Conversation
178
1
Pragmatics for Literacy
179
1
Pragmatics for Different Discourse Situations
179
3
Bilingualism and Second-Language Acquisition
182
10
Patterns of Language Development and Cognitive Aspects
183
4
Effects on Language Pragmatics
187
5
Becoming a Responsive Teacher / Real-Life Practices That Enhance Literacy Development
192
6
Use of Dialects
196
2
Becoming a Responsive Teacher / Learning by Talking
198
5
Black English
200
3
Conclusion
203
3
Summary of Major Ideas
206
2
Extending Your Experience
208
1
Resources for Further Study
209
3
Language, Culture, and Cognition
212
41
The Role of Culture in Cognition
215
5
Constructivism and Cognition
216
1
Language and Culture as Tools of Thought
217
2
A Foundation for Language Proficiency
219
1
An Assessment of Intelligence Testing
220
4
Becoming a Responsive Teacher / How Two Students Developed Through Collaborative Learning
224
3
Multilingualism and Cognitive Development
227
2
Two Aspects of Effective Teaching in Culturally Diverse Classrooms
229
9
Instructional Discourse
230
2
Elements of Good Classroom Discourse
232
2
Instructional Discourse for Diverse Students
234
4
Becoming a Responsive Teacher / A Tapestry of Interaction
238
6
Student Writing Development
241
3
Conclusion
244
2
Summary of Major Ideas
246
1
Extending Your Experience
247
1
Resources for Further Study
248
5
PART THREE THE EDUCATIONAL RESPONSE
253
124
The Effective Teacher: Preparation, Assessment, and Characteristics
254
34
The Current System of Professional Preparation and Assessment
257
1
Professional Credentialing of Teachers
258
6
Recommended Competencies for Teachers of Linguistically Diverse Students
260
1
Role of Bilingual Teachers
261
2
Role of ESL Teachers
263
1
Changes in Teacher Preparation Programs
264
8
Shift to Site-Based Training
264
4
Characteristics of Effective Teachers of Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Students
268
1
Knowledge
269
1
Skills
270
2
Becoming a Responsive Teacher / A Successful Practitioner in Math
272
5
Disposition
273
2
Affect
275
2
Effective Teaching and Learning
277
2
The Key Questions
277
2
The Principal's Role in Effective Schooling
279
3
Integrity
280
1
Affect
281
1
Conclusion
282
1
Summary of Major Ideas
283
2
Extending Your Experience
285
1
Resources for Further Study
286
2
Effective Instruction of Linguistically and Culturally Diverse Children
288
40
A Theoretical Framework: Two Divergent Views
291
1
Characteristics of Effective Schools
292
12
The National School Reform Perspective
298
4
Effective Instructional Practices
302
1
The SBIF Study
303
1
Becoming a Responsive Teacher/An Effective Teacher's Reflections, in Her Own Voice
304
18
The Garcia and Related Studies
309
1
High Levels of Communication
310
1
Integrated and Thematic Curriculum
310
1
Interactive Cross-Age Tutoring
311
2
Collaborative Learning
313
1
Language and Literacy
313
4
Growing Practice Support for a Responsive Pedagogy
317
1
Watsonville, California
317
1
Chicago
318
1
Los Angeles
319
1
Milwaukee
319
1
Arlington, Virginia
320
1
San Clemente, California
320
1
Dearborn, Michigan
321
1
Artesia, California
321
1
Becoming a Responsive Teacher / A Letter Home
322
1
Conclusion
323
1
Summary of Major Ideas
324
2
Extending Your Experience
326
1
Resources for Further Study
326
2
Educational Approaches at the Middle and Secondary School Level
328
49
Then and Now: A Personal Rendition of What Works
330
7
The Genesis of Project Theme
337
1
Project Theme: Principles and Strategies
338
5
Specific Activities of Project Theme
341
1
Professional Development for Teachers
341
1
Assessment Practices
341
1
Enhancement of Students' Academic Learning
342
1
Improvement of Students' Self-Esteem
342
1
The Results of Project Theme
343
11
Academic Achievement in Language, Reading, and Writing
343
1
Ethnographic Data on Students' Self-Concepts
344
1
Ethnic Identity
344
1
Positive Self-Esteem
345
1
Future Aspirations
346
2
Academic Strategies and Perceptions About Schooling
348
1
Social Identity of Students and Parents
349
1
Math Achievement, Attitudes, and Self-Concepts
350
1
Long-Term Effects of the Project
351
2
The Conclusion of Research on Project Theme
353
1
Rethinking, Rebuilding, and Engaging Change at the High School Level
354
3
Project AVANCE
357
7
Reorganizing the Structure of the School
358
2
Outcomes of the AVANCE Intervention
360
1
Course Standards and Evaluation
360
1
Student-Generated Themes
361
1
Staff Networking
362
1
Effective Strategies and Practices
363
1
Specially Designed Academic Instruction in English (SDAIE)
363
1
Becoming a Responsive Teacher/Using Instructional Conversations for Content Area Learning
364
6
Learning from Project AVANCE
368
2
Conclusion
370
1
Summary of Major Ideas
371
1
Extending Your Experience
372
1
Resources for Further Study
373
4
Glossary
377
4
References
381
24
Index
405