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Tables of Contents for Political Ideologies and the Democratic Ideal
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Preface to the Fifth Edition
ix
To the Reader
xi
About the Authors
xii
PART ONE Ideology and Democracy
Chapter 1 Ideology and Ideologies
1
18
A Working Definition of "Ideology"
4
4
Human Nature and Freedom
8
4
Human Nature
9
1
Freedom
9
3
Ideology and Revolution
12
1
Nationalism and Anarchism
13
3
Nationalism
14
1
Anarchism
15
1
Conclusion
16
1
Notes
16
1
For Further Reading
16
3
Chapter 2 The Democratic Ideal
19
24
The Origins of Democracy
20
4
Democracy and Republic
24
6
The Republic and Mixed Government
24
1
Christianity and Democracy
25
2
Renaissance and Republicanism
27
3
The Atlantic Republican Tradition
30
1
The Return of Democracy
30
6
Seventeenth-Century Democrats
31
1
The United States as Democratic Republic
32
2
De Tocqueville on Democracy
34
2
The Growth of Democracy
36
1
Democracy as an Ideal
37
1
Three Conceptions of Democracy
38
2
Conclusion
40
1
Notes
40
1
For Further Reading
41
2
PART TWO The Development of Political Ideologies
Chapter 3 Liberalism
43
44
Liberalism, Human Nature, and Freedom
44
1
Historical Background
45
5
Medieval Origins
45
3
The Protestant Reformation
48
2
Liberalism and Revolution
50
10
England
50
4
The American Revolution
54
3
The French Revolution
57
3
Liberalism and Capitalism
60
3
Liberalism in the Nineteenth Century
63
5
Utilitarianism
64
4
Liberalism Divided
68
4
Neoclassical Liberalism
68
2
Welfare Liberalism
70
2
Liberalism in the Twentieth Century
72
4
Historical Developments
72
1
Philosophical Considerations
73
3
Libertarian Anarchism
76
1
Liberalism Today
76
3
Conclusion
79
3
Liberalism as an Ideology
79
2
Liberalism and the Democratic Ideal
81
1
Notes
82
2
For Further Reading
84
3
Chapter 4 Conservatism
87
28
The Politics of Imperfection
88
1
The Conservatism of Edmund Burke
89
7
Human Nature and Society
90
1
Freedom
91
1
Revolution and Reform
92
1
Burke on Government
93
2
Burke's Legacy
95
1
Conservatism in the Nineteenth Century
96
5
Conservatism and Reaction
96
2
Cultural Conservatism
98
1
Tory Democracy
98
1
Conservatism in the United States
99
2
Conservatism in the Twentieth Century
101
4
Conservatism Versus Mass Society
101
2
Levelling
103
1
Conservatives and Communism
104
1
Conservatism Today: A House Divided
105
5
Traditional Conservatism
106
1
Individualist Conservatism
106
1
Neoconservatism
107
2
The Religious Right
109
1
Conclusion
110
2
Conservatism as an Ideology
111
1
Conservatism and Democracy
112
1
Notes
112
1
For Further Reading
113
2
Chapter 5 Socialism and Communism: More to Marx
115
24
Human Nature and Freedom
116
1
Socialism: The Precursors
117
5
Saint-Simon
119
1
Fourier
120
1
Owen
121
1
The Socialism of Karl Marx
122
14
The Young Marx
122
1
The Influence of Hegel
123
2
Marx's Theory of History
125
4
Marx's Critique of Capitalism
129
3
The Dialectic of Change
132
1
The Revolutionary Sequence
133
3
Notes
136
2
Further Reading
138
1
Chapter 6 Socialism and Communism After Marx
139
34
Marxism After Marx
140
19
Engels's Marxism
140
4
The Revisionists
144
3
Soviet Marxism-Leninism
147
8
Chinese Communism
155
4
Non-Marxist Socialism
159
5
Anarcho-Communism
160
2
Fabian Socialism
162
1
American Socialism
162
2
Socialism Today
164
4
Conclusion
168
2
Socialism as an Ideology
168
1
Socialism and the Democratic Ideal
169
1
Notes
170
1
For Further Reading
171
2
Chapter 7 Fascism
173
28
Fascism: The Background
174
6
The Counter-Enlightenment
175
1
Nationalism
176
2
Elitism
178
1
Irrationalism
179
1
Fascism in Italy
180
5
Mussolini and Italian Fascism
180
3
Fascism in Theory and Practice
183
2
Fascism in Germany: Nazism
185
7
Hitler and Nazism
185
2
Nazism in Theory and Practice
187
5
Fascism Elsewhere
192
1
Fascism Today
193
4
Conclusion
197
1
Fascism as an Ideology
197
1
Fascism and the Democratic Ideal
198
1
Notes
198
1
For Further Reading
199
2
PART THREE Political Ideologies Today and Tomorrow
Chapter 8 Liberation Ideologies and the Politics of Identity
201
32
Liberation Ideologies: Common Characteristics
201
2
Black Liberation
203
5
Women's Liberation (Feminism)
208
4
Gay Liberation
212
2
Native People's Liberation
214
4
Liberation Theology
218
2
Animal Liberation
220
5
Conclusion
225
3
Liberty, Identity, and Ideology
225
1
Liberation, Identity, and the Democratic Ideal
226
2
Notes
228
2
For Further Reading
230
3
Chapter 9 "Green" Politics: Ecology as Ideology
233
18
The Green Critique of Other Ideologies
234
2
Toward an Ecological Ethic
236
5
Unresolved Differences
241
4
Conclusion
245
2
Ecology as Ideology
245
1
Ecology, Freedom, and the Democratic Ideal
246
1
Notes
247
1
For Further Reading
248
3
Chapter 10 Postscript: The Future of Ideology
251
18
Political Ideologies: Continuing Forces
252
7
Nationalism and Ideology
253
1
Religion and Ideology
254
5
Ideology, the Environment, and Globalization
259
3
Political Ideologies and the Democratic Ideal
262
3
The End of Ideology?
265
2
Notes
267
1
For Further Reading
268
1
Glossary
269
8
Photo Acknowledgments
277
1
Name Index
278
4
Subject Index
282