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Tables of Contents for Archaeology
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Preface
xi
 
Author's Note
xiv
 
The Birth of a Science
1
20
Early Speculations and Excavations
2
3
The Three Ages and the Antiquity of Humankind
5
2
Early Civilizations: Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia
7
3
Troy and Mycenae
10
1
Early American Archaeology
11
3
Explaining the Past
14
2
The Development of Modern Scientific Archaeology
16
4
Summary
20
1
The World of Scientific Archaeology
21
16
Who Needs the Past?
25
2
Archaeology and Anthropology
27
1
The Diversity of Archaeologists
28
3
World Prehistory
31
5
Summary
36
1
Culture
37
18
Human Culture
39
1
Cultural Systems
40
5
Cultural Process
45
1
The Goals of Archaeology
46
2
Theory in Archaeology
48
1
Archaeological Evidence
49
3
Context
52
1
Summary
53
2
The Present and the Past
55
21
The Archaeological Record
57
3
Preservation
60
3
Favorable Preservation Conditions
63
5
Middle-Range Theory and the Archaeological Record
68
1
The Living Past
68
7
Summary
75
1
Time and Space
76
22
Linear and Cyclical Time
78
1
Relative Chronology
78
4
Absolute (Chronometric) Chronology
82
10
Space
92
3
Assemblages and Subassemblages
95
2
Summary
97
1
Ancient Climate and Environment
98
19
Long-and Short-Term Climate Change
99
1
Geoarchaeology
100
1
Long-Term Climatic Change: The Great Ice Age
100
6
Pollen Analysis
106
3
Short-Term Climate Change: The Holocene
109
7
Summary
116
1
Finding and Assessing Archaeological Sites
117
20
The Process of Archaeological Research
118
3
Finding Archaeological Sites
121
3
Archaeological Survey
124
2
Sampling and Archaeological Survey
126
1
Remote Sensing
127
3
Geographic Information Systems
130
2
Assessing Archaeological Sites
132
2
Summary
134
3
Excavation
137
23
Planned Excavation: Research Design
138
2
Types of Excavation
140
6
Digging, Tools, and People
146
1
Recording
147
1
Stratigraphic Observation
147
3
Excavation Problems
150
7
Reburial and Repatriation
157
1
Summary
158
2
Analyzing the Past: Technology
160
24
Back from the Field
161
1
Classification, Taxonomy, and Systematics
161
1
The Objectives of Classification
162
1
Typology
163
1
Archaeological Classification
163
2
Archaeological Types
165
6
What Do Assemblages and Artifact Patternings Mean?
171
3
Units of Ordering
174
3
Ancient Technologies
177
5
Summary
182
2
Subsistence
184
17
Evidence for Subsistence
185
1
Ancient Diet
186
1
Animal Bones
187
7
Plant Remains
194
4
Rock Art
198
1
Summary
199
2
Settlement and Trade
201
20
Settlement Patterns
202
10
Population
212
2
Trade and Exchange
214
6
Summary
220
1
The Archaeology of Society
221
20
Individuals
222
2
Groups
224
6
Gender
230
3
Wider Society: Prestate and State Societies
233
2
Religious Beliefs
235
5
Summary
240
1
Explaining the Past
241
16
Interpretation of Culture History
242
4
Processual Archaeology
246
2
Postprocessual Archaeology
248
1
Cognitive-Processual Archaeology
249
4
The Future
253
3
Summary
256
1
Archaeology Tomorrow
257
8
The Future of the Past
258
2
Archaeology and You
260
3
Summary
263
2
Sites and Cultures Mentioned in the Text
265
6
Guide to Further Reading
271
9
Glossary
280
10
References
290
1
Illustration Credits
291
3
Index
294