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Tables of Contents for A Students Guide to History
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Preface
vii
A Note to Students
xvii
1 The Subject of History and How to Use It
1
18
What History Can Tell You
1
2
What Historians Are Trying to Do
3
1
History and the Everyday World
4
1
How Historians Work
4
13
Philosophies of History
5
2
Historiography
7
1
Changing Directions of Historical Research
8
2
Methods of Historical Research
10
1
Primary and Secondary Sources of Evidence
11
2
Exercise: Understanding the Types of Primary Source Evidence
13
2
Interpreting and Organizing Evidence
15
2
The Computer and Historical Research
17
1
How You Can Use History
17
2
2 How to Read a History Assignment, Take Notes in Class, and Prepare for and Take Exams
19
39
How to Read a History Assignment
19
7
Reading a Textbook
20
1
Reading a Monograph
20
2
Reading an Anthology
22
1
Reading a Historical Novel
22
1
Examples of Reading Assignments
22
4
How to "Read" Nonwritten Materials
26
11
Interpreting Maps
26
2
Analyzing Statistical Data
28
7
Interpreting Illustrations, Photographs, and Other Visual Material 31
Interpreting Artifacts
35
2
How to Take Notes in Class
37
6
From Class Lectures
37
1
Guidelines for Taking Lecture Notes
38
1
Examples of Note Taking
38
4
From Slides and Films
42
1
Classroom Participation
43
3
Classroom Discussions
43
1
Guidelines for Speaking in Class
43
1
Giving an Oral Presentation
43
1
Guidelines for Giving an Oral Presentation
44
1
Group Work
44
1
Guidelines for Peer Reviewing
45
1
Communicating Online
46
3
E-mail, Listservs, and Chat Rooms
46
2
Exercise: Communicating Online
48
1
E-conferences and E-seminars
48
1
Web Communication and Advanced Research
48
1
How to Study for and Take Exams
49
9
Objective and Short Answer Exams
50
1
Preparing for In-Class Essay Exams - Composing Sample Questions
51
1
Writing a Good In-Class Essay Exam
52
1
Guidelines for Writing In-Class Essay Exams
52
1
Writing Take-Home Essay Exams
53
5
3 How to Write History Assignments: The Importance of Writing Skills
58
20
Why Clear Writing Is Important
59
1
The Components of Clear Writing
59
4
Write Clear Sentences
59
1
Do Not Clutter Sentences with Unnecessary Phrases
59
1
Avoid Using the Passive Voice
60
1
Use the Past Tense
60
1
Link Your Sentences
61
1
Write Clear and Coherent Paragraphs
61
1
Link Your Paragraphs
62
1
Guidelines for Clear Writing
63
1
Building an Essay
63
5
The Need for a Clear Beginning
64
1
Creating a Writing Outline
65
1
The Importance of Continuity
65
1
Writing a Conclusion
66
1
Revising Your Paper
66
1
Proofreading Your Paper
67
1
Preparing Specific Writing Assignments
68
9
Writing Book Reviews
68
1
Sample Book Review
69
4
Guidelines for Writing a Book Review
73
1
Writing Comparative Book Reviews
73
1
Comparing Essays or Articles
74
1
Comparing Primary Documents
74
1
Writing Short Essays
75
1
Guidelines for Writing Short Essays
76
1
A Note on Plagiarism; A Serious Offense
77
1
4 How to Research a History Topic
78
43
What Is a Research Paper?
78
1
What Should I Write About? Choosing a Topic and Crafting a Thesis
79
4
Moving from a Topic to a Theme
79
1
Narrowing Your Theme
80
1
Moving from a Theme to a Thesis
81
1
Creating a Research Outline
82
1
Conducting Research
83
10
Exploring Your Library's Resources
83
1
Creating a Research Bibliography
84
1
Using the Library Catalog
84
3
Exercise: Finding a Book in Your Library
87
3
Research in Primary Sources
90
1
Reference Sources
90
2
Locating Library Materials and Using Call Numbers
92
1
Locating Other Historical Materials
92
1
Conducting Research on the World Wide Web
93
10
Using Subject Indexes and Directories
94
1
Using Search Engines
95
2
Exercise: Finding an Article in a Periodical Database
97
2
Example of a Web Search Using Keywords
99
4
Exercise: Conducting Internet Searches
103
1
Mining Information from Your Sources
103
10
Evaluating Print Sources
104
1
Guidelines for Evaluating Print Sources
105
1
Evaluating Web-Based Sources
106
1
Guidelines for Evaluating Web Sites
107
1
Exercise: Evaluating a Web Site
108
1
How to Read Your Sources
108
1
How to Take Notes from Your Sources
109
3
Photocopying and Downloading Sources from the Web
112
1
Avoiding Plagiarism
113
3
The Computer and Plagiarism
113
1
The Art of Paraphrasing
114
1
Guidelines for Avoiding Plagiarism
115
1
Plagiarism and Group Work
115
1
Organizing Your Research
116
5
Preparing a Writing Outline
116
3
Organizing Your Notes
119
1
Budgeting Your Research Time
120
1
5 How to Write a Research Paper
121
58
Preparing to Write
121
2
Why Your Paper Needs a Thesis
121
1
Your Writing Outline
122
1
Writing the Text
123
4
The Rough Draft
123
1
Clear Writing: A Matter of Continuity
124
1
Quotations: When and How to Use Them
125
1
Incorporating Visual Materials into Your Paper
126
1
Documenting Your Paper: Citing Your Sources
127
25
When and How to Use Footnotes and Endnotes
128
1
Directory to Footnote/Endnote Documentation Models
129
1
How to Write Footnotes and Endnotes
130
11
Organizing a Bibliography
141
1
Directory to Bibliography Documentation Models
142
10
Revising and Rewriting
152
2
Word Processing: Advantages and Dangers
153
1
Example of a Research Paper
154
25
How the Theme and Thesis Were Chosen
155
1
The Writing Outline for the Thesis
156
1
Turning Research into Writing: A Sample Research Paper - "Wage Slavery or True Independence: Women Workers in the Lowell, Massachusetts, Textile Mills, 1820-1850"
157
22
Appendix A Basic Reference Sources for History Study and Research
179
53
Dictionaries, Encyclopedias, Atlases, and Yearbooks
180
3
General Dictionaries
180
1
Historical Dictionaries
180
1
Specialized Dictionaries
181
1
General Encyclopedias
181
1
Historical Encyclopedias
181
1
Specialized Encyclopedias
182
1
General Atlases
182
1
Historical Atlases
183
1
Yearbooks
183
1
Biography Collections
183
3
Guides to Biography Collections
184
1
American Biography Collections
184
1
British and Canadian Biography Collections
185
1
National Biography Collections
185
1
International Biography Collections
186
1
Newspaper Directories and Indexes
186
1
Newspaper Directories
186
1
Newspaper Indexes
187
1
Periodical Guides and Indexes
187
2
Periodical Guides
187
1
General Periodical Indexes
188
1
Historical Periodicals
189
2
U.S., British, and Canadian Historical Journals
189
1
Book Review Indexes
190
1
Government Publications and Public Documents
191
1
International Agencies
191
1
Foreign Government Publications
191
1
U.S. Government Publications
191
1
Subject Bibliographies
192
17
Disciplines Other than History
192
1
Specialized Branches of History
192
1
General World History
193
1
Ancient History
194
1
Medieval History
194
1
Early Modern and Modern European History
195
1
British History
196
1
East European History
197
1
Russian (and Soviet) History
197
1
African History
198
1
Near and Middle Eastern History
198
1
General Asian History
199
1
Latin American and Caribbean History
200
1
Canadian History
201
1
U.S. History
201
8
Sources for Historical Statistics
209
1
World Statistical Data
209
1
European Statistical Data
209
1
African, Asian, Latin American, and Middle Eastern Statistical Data
209
1
British Statistical Data
210
1
U.S. and Canadian Statistical Data
210
1
Guides to Photographs, Microfilms, Microforms, Movies, Recordings, and Oral History
210
1
Guides to Dissertations, Archives, and Manuscripts
211
1
Digital Reference Sources
212
20
Databases on CD-ROM and on the World Wide Web
212
2
Search Engines
214
1
Indexes and Directories
215
1
Gateway Sites to History Materials
215
1
Archives of Texts and Documents
216
2
Specialized History Topics
218
11
Digital History Journals
229
1
Electronic Discussion Lists in History
230
2
Appendix B Useful Information for the Historian
232
4
Historical Sources in Your Own Backyard
232
1
How to Research Your Family History
233
2
Sources for Family History Research
234
1
Grammar and Style Manuals
235
1
Glossary
236
7
Index
243