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Tables of Contents for The Spatial Economy
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Preface
xi
 
Introduction
1
12
The Rediscovery of Geography
1
3
Linkages and Circular Causation
4
2
Modeling Tricks: Dixit-Stiglitz, Icebergs, Evolution, and the Computer
6
3
Two Useful Questions
9
1
Plan of the Book
10
3
I Some Intellectual Background
13
30
Antecedents I: Urban Economics
15
10
The von Thunen Model
15
3
Explaining Cities: External Economies
18
1
Urban Systems
19
3
Multiple Subcenters
22
1
Uses and Limits of Traditional Urban Economics
23
2
Notes
24
1
Antecedents II: Regional Science
25
18
Central-Place Theory
26
1
Base-Multiplier Analysis
27
5
Market Potential Analysis
32
1
Limitations of Regional Science
33
10
Appendix: A Brief Introduction to Bifurcations
34
7
Notes
41
2
II Labor Mobility and Regional Development
43
74
The Dixit-Stiglitz Model of Monopolistic Competition and Its Spatial Implications
45
16
Consumer Behavior
46
3
Multiple Locations and Transport Costs
49
1
Producer Behavior
50
4
Some Normalizations
54
1
The Price Index Effect and the Home Market Effect
55
3
The ``No-Black-Hole'' Condition
58
3
Notes
59
2
Core and Periphery
61
18
Assumptions
61
2
Instantaneous Equilibrium
63
2
The Core-Periphery Model: Statement and Numerical Examples
65
4
When Is a Core-Periphery Pattern Sustainable?
69
2
When is the Symmetric Equilibrium Broken?
71
4
Implications and Conclusions
75
4
Appendix: Symmetry Breaking
76
1
Notes
77
2
Many Regions and Continuous Space
79
18
The Three-Region Case
79
3
The Racetrack Economy
82
3
The Turning Approach
85
3
The Growth Rate of a Fluctuation
88
3
Determining the Preferred Frequency: The Large Economy
91
3
From Local to Global
94
1
Conclusions
94
3
Appendix: Simulation Parameters
95
1
Notes
95
2
Agricultural Transport Costs
97
20
Trade Costs: The Realities
97
2
Trade Costs: The Model
99
1
Core-Periphery or Symmetry?
100
5
Differentiated Agricultural Products
105
5
Conclusions
110
7
Appendix 7.1: Symmetry Breaking
111
3
Appendix 7.2: Simulation Parameters
114
1
Notes
115
2
III The Urban System
117
120
Spatial Models of Urban Systems: A Heuristic Introduction
119
14
Location Decisions and the Distribution of Demand
120
1
Sustaining and Locking In Urban Location
121
5
Population Growth and City Formation
126
2
Urban Hierarchies
128
1
Ports and Transportation Hubs
129
2
Conclusions
131
2
Notes
132
1
The Monocentric Economy
133
18
The Model
134
2
The von Thunen Economy
136
4
The Market Potential Function
140
3
The Potential Function and the Sustainability of a City
143
8
Appendix 9.1: On the Definition of the Market Potential Function
148
1
Appendix 9.2: The Limit Market Potential Function
149
1
Notes
149
2
The Emergence of New Cities
151
30
Adjustment Dynamics and the Stability of the Spatial System
152
2
From One City to Three
154
6
Emergence of New Cities in the Long Run
160
7
Conclusions
167
14
Appendix 10.1: Bifurcation with Costly Transport of Agricultural Goods
168
3
Appendix 10.2: Supplementary Calculations for Appendix 10.1
171
4
Appendix 10.3: Adjustment Dynamics of a General Three-City Case
175
4
Notes
179
2
Evolution of a Hierarchical Urban System
181
34
The Formation of an Urban Hierarchy in Nineteenth-Century America
182
2
The Model
184
2
The Monocentric System
186
5
Self-Organization Toward a Hierarchical System
191
12
Conclusions
203
12
Appendix 11.1: The Equilibrium of the Agricultural Market
205
1
Appendix 11.2: The Equilibrium Conditions of the Monocentric Economy
206
1
Appendix 11.3: The Proof that (11.16) Implies (11.17)
207
5
Notes
212
3
An Empirical Digression: The Sizes of Cities
215
12
The Size Distribution of Cities
215
2
Do Urban Theories Predict the Rank-Size Rule?
217
2
Can Random Growth Explain the Rank-Size Rule?
219
6
Conclusions
225
2
Note
225
2
Ports, Transportation Hubs, and City Location
227
10
The Monocentric Economy
228
3
The Impact of a Transportation Hub on the Market Potential Function
231
2
Patterns of Spatial Evolution
233
2
Conclusions
235
2
Notes
236
1
IV International Trade
237
114
International Specialization
239
24
A Model with Intermediate Goods
241
4
The Structure of Equilibria
245
6
Agglomeration and National Inequalities
251
5
Decreasing Returns in Agriculture
256
3
Conclusions
259
4
Appendix 14.1: Symmetry Breaking
260
1
Appendix 14.2: Simulation Parameters
261
1
Notes
261
2
Economic Development and the Spread of Industry
263
20
Growth and Sustainable Wage Differentials
264
6
Many Industries and Many Countries
270
7
Conclusions
277
6
Appendix 15.1: The Multicountry, Multi-Industry Model
278
2
Appendix 15.2: Simulation Parameters
280
1
Notes
281
2
Industrial Clustering
283
26
Industrial Clusters: The Evidence
284
1
Industrial Clusters: The Model
285
2
Concentration or Dispersion?
287
4
Adjustment and Real Income
291
2
Multiple Factors: Industrial Clustering in a Heckscher-Ohlin World
293
5
Multiple Industries and Sustainable Cross-Country Differences
298
5
Conclusions
303
6
Appendix 16.1: Symmetry Breaking
304
1
Appendix 16.2: Adjustment and Real Income
305
1
Appendix 16.3: The Production Possibility Frontier
306
1
Appendix 16.4: Multiple Industries
306
1
Appendix 16.5: Simulation Parameters
307
1
Notes
307
2
A Seamless World
309
20
The Model
310
3
The Frequency of Agglomeration
313
4
From Local to Global
317
2
Punctuated Equilibrium
319
2
Multiple Industries
321
1
Center and Periphery
322
3
Conclusions
325
4
Appendix 17.1: Symmetry Breaking
325
1
Appendix 17.2: Simulation Parameters
326
1
Notes
327
2
External Trade and Internal Geography
329
16
Urban Concentration in an Open Economy
331
1
The Effects of Trade Liberalization
332
3
Industrial Clustering and External Trade
335
3
Industrial Structure and Urban Concentration
338
2
Conclusions
340
5
Appendix 18.1: Symmetry Breaking
341
2
Appendix 18.2: Simulation Parameters
343
1
Notes
343
2
The Way Forward
345
6
The Theoretical Menu
346
1
Empirical Work
347
1
Quantification
347
1
Welfare Implications
348
1
Where We Stand
349
2
References
351
6
Index
357