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Tables of Contents for Becoming a Teacher
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Preface
xv
Teaching: Your Chosen Profession
3
30
Focus Questions
3
2
Why Do You Want to Teach?
5
1
Desire to Work with Children and Young People
5
1
Keepers of the Dream
6
1
Anne Sullivan Macy
Love of Teaching
6
1
Love of Subject
7
1
Love of the Teaching Life
7
1
Love of the Teaching-Learning Process
7
1
Influence of Teachers
7
1
Desire to Serve
8
1
Professional Reflection: Assessing Your Reasons for Choosing to Teach
8
1
Practical Benefits of Teaching
9
3
Salaries and Benefits
9
1
Job Security and Status
10
2
What Are the Challenges of Teaching?
12
1
Classroom Management
12
1
Social Problems that Impact Students
12
1
Need for Family and Community Support
13
1
Issues in Education
14
1
Long Working Hours and Job Stress
15
1
Gaining Professional Empowerment
16
1
What Is Teaching Really Like?
16
7
The Unpredictability of Outcomes
17
1
Students' Responses
17
1
Results in the Future
18
1
The Difficulty of Measurement
19
1
The Need for Teacher-Student Partnership
19
1
The Impact of the Teachers' Attitudes
20
1
The Drama and Immediacy of Teaching
21
1
The Uniqueness of the Teaching Experience
22
1
What Does Society Expect of Teachers?
23
1
The Public Trust
23
1
Teacher Competency and Effectiveness
24
1
Teacher Accountability
24
1
How Do Good Teachers View Their Work?
25
1
A Way of Being
25
1
Dear Mentor: Novice and Expert Teachers on Characteristics of a Great Teacher
26
1
A Creative Endeavor
27
1
A Live Performance
27
1
A Form of Empowerment
27
1
An Opportunity to Serve
28
1
As Keepers of the Dream
28
1
Summary
28
2
Key Terms and Concepts
30
1
Applications and Activities
30
1
Teacher's Journal
30
1
Teacher's Database
30
1
Observations and Interviews
31
1
Professional Portfolio
31
2
Learning to Teach
33
30
Focus Questions
33
1
What Essential Knowledge Do You Need to Teach?
34
1
Self-Knowledge
34
1
Knowledge of Students
35
1
Professional Reflection: Inventorying Your Teaching Experiences
36
1
Knowledge of Subject
36
1
Knowledge of Methods for Applying Educational Theory and Research
37
1
What Are Five Ways of Viewing the Teacher Knowledge Base?
38
1
A Personal Development View
38
1
Research-Based Competencies
39
1
State Standards
39
1
A Job-Analysis Approach
40
1
Professional Views
40
1
How Do Reforms in Teacher Education Affect You?
41
1
Dear Mentor: Novice and Expert Teachers on Teaching as a Profession
42
1
Increased Academic Preparation
43
1
Expanded Role for Schools
43
1
National Certification
43
1
Keepers of the Dream
44
1
Caroline Bitterwolf
How Can You Gain Practical Experience for Becoming a Teacher?
45
1
Classroom observations
45
1
Classroom Experiences
46
1
Microteaching
46
1
Simulations
46
1
Video Cases
47
1
practia
47
1
Classroom Aides
47
1
Student Teaching
47
2
Student Teacher Journal Writing
48
1
Reflective Teaching Logs
48
1
Induction and Internship Programs
49
1
School-Based Teacher Education
50
1
Substitute Teaching
50
1
How Can You Develop Your Teaching Portfolio?
51
1
Porttolio Contents
52
1
Using a Portfolio
52
1
How Can You Establish Mentoring Relationship?
53
1
What Opportunities for Continuing Professional Development Will You Have?
54
3
Self-Assessment for Professional Growth
54
1
Teacher Workshops
54
1
Teacher Centers
55
1
Professional Development Schools
56
1
Supervision and Mentoring of Student Teachers
56
1
Graduate Study
56
1
Study on the Internet
56
1
Issues in Education
57
1
Summary
57
2
Key Terms and Concepts
59
1
Applications and Activities
59
1
Teacher's Journal
59
1
Teacher's Database
60
1
Observations and Interviews
60
1
Professional Portfolio
61
2
Historical Foundations of American Education
63
34
Focus Questions
63
1
What Were the European Antecedents of American Education?
64
1
Educationin Ancient Greece
65
1
Dear Mentor: Novice and Expert Teachers on History's Relevance for Teachers
66
2
Socrates
67
1
Plato and Aristotle
67
1
Education in Ancient Rome
68
1
From the Middle Ages to the Age of Enlightenment
68
1
Educational Thought in Eighteenth-Century Europe
69
2
What Were Teaching and Schools Like in the American Colonies (1620-1750)?
71
1
The Status of Teachers
71
1
Colonial Schools
71
2
The Origins of Mandated Education
73
1
Education for Africans and Indians
74
1
What Were the Goals of Education during the Revolutionary Period (1750-1820)?
75
1
Benjamin Franklin's Academy
75
1
Education for Women
76
1
Thomas Jefferson's Philosophy
76
1
Noah Webster's Speller
76
1
How Was the Struggle Won for State-Supported Common Schools (1820-1865)?
77
1
Horace Mann's Contributions
77
1
The Reformed School
77
1
The Normal School
78
1
Reverend McGuffey's Readers
78
1
Justin Morrill's Land-Grant Schools
79
1
How Did Compulsory Education Change the Schools and the Teaching Profession (1865-1920)?
79
1
Higher Education for African Americans
80
1
The Kindergarten
81
1
The Professionalization of Teaching
81
1
Professional Reflection: Reflecting on Changes in the Image of Teachers
82
1
What Were the Aims of Education during the Progressive Era (1920-1945)?
83
1
John Dewey's Laboratory School
83
1
Maria Montessori's Method
84
1
Education of Immigrants and Minorities
84
1
How Did Education Change during the Modern Post-War Era (1945-1990)?
84
1
The 1950s: Defense Education and School Desegregation
85
1
Keepers of the Dream
86
1
Mary McLeod Bethune
The 1960s: War on Poverty and the Great Society
87
1
The 1970s: Accountability and Equal Opportunity
88
1
The 1980s: A Great Debate
89
1
The 1990s: Teacher Leadership
90
1
Issues in Education
90
1
Summary
91
2
Key Terms and Concepts
93
1
Applications and Activities
94
1
Teacher's Journal
94
1
Teacher's Database
94
1
Observations and Interviews
95
1
Professional Portfolio
95
2
Schools and Society
97
34
Focus Questions
97
1
What Are the Aims of Education Today?
98
1
Education for National Goals
99
1
Education for Prosocial Values
100
1
Education for Socialization
100
1
Education for Achievement
100
1
Education for Personal Growth
100
2
Education for Social Change
102
1
Issues in Education
102
1
Education for Equal Educational Opportunity
103
1
How Can Schools Be Described?
104
1
Metaphors for Schools
104
1
Schools and Social Class
104
1
What Are Schools Like as Social Institutions?
105
2
The School as a Reflection of Society
107
1
Rural, Suburban, and Urban Schools
107
1
Schools and Community Environments
107
1
The Culture of the School
108
2
The Physical Environment
108
1
Formal Practices of Schools
109
1
School Traditions
109
1
The Culture of the Classroom
110
1
What Characteristics Distinguish Successful Schools?
110
1
Measures of Success
110
1
Keepers of the Dream
111
1
Kay Toliver
Research on School Effectiveness
112
1
What Social Problems Affect Schools and Place Students at Risk?
113
1
Identifying Students at Risk
113
2
Children and Poverty
115
1
Family Stress
115
1
Dear Mentor: Novice and Expert Teachers on Teachers as Parents
116
1
Substance Abuse
117
1
Violence and Crime
118
2
Professional Reflection: Analyzing Risk Factors Relating to Student Violence
120
1
Teen Pregnancy
120
1
Students with HIV/AIDS
121
1
Suicide among Children and Youths
121
1
What Are Schools Doing to Address Societal Problems?
122
1
Intervention Programs
122
2
Peer Counseling
122
1
Full-Service Schools
123
1
School-Based Interprofessional Case Management
123
1
Compensatory Education
124
1
Alternative Schools and Curricula
125
1
Summary
125
2
Key Terms and Concepts
127
1
Applications and Activities
127
1
Teacher's Journal
127
1
Teacher's Database
127
1
Observations and Interviews
128
1
Professional Portfolio
129
2
Philosophical Foundations of American Education
131
34
Focus Questions
131
1
What Determines Your Educational Philosophy?
132
1
Beliefs about Teaching and Learning
133
1
Beliefs about Students
134
1
Beliefs about Knowledge
134
1
Beliefs about What Is Worth Knowing
135
1
What are the Branches of Philosophy?
135
1
Metaphysics
136
1
Issues in Education
136
1
Epistemology
137
1
Axiology
138
1
Ethics
138
1
Aesthetics
138
1
Logic
139
1
What Are Five Modern Philosophical Orientations to Teaching?
139
1
Progressivism
140
2
Progressive Strategies
140
1
Portrait of a Progressive Teacher
141
1
Perennialism
142
2
Perennialist Educational Philosophers
143
1
Portrait of a Perennialist Teacher
143
1
Essentialism
144
2
The Back-to-Basics Movement
145
1
Portrait of an Essentialist Teacher
145
1
Social Reconstructionism
146
1
Social Reconstructionism and Progressivism
146
1
Keepers of the Dream
147
1
Paulo Freire
Portrait of a Social Reconstructionist Teacher
148
1
Existentialism
148
2
Two Existentialist Views
149
1
Portrait of an Existentialist Teacher
149
1
What Psychological Orientations Have Influenced Teaching Philosophies?
150
1
Humanistic Psychology
150
1
Behaviorism
151
2
Founders of Behavioristic Psychology
151
2
Portrait of a Behavioristic Teacher
153
1
Constructivism
153
2
How Can You Develop Your Educational Philosophy?
155
1
Professional Reflection: Using a Philosophic Inventory
156
4
Dear Mentor: Novice and Expert Teachers on Developing an Educational Philosophy
160
1
Summary
161
1
Key Terms and Concepts
162
1
Applications and Activities
162
1
Teacher's Journal
162
1
Teacher's Database
162
1
Observations and Interviews
162
1
Pfofessional Portfolio
163
2
Governance and Support of American Education
165
34
Fcous Questions
165
1
How Do Political Events Influence Education?
166
1
What Is the Role of the Local Community is School Governance?
167
1
Local School District
167
1
School Board
168
1
Keepers of the Dream
169
3
Enest Boyer
Superintendent of Schools
172
1
The Role of Parents
173
1
School Restructuring
173
1
School-Based Management
174
2
What Powers and Influence Do States Have in Governing Schools?
176
1
The Roles of State Government in Education
176
2
The Legislature
176
2
The Courts
178
1
The Governor
178
1
State Board of Education
178
1
State Department of Education
179
1
Chief State School Officer
180
1
State Standards Boards
180
1
What Assistance Do Regional Education Agencies Provide>
180
How Does the Federal Government Influence Education?
181
2
The Impact of Presidential Policies
183
1
U.S. Department of Education
183
1
Professinal Reflection: Taking Perspectives on Federal versus State Roles in Education
184
1
How Are Schools Financed in the United States?
184
1
Local Funding
185
2
State Funding
187
1
Federal Funding
187
2
What Are Some Trends in Funding for Equity and Excellence?
189
1
Tax Reform and Redistricting
189
1
Vertical Equity
190
1
School Choice
190
1
Dear Mentor: Novice and Expert Teachers on School Funding
191
1
Voucher Systems
192
1
Issues in Education
192
1
Corporate-Education Partnerships
193
1
Summary
194
1
Key Terms and Concepts
195
1
Applications and Activities
196
1
Teacher's Journal
196
1
Teacher's Database
196
1
Observations and Interviews
197
1
Professioonal Portfolio
197
2
Legal Concerns in American Education
199
38
Focus Questions
199
2
Why Do You Need a Professional Code of Ethics?
201
1
Ethical Teaching Attitudes and Practices
201
1
Ethical Dilemmas in Classroom and School
201
1
What Are Your Legal Rights as a Teacher?
202
1
Certification
202
1
Teachers' Rights to Nondiscrimination
203
1
Teaching Contracts
204
1
Due Process in Tenure and Dismissal
204
2
Academic Freedom
206
1
Dear Mentor: Novice and Expert Teachers on Obligations Regarding Cirriculum
207
3
Famous Cases
208
1
States' Rights
209
1
Professional Reflection: Evaluating Statements about Academic Freedom
210
1
Do Student Teachers Have the Same Rights?
210
2
What Are Your Legal Responsibilities as a Teacher?
212
1
Avoiding Tort Liability
212
3
Negligence
212
2
Educational Malpractice
214
1
Reporting Child Abuse
215
1
Observing Copyright Laws
215
3
Photocopies
215
1
Videotapes
216
1
Computer Software
217
1
Electronic Mail and the Internet
218
1
What Are the Legal Rights of Students and Parents?
218
1
Freedom of Expression
218
2
Censorship
218
2
Dress Codes
220
1
Issues in Education
220
1
Due Process in Suspension and Expulsion
221
1
Reasonable Search and Seizure
222
2
Privacy
224
1
Keepers of the Dream
225
1
Marian Wright Edelman
Students' Rights to Nondiscrimination
226
1
What Are Some Issues in the Legal Rights of School Districts?
227
1
Corporal Punishment
227
1
Sexual Harassment
228
2
Religious Expression
230
1
Home Schooling
231
1
Summary
232
1
Key Terms and Concepts
233
1
Applications and Activities
234
1
Teacher's Journal
234
1
Teacher's Database
234
1
Observations and Interviews
235
1
Professional Portfolio
235
2
Teaching Diverse Learners
237
38
Focus Questions
237
1
How Is Diversity Embedded in the American Way of Life?
238
1
The Meaning of Culture
238
4
Dimensions of Culture
239
1
Cultural Identity
239
1
Language and Culture
240
1
The Concept of Multiculturalism
240
2
Ethnicity and Race
242
1
The Concept of Minorities
242
1
Dear Mentor: Novice and Expert Teachers on Teaching Diverse Learners
243
3
Minority Enrollments and Teacher Recruitment
244
1
Minority Groups and Academic Achievement
244
2
Language Minorities
246
1
Stereotyping and Racism
246
1
Professional Reflection: Reflecting on Your Cultural Identity
247
1
What Does Equal Educational Opportunity Mean?
248
1
Education and African Americans
248
2
The Desegregation Era
249
1
Research on Learning Needs of African-American Students
249
1
Afrocentric Schools
250
1
Education and Latino and Hispanic Americans
250
1
Historical, Cultural, and Socioeconomic Factors
250
1
Research on Needs of Spanish-Speaking Learners
251
1
Issues in Education
251
1
Education and Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders
252
2
Historical, Cultural, and Socioeconomic Factors
252
1
Teachers' Concerns about Asian-American Students
253
1
Education and American Indians and Alaskan Natives
254
2
Historical, Cultural, and Socioeconomic Factors
255
1
Research on Native-American Ways of Knowing
255
1
What Is Meant by Bilingual Education?
256
1
Research and Debate on Bilingual Programs
257
1
Advice for Monolingual Teachers
258
1
What is Multicultural Education?
258
3
Dimensions of Multicultural Education
261
1
Multicultural Curricula
261
2
Multicultural Instructional Materials and Strategies
263
1
Keepers of the Dream
264
1
James A. Banks
How Is Gender a Dimension of Multicultural Education?
265
1
Gender Differences
265
1
Professional Reflection: Reflecting on Your School Experiences in Relation to Gender
266
1
Gender and Achievement
266
2
Gender-Fair Classrooms and Curricula
268
2
Summary
270
2
Key Terms and Concepts
272
1
Applications and Activities
272
1
Teacher's Journal
272
1
Teacher's Database
272
1
Observations and Interviews
273
1
Professional Portfolio
273
2
Addressing Learners' Individual Needs
275
34
Focus Questions
275
1
How Do Students' Needs Change as They Develop?
276
1
Piaget's Model of Cognitive Development
277
1
Erikson's Model of Psychosocial Development
277
1
Kohlberg's Model of Moral Development
278
2
Maslow's Model of a Hierarchy of Needs
280
2
Developmental Stresses and Tasks of Childhood
282
1
Developmental Stresses and Tasks of Adolescence
283
1
Keepers of the Dream
284
1
Matty Rodriguez-Walling
How Do Students Vary in Intelligence?
285
1
Intelligence Testing
286
1
Multiple Intelligences
287
1
Learning Modes
287
2
Professional Reflection: Identifying Your Learning Mode Preferences
289
1
How Do Students Vary in Ability and Disability?
289
1
Exceptional Learners
289
1
Students with Disabilities
290
2
Issues in Education
292
1
Students Who Are Gifted and Talented
293
2
What Are Special Education, Mainstreaming, and Inclusion?
295
1
Special Education Laws
295
1
Meeting the Mainstreaming Challenge
296
1
The Debate Over Inclusion
297
1
Equal Opportunity for Exceptional Learners
298
1
How Can You Teach All Learners in Your Inclusive Classroom?
299
2
Collaborative Consultation
301
1
Working with Parents
301
1
Professional Reflection: Communicating Effectively with Parents of Exceptional Students
302
1
Assitive Technology for Special Learners
302
1
Dear Mentor: Novice and Expert Teachers on Parental Involvement
303
1
Summary
304
1
Key Terms and Concepts
305
1
Applications and Activities
306
1
Teacher's Journal
306
1
Teacher's Database
306
1
Observations and Interviews
307
1
Professional Portfolio
307
2
Creating A Community of Learners
309
36
Focus Questions
309
1
What Determines the Culture of the Classroom?
310
1
Classroom Climate
311
1
Classroom Dynamics
312
2
Teacher Communication
313
1
Student Interaction
313
1
How Can You Create a Positive Learning Environment?
314
1
The Caring Classroom
314
1
The Classroom as a Physical Environment
315
2
Classroom Organization
317
1
Grouping Students by Ability
317
1
Grouping Students for Cooperative Learning
317
1
Keepers of the Dream
318
3
Nel Noddings
Structuring Activity Formats
319
1
Structuring the Use of Time
320
1
Professional Reflection: Creating a Positive Learning Environment
321
1
What Are the Keys to Successful Classroom Management?
322
1
The Democratic Classroom
322
1
Preventive Planning
322
2
Establishing Rules and Procedures
323
1
Organization and Planning for Instruction
323
1
Effective Responses to Student Behavior
324
2
Severity of Misbehavior
324
1
Constructive Assertiveness
324
2
Issues in Education
326
2
Teacher Problem Solving
327
1
What Teaching Methods Do Effective Teachers Use?
328
1
Methods Based on Learning New Behaviors
328
1
Dear Mentor: Novice and Expert Teachers on Classroom Discipline
329
1
Methods Based on Child Development
330
2
Methods Based on the Thinking Process
332
1
Methods Based on Peer-Mediated Instruction
333
1
What Are Some Characteristics of Effective Teaching?
334
1
Establishing Goals
334
2
Linking Assessment with Instruction
336
1
An Effective Elementary School Teacher
337
1
An Effective Middle School Teacher
337
1
An Effective High School Teacher
338
1
Summary
339
2
Key Terms and Concepts
341
1
Applications and Activities
341
1
Teacher's Journal
341
1
Teacher's Database
342
1
Observations and Interviews
342
1
Professional Portfolio
343
2
Developing and Implementing the Curriculum
345
34
Focus Questions
345
1
What Is Taught in the Schools?
346
1
Kinds of Curriculum
347
1
Explicit Curriculum
347
1
Hidden Curriculum
347
1
Null Curriculum
348
1
Professional Reflection: Identifying Kinds of Curriculum
348
2
Extracurricular/Cocurricular Programs
348
2
Curriculum Content
350
1
How Is the School Curriculum Developed?
351
2
The Focus in Curriculum Planning
351
1
Student-Centered versus Subject-Centered Curricula
352
1
The Integrated Curriculum
352
1
Dear Mentor: Novice and Expert Teachers on Student-Centered Cirriculum and Instruction
353
1
Who Plans the Curriculum?
354
1
What Influences Curricular Decisions?
355
2
Social Issues and Changing Values
355
1
Textbook Publishing
356
1
What Reform Efforts Have Affected the Curriculum?
357
1
Church, Nation, and School
357
1
Children and School
358
2
The Committee of Ten
360
1
The Committee of Fifteen
360
1
The Reorganization of Secondary Education
360
1
Standards and the Schools
360
4
The Push for Mass Education
361
1
The Progressive Curriculum
361
1
The Eight-Year Study
361
1
The Push for Excellence
362
1
The Inquiry-Based Curriculum
362
1
The Relevancy-Based Curriculum
363
1
The Core Curriculum
363
1
Outcome-Based Education
363
1
What Are Some Current Subject-Area Trends?
364
1
Reading and Writing
364
1
Keepers of the Dream
365
1
Sylvia Ashton-Warner
Mathematics
366
2
Science and Technology
368
1
Social Studies
369
1
Foreign Language
370
1
The Arts
371
1
Physical Education
372
1
Vocational Education
373
1
Issues in Education
374
1
Summary
375
1
Key Terms and Concepts
376
1
Applications and Activities
376
1
Teacher's Journal
376
1
Teacher's Database
376
1
Observations and Interviews
377
1
Professional Portfolio
377
2
Teachers as Educational Leaders
379
32
Focus Questions
379
1
To What Extent Is Teaching a Full Profession?
380
5
Institutional Monopoly of Services
381
1
Teacher Autonomy
382
1
Years of Education and Training
382
1
Provision of Essential Service
382
1
Degree of Self-Governance
383
1
Professional Associations
383
1
Professional Knowledge and Skills
384
1
Level of Public Trust
384
1
Prestige, Benefits, and Pay
384
1
What Is Professionalism in Teaching?
385
1
Professional Behavior
385
1
Reflection-in-Action
385
1
Becoming a Mentor
386
1
Lifelong Learning
386
1
Involvement in the Profession
387
1
To What Professional Organizations Do Teachers Belong?
387
1
The National Education Association
387
1
The American Federation of Teachers
388
1
Other Professional Organizations
389
1
Keepers of the Dream
390
1
Sandra MacQuinn
What New Leadership Roles for Teachers Are Emerging?
390
1
Teacher Involvement in Teacher Education and Certification
390
2
Teacher-Leaders
392
1
Dimensions of Teacher Leadership Beyond the Classroom
393
1
Professional Reflection: Working with Principals
394
1
How Do Teachers Contribute to Educational Research?
394
1
Sources of Educational Research
395
1
Government Resources for Research Application
396
1
Conducting Classroom Action Research
396
1
How Are Teachers Involved in School Restructuring and Curriculum Reform?
397
1
Empowerment and Collaboration for School Reform
397
2
Collaborative School Reform Networks
399
1
Coalition of Essential Schools
399
1
National Network for Educational Renewal
399
1
Dear Mentor: Novice and Expert Teachers on Sharing Decision Making
400
1
Accelerated Schools
401
1
State-Based Educational Partnerships
401
1
How Are Teachers Innovators in the Use of Educational Technology?
401
1
The Impact of the Television Revolution
402
1
The Computer Revolution
402
1
Classroom Media Magic
403
1
Effects of Technology on Learning
403
1
Issues in Education
404
1
Summary
405
2
Key Terms and Concepts
407
1
Applications and Activities
407
1
Teacher's Journal
407
1
Teacher's Database
407
1
Observations and Interviews
408
1
Professional Portfolio
409
2
Your First Teaching Position
411
32
Focus Questions
411
1
How Will You Become Certified or Licensed to Teach?
412
1
State Certification Requirements
413
3
Alternative Certification
416
1
The National Teacher Examination and Praxis
416
1
Where will You Teach?
417
1
A Favorable Job Market
417
1
Demand by Specialty Area and Geographic Region
418
1
Other Career Opportunities for Teachers
419
1
How Will You Find Your First Teaching Job?
420
1
Finding Out about Teaching Vacancies
420
1
Preparing Your Resume
421
1
Writing Letters of Inquiry and Applications
421
1
Participating in a Job Interview
421
4
Professional Reflection: Anticipating Interview Questions
425
2
Accetping an Offer
427
1
What Can You Expect as a Beginning Teacher?
427
1
The First Day
427
1
Keepers of the Dream
428
1
Vito Perrone
Advice from Experienced Teachers
429
1
How Can You Become a Part of Your Learning Community?
429
1
Relationships with Students
429
1
Relationships with Colleagues and Staff
430
1
Dear Mentor: Novice and Expert Teachers on Solving Classroom Discipline Problems
431
1
Relationships with Administrators
432
1
Relationships with Parents
432
1
Issues in Education
433
1
Community Relations
434
1
How Can You Participate in Teacher Collaboration?
434
3
Peer Coaching
435
1
Staff Development
435
1
Team Teaching
435
1
Co-Teaching
436
1
How Will Your Performance as a Teacher Be Evaluated?
437
1
Quantitive and Qualitative Evaluation
437
1
Clinical Supervision
437
1
Summary
438
1
Key Terms and Concepts
439
1
Applications and Activities
440
1
Teacher's Journal
440
1
Teacher's Database
440
1
Observations and Interviews
441
1
Professional Portfolio
441
2
Education Issues for the 21st Century
443
34
Focus Questions
443
1
What Will Students Need to Know and Be Able to Do?
444
4
Literacy in Language, Mathematics, and Science
445
1
New Technological Skills
445
1
Problem Solving, Critical Thinking, and Creativity
446
1
Social Awareness, Communication Skills, and Team Building
446
1
Global Awareness and Conservation Skills
446
1
Health and Wellness Education
447
1
Moral and Ethical Orientation
447
1
Aesthetics Awareness
447
1
Lifelong Self-Directed Learning
447
1
How Can Teachers and Schools Reach All Learners?
448
1
Equity for All Students
449
1
Active, Authentic Learning
449
1
How Can Community-Based Partnerships Address Social Problems The Hinder Students' Learning?
450
1
The Community as a Resource for Schools
451
1
Civic Organizations
451
1
Volunteer Mentor Programs
451
1
Corporate-Education Partnerships
451
1
Schools as Resources for Communities
452
2
Beyond the School Day
452
1
Health and Social Services
453
1
How Will the Privatization Movement Affect Equity and Excellence in Education?
454
1
Charter Schools
454
1
Issues in Education
454
2
For-Profit Schools
456
1
What Can Teachers and Schools Learn from International Education?
457
1
Comparative Education
457
1
Keepers of the Dream
458
4
Kristi Rennebohn Franz
International Comparisons of Achievement
458
3
A National Curriculum?
461
1
Lessons from Other Countries
462
2
Support for Teachers and Teaching
462
1
Parental Involvement
462
1
Pressure to Excel
463
1
How Will Cyberspace Change Teaching and Learning?
464
1
Cyberspace and the Challenge to Schools
464
1
Dear Mentor: Novice and Expert Teachers on Educational Technology
465
1
The National Information Infrastructure (NII)
466
1
What Is Our Vision for the Future of Education?
466
1
The School of Tomorrow
466
4
Tomorrow's Teacher
470
1
Professional Reflection: Anticipating the Impacts of Innovations and Trends in Education
470
1
Summary
471
2
Key Terms and Concepts
473
1
Applications and Activities
473
1
Teacher's Journal
473
1
Teacher's Database
474
1
Observations and Interviews
475
1
Professional Portfolio
475
2
Glossary
477
16
References
493
18
Teacher's Resource Guide
511
58
Name Index
569
4
Subject Index
573